The article examines the influence of natural lighting on the architecture of school building in Central Asia and enhancing the comfortable educational environment. This study investigates the influence of natural lighting on the design of the architecture school building, emphasizing effectiveness of the current design solutions, which often result in natural lighting levels that do not meet lighting standards. This, in turn, negatively affects students’ visual and psychological well-being. This work underscores the importance of integrating innovative daylighting strategies into educational architecture to promote sustainable, healthy, and inspiring learning spaces. The primary research method used is mathematical lighting modeling through specialized software. Parameters and requirements were defined, taking into account the light-climatic characteristics of Uzbekistan as well as the psychological and physiological aspects of children’s perception of light. These requirements include calculating illumination levels for both overcast and clear weather conditions; a minimum acceptable illumination level of 100 lux, with optimal values up to 1000 lux; and daylight factor (DF) values ranging from 1.5% to 2.5%. The study involved both theoretical calculations and field measurements, as well as on-site surveys of classrooms with different shapes (square and transverse layouts). The developed calculation algorithm, implemented in the Delphi (Pascal) programming environment, enabled the simulation of lighting under varying window orientations, opening dimensions, and interior finishes. The simulation results were compared with field measurement data, showing a deviation of 10–15%, which is considered acceptable. Thus, the article contributes to the development of scientifically grounded approaches to the design of lighting environments in schools of Central Asia, promoting visual health and psychological comfort for students.

Natural Lighting, School Building Architecture, Classrooms, Double-Sided Glazing