Malaria Parasitaemia and Changes in Follicle Stimulating Hormone and Luteinizing Hormone Levels of Adult Mice

Naiho Alexander Obidike; Ebite Lilian Ozokor; Ovuakporaye Simon Irikefe; Gbagbeke Kelvin Obakore; Kelechi Keneth Anachuna

doi:doi:10.11648/j.aap.20200501.11

Malaria Parasitaemia and Changes in Follicle Stimulating Hormone and Luteinizing Hormone Levels of Adult Mice

Naiho Alexander Obidike, Ebite Lilian Ozokor, Ovuakporaye Simon Irikefe, Gbagbeke Kelvin Obakore, Kelechi Keneth Anachuna

Published in Advances in Applied Physiology (Volume 5, Issue 1)

Received: 19 February 2020 Accepted: 26 March 2020 Published: 14 April 2020

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Abstract

To understand the treatment of malaria, it is important to understand the effect of the administration of specific anti-malarials on various physiological variables. Current study investigated the effect (s) of the anti-malarial, coartem and co-administration of the antioxidant, Vitamin E on the levels of Luteinising and Follicle Stimulating Hormones [LH and FSH] of malaria parasite infected mice. Twenty-eight (28) adult mice were obtained, acclimatized for two (2) weeks and randomly selected into four (4) groups of seven (7) rats per group. Group 1 (Control) received standard mice diet and water ad libitum, while group 2 mice were infected with malaria (Plasmodium berghei) and left untreated. Groups 3 and 4 were inoculated with malaria (Plasmodium berghei); then treated with coartem and coartem + vitamin E respectively. After three (3) weeks of administration of test substance, the mice blood samples were obtained from mice (for each group) and assayed for serum FSH and LH levels. Statistical comparison was then conducted (using the student t-test) against those of control group to ascertain the effects of the changes due to coartem and/or antioxidant vitamin E co-administration to plasmodium berghei infected mice. Study found a statistically significant increase in serum LH levels of male mice after inoculation with plasmodium berghei. This decrease was noticed more even with coartem and antioxidant vitamin E co-administration, implicative of a possible effect in fecundity levels of infected male mice. The level of FSH was significantly increased in infected mice, but however showed a reversal following treatment with coartem and/or antioxidant vitamin E. The effects on reproductive hormones seen here may mirror the effects in man. More studies are needed to elucidate that.

Published in	Advances in Applied Physiology (Volume 5, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.aap.20200501.11
Page(s)	1-5
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Coartem, Leutinizing Hormone, Follicle Stimulating Hormone

References

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[3]	World Health Organisation. World Malaria Report 2019. Geneva. 2019. www.who.int/malaria/publications/world-malaria-report-2019/en/.
[4]	Marshall, J. C (1975) Clinic in Endocrinol Metabolism. Investigative procedures clinc. Endocrimnol. Metab. 3: 545-567.
[5]	Boulpaep EL, Boron WF. Medical physiology: a cellular and molecular approach. Philadelphia, Saunders/elservier; 2005: 1319p.
[6]	Pitteloud N, Dwyer AA, DeCruz S, Lee H, Boepple PA, Crowley Jr WF, Hayes FJ. Inhibition of luteinizing hormone secretion by testosterone in men requires aromatization for its pituitary but not its hypothalamic effects: evidence from the tandem study of normal and gonadotropin-releasing hormone-deficient men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008; 93 (7), 2686-92.
[7]	Davidson R, Brent A, Seale A. Oxford Handbook of Tropical Medicine. UK, Oxford University Press, 2014; 34-67.
[8]	World Health Organization (WHO) (2001). Antimalaria drugs combination therapy. Report of a WHO technical consultation. Document WHO/CDS/RBM/2001.35. Geneva.
[9]	Okanlawon AO, Ashiru OA. Sterological estimation of seminiferous tubules dysfunction in chloroquine treated rats. Afr J Med Sci 1998; 27: 101-106.
[10]	Raji Y, Akinsomisoye OS, Azeez MO. Impact of malaria parasite on reproductive indices of male mice. Reprod Med Biol 2006 sept; 5 (3): 201-210.
[11]	Raji Y, Osonuga IO, Akinsomisoye OS, Osonuga OA, Mewoyeka OO. Gonadotoxicity evaluation of oral artemisinin derivative in male rats. J. Med Sci 2005; 5: 303-306.
[12]	Basir R, Fazalul Rahiman SS, Hasballah K, Chong WC, Talib H, Yam MF. Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection in ICR mice as a model of cerebral malaria. Iran J. Parasitol 2012; 7 (40): 62-74.
[13]	Samuel SA, Ayobami D, Jane AE. Comparative effects of commonly used artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) on reproductive parameters in male wistar rats. MOJ Bioequiv Availab 2008; 5 (2): 122-128.
[14]	Adejuwon CA, Adejuwon AO. Serum steroids in mice infected with Plasmodium berghei berghei. J Med Sci 2005; 5 (3): 212-215.
[15]	Ojezele MO. Igbe I, Okhuarobo A. Reproductive indices in malaria infested mice treated with antimalarials, Phylanthus amarus combined with itamins. Bull Fac Pharm Cairo Univ 2018; 56 (2): 179-184.

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Naiho Alexander Obidike, Ebite Lilian Ozokor, Ovuakporaye Simon Irikefe, Gbagbeke Kelvin Obakore, Kelechi Keneth Anachuna. (2020). Malaria Parasitaemia and Changes in Follicle Stimulating Hormone and Luteinizing Hormone Levels of Adult Mice. Advances in Applied Physiology, 5(1), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aap.20200501.11

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Naiho Alexander Obidike; Ebite Lilian Ozokor; Ovuakporaye Simon Irikefe; Gbagbeke Kelvin Obakore; Kelechi Keneth Anachuna. Malaria Parasitaemia and Changes in Follicle Stimulating Hormone and Luteinizing Hormone Levels of Adult Mice. Adv. Appl. Physiol. 2020, 5(1), 1-5. doi: 10.11648/j.aap.20200501.11

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AMA Style

Naiho Alexander Obidike, Ebite Lilian Ozokor, Ovuakporaye Simon Irikefe, Gbagbeke Kelvin Obakore, Kelechi Keneth Anachuna. Malaria Parasitaemia and Changes in Follicle Stimulating Hormone and Luteinizing Hormone Levels of Adult Mice. Adv Appl Physiol. 2020;5(1):1-5. doi: 10.11648/j.aap.20200501.11

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@article{10.11648/j.aap.20200501.11,
  author = {Naiho Alexander Obidike and Ebite Lilian Ozokor and Ovuakporaye Simon Irikefe and Gbagbeke Kelvin Obakore and Kelechi Keneth Anachuna},
  title = {Malaria Parasitaemia and Changes in Follicle Stimulating Hormone and Luteinizing Hormone Levels of Adult Mice},
  journal = {Advances in Applied Physiology},
  volume = {5},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-5},
  doi = {10.11648/j.aap.20200501.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aap.20200501.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.aap.20200501.11},
  abstract = {To understand the treatment of malaria, it is important to understand the effect of the administration of specific anti-malarials on various physiological variables. Current study investigated the effect (s) of the anti-malarial, coartem and co-administration of the antioxidant, Vitamin E on the levels of Luteinising and Follicle Stimulating Hormones [LH and FSH] of malaria parasite infected mice. Twenty-eight (28) adult mice were obtained, acclimatized for two (2) weeks and randomly selected into four (4) groups of seven (7) rats per group. Group 1 (Control) received standard mice diet and water ad libitum, while group 2 mice were infected with malaria (Plasmodium berghei) and left untreated. Groups 3 and 4 were inoculated with malaria (Plasmodium berghei); then treated with coartem and coartem + vitamin E respectively. After three (3) weeks of administration of test substance, the mice blood samples were obtained from mice (for each group) and assayed for serum FSH and LH levels. Statistical comparison was then conducted (using the student t-test) against those of control group to ascertain the effects of the changes due to coartem and/or antioxidant vitamin E co-administration to plasmodium berghei infected mice. Study found a statistically significant increase in serum LH levels of male mice after inoculation with plasmodium berghei. This decrease was noticed more even with coartem and antioxidant vitamin E co-administration, implicative of a possible effect in fecundity levels of infected male mice. The level of FSH was significantly increased in infected mice, but however showed a reversal following treatment with coartem and/or antioxidant vitamin E. The effects on reproductive hormones seen here may mirror the effects in man. More studies are needed to elucidate that.},
 year = {2020}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Malaria Parasitaemia and Changes in Follicle Stimulating Hormone and Luteinizing Hormone Levels of Adult Mice
AU  - Naiho Alexander Obidike
AU  - Ebite Lilian Ozokor
AU  - Ovuakporaye Simon Irikefe
AU  - Gbagbeke Kelvin Obakore
AU  - Kelechi Keneth Anachuna
Y1  - 2020/04/14
PY  - 2020
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aap.20200501.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.aap.20200501.11
T2  - Advances in Applied Physiology
JF  - Advances in Applied Physiology
JO  - Advances in Applied Physiology
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2471-9714
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aap.20200501.11
AB  - To understand the treatment of malaria, it is important to understand the effect of the administration of specific anti-malarials on various physiological variables. Current study investigated the effect (s) of the anti-malarial, coartem and co-administration of the antioxidant, Vitamin E on the levels of Luteinising and Follicle Stimulating Hormones [LH and FSH] of malaria parasite infected mice. Twenty-eight (28) adult mice were obtained, acclimatized for two (2) weeks and randomly selected into four (4) groups of seven (7) rats per group. Group 1 (Control) received standard mice diet and water ad libitum, while group 2 mice were infected with malaria (Plasmodium berghei) and left untreated. Groups 3 and 4 were inoculated with malaria (Plasmodium berghei); then treated with coartem and coartem + vitamin E respectively. After three (3) weeks of administration of test substance, the mice blood samples were obtained from mice (for each group) and assayed for serum FSH and LH levels. Statistical comparison was then conducted (using the student t-test) against those of control group to ascertain the effects of the changes due to coartem and/or antioxidant vitamin E co-administration to plasmodium berghei infected mice. Study found a statistically significant increase in serum LH levels of male mice after inoculation with plasmodium berghei. This decrease was noticed more even with coartem and antioxidant vitamin E co-administration, implicative of a possible effect in fecundity levels of infected male mice. The level of FSH was significantly increased in infected mice, but however showed a reversal following treatment with coartem and/or antioxidant vitamin E. The effects on reproductive hormones seen here may mirror the effects in man. More studies are needed to elucidate that.
VL  - 5
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Naiho Alexander Obidike

Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria
Ebite Lilian Ozokor

Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria
Ovuakporaye Simon Irikefe

Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria
Gbagbeke Kelvin Obakore

Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria
Kelechi Keneth Anachuna

Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Naiho Alexander Obidike, Ebite Lilian Ozokor, Ovuakporaye Simon Irikefe, Gbagbeke Kelvin Obakore, Kelechi Keneth Anachuna. (2020). Malaria Parasitaemia and Changes in Follicle Stimulating Hormone and Luteinizing Hormone Levels of Adult Mice. Advances in Applied Physiology, 5(1), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aap.20200501.11

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ACS Style

Naiho Alexander Obidike; Ebite Lilian Ozokor; Ovuakporaye Simon Irikefe; Gbagbeke Kelvin Obakore; Kelechi Keneth Anachuna. Malaria Parasitaemia and Changes in Follicle Stimulating Hormone and Luteinizing Hormone Levels of Adult Mice. Adv. Appl. Physiol. 2020, 5(1), 1-5. doi: 10.11648/j.aap.20200501.11

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AMA Style

Naiho Alexander Obidike, Ebite Lilian Ozokor, Ovuakporaye Simon Irikefe, Gbagbeke Kelvin Obakore, Kelechi Keneth Anachuna. Malaria Parasitaemia and Changes in Follicle Stimulating Hormone and Luteinizing Hormone Levels of Adult Mice. Adv Appl Physiol. 2020;5(1):1-5. doi: 10.11648/j.aap.20200501.11

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@article{10.11648/j.aap.20200501.11,
  author = {Naiho Alexander Obidike and Ebite Lilian Ozokor and Ovuakporaye Simon Irikefe and Gbagbeke Kelvin Obakore and Kelechi Keneth Anachuna},
  title = {Malaria Parasitaemia and Changes in Follicle Stimulating Hormone and Luteinizing Hormone Levels of Adult Mice},
  journal = {Advances in Applied Physiology},
  volume = {5},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-5},
  doi = {10.11648/j.aap.20200501.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aap.20200501.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.aap.20200501.11},
  abstract = {To understand the treatment of malaria, it is important to understand the effect of the administration of specific anti-malarials on various physiological variables. Current study investigated the effect (s) of the anti-malarial, coartem and co-administration of the antioxidant, Vitamin E on the levels of Luteinising and Follicle Stimulating Hormones [LH and FSH] of malaria parasite infected mice. Twenty-eight (28) adult mice were obtained, acclimatized for two (2) weeks and randomly selected into four (4) groups of seven (7) rats per group. Group 1 (Control) received standard mice diet and water ad libitum, while group 2 mice were infected with malaria (Plasmodium berghei) and left untreated. Groups 3 and 4 were inoculated with malaria (Plasmodium berghei); then treated with coartem and coartem + vitamin E respectively. After three (3) weeks of administration of test substance, the mice blood samples were obtained from mice (for each group) and assayed for serum FSH and LH levels. Statistical comparison was then conducted (using the student t-test) against those of control group to ascertain the effects of the changes due to coartem and/or antioxidant vitamin E co-administration to plasmodium berghei infected mice. Study found a statistically significant increase in serum LH levels of male mice after inoculation with plasmodium berghei. This decrease was noticed more even with coartem and antioxidant vitamin E co-administration, implicative of a possible effect in fecundity levels of infected male mice. The level of FSH was significantly increased in infected mice, but however showed a reversal following treatment with coartem and/or antioxidant vitamin E. The effects on reproductive hormones seen here may mirror the effects in man. More studies are needed to elucidate that.},
 year = {2020}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Malaria Parasitaemia and Changes in Follicle Stimulating Hormone and Luteinizing Hormone Levels of Adult Mice
AU  - Naiho Alexander Obidike
AU  - Ebite Lilian Ozokor
AU  - Ovuakporaye Simon Irikefe
AU  - Gbagbeke Kelvin Obakore
AU  - Kelechi Keneth Anachuna
Y1  - 2020/04/14
PY  - 2020
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aap.20200501.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.aap.20200501.11
T2  - Advances in Applied Physiology
JF  - Advances in Applied Physiology
JO  - Advances in Applied Physiology
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2471-9714
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aap.20200501.11
AB  - To understand the treatment of malaria, it is important to understand the effect of the administration of specific anti-malarials on various physiological variables. Current study investigated the effect (s) of the anti-malarial, coartem and co-administration of the antioxidant, Vitamin E on the levels of Luteinising and Follicle Stimulating Hormones [LH and FSH] of malaria parasite infected mice. Twenty-eight (28) adult mice were obtained, acclimatized for two (2) weeks and randomly selected into four (4) groups of seven (7) rats per group. Group 1 (Control) received standard mice diet and water ad libitum, while group 2 mice were infected with malaria (Plasmodium berghei) and left untreated. Groups 3 and 4 were inoculated with malaria (Plasmodium berghei); then treated with coartem and coartem + vitamin E respectively. After three (3) weeks of administration of test substance, the mice blood samples were obtained from mice (for each group) and assayed for serum FSH and LH levels. Statistical comparison was then conducted (using the student t-test) against those of control group to ascertain the effects of the changes due to coartem and/or antioxidant vitamin E co-administration to plasmodium berghei infected mice. Study found a statistically significant increase in serum LH levels of male mice after inoculation with plasmodium berghei. This decrease was noticed more even with coartem and antioxidant vitamin E co-administration, implicative of a possible effect in fecundity levels of infected male mice. The level of FSH was significantly increased in infected mice, but however showed a reversal following treatment with coartem and/or antioxidant vitamin E. The effects on reproductive hormones seen here may mirror the effects in man. More studies are needed to elucidate that.
VL  - 5
IS  - 1
ER  -

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