Assessment of the Anti-inflammatory and Anti-oxidant Activities of Flavonoid-rich Fraction of <i>Pleiocarpa mutica </i>Leaves

Osmund Chukwuma Enechi; Christian Chijioke Amah; Jacob Ikechukwu Okoro; Ursula Chidimma Obelenwa; Ernest Chinecherem Omeje; Emmanuella Nkechinyere Osondu; Chidimma Faith Ejikeme; Chidubem Francis Okoye; Sebastine Obiajulu Maduneme; Christabel Ebube Festus; Nnadike Henry Okafor

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ab.20221001.14

Assessment of the Anti-inflammatory and Anti-oxidant Activities of Flavonoid-rich Fraction of Pleiocarpa mutica Leaves

Osmund Chukwuma Enechi, Christian Chijioke Amah, Jacob Ikechukwu Okoro, Ursula Chidimma Obelenwa, Ernest Chinecherem Omeje, Emmanuella Nkechinyere Osondu, Chidimma Faith Ejikeme, Chidubem Francis Okoye, Sebastine Obiajulu Maduneme, Christabel Ebube Festus, Nnadike Henry Okafor

Published in Advances in Biochemistry (Volume 10, Issue 1)

Received: 16 December 2021 Accepted: 11 January 2022 Published: 9 February 2022

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Abstract

Pleiocarpa mutica is a medicinal plant that is native to large areas of tropical Africa and belongs to the family of Apocynaceae. It is a medicinal herb used in traditional Nigerian medicine to treat a variety of diseases, including inflammatory disorders. The present study investigated the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects of flavonoid-rich fraction of Pleiocarpa mutica leaves (FRFPML) using both in-vivo and in-vitro based assays. A total of thirty (30) adult male albino rats (110-150g) were divided into five (5) groups of six (6) rats each for the in-vivo anti-inflammatory assay. Group 1 untreated; Group 2 was given 10 mg/kg body weight of Indomethacin and Groups 3, 4 and 5 were given 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg body weight of FRFPML respectively. Tannins, phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids and saponins were found in varied amounts in the plant secondary metabolites according to quantitative analysis. The extract demonstrated no harm in an acute toxicity assay when dosed up to 5000 mg/kg b.w. Scalar dosages of the FRFPML significantly (p<0.05) suppressed the development of paw oedema induced by egg albumin in the systemic rat paw oedema model. This compares favorably to the standard anti–inflammatory drug indomethacin (10 mg/kg b.w) which at 24 hours inhibited egg albumin-induced rat paw oedema (11.82%). Varying doses of the extract significantly (p<0.05) inhibited egg albumin denaturation, hypotonicity-induced membrane stabilization, protease inhibition and phospholipase A₂ in a concentration-dependent manner, causing inhibition comparable to that of the standard anti-inflammatory drug used. The extract at different concentrations (0.2-0.8 mg/ml), significantly (p<0.05) exhibited DPPH (1-1diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and H₂O₂ (hydrogen peroxide) radical scavenging activities in a concentration-dependent manner similar to the standard antioxidant ascorbic acid used. Results from the study revealed that the FRFPML exhibited remarkable anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activity.

Published in	Advances in Biochemistry (Volume 10, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ab.20221001.14
Page(s)	25-34
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Pleiocarpa mutica, Anti-inflammation, Paw Odema, Anti-oxidant

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Osmund Chukwuma Enechi, Christian Chijioke Amah, Jacob Ikechukwu Okoro, Ursula Chidimma Obelenwa, Ernest Chinecherem Omeje, et al. (2022). Assessment of the Anti-inflammatory and Anti-oxidant Activities of Flavonoid-rich Fraction of Pleiocarpa mutica Leaves. Advances in Biochemistry, 10(1), 25-34. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ab.20221001.14

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Osmund Chukwuma Enechi; Christian Chijioke Amah; Jacob Ikechukwu Okoro; Ursula Chidimma Obelenwa; Ernest Chinecherem Omeje, et al. Assessment of the Anti-inflammatory and Anti-oxidant Activities of Flavonoid-rich Fraction of Pleiocarpa mutica Leaves. Adv. Biochem. 2022, 10(1), 25-34. doi: 10.11648/j.ab.20221001.14

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AMA Style

Osmund Chukwuma Enechi, Christian Chijioke Amah, Jacob Ikechukwu Okoro, Ursula Chidimma Obelenwa, Ernest Chinecherem Omeje, et al. Assessment of the Anti-inflammatory and Anti-oxidant Activities of Flavonoid-rich Fraction of Pleiocarpa mutica Leaves. Adv Biochem. 2022;10(1):25-34. doi: 10.11648/j.ab.20221001.14

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@article{10.11648/j.ab.20221001.14,
  author = {Osmund Chukwuma Enechi and Christian Chijioke Amah and Jacob Ikechukwu Okoro and Ursula Chidimma Obelenwa and Ernest Chinecherem Omeje and Emmanuella Nkechinyere Osondu and Chidimma Faith Ejikeme and Chidubem Francis Okoye and Sebastine Obiajulu Maduneme and Christabel Ebube Festus and Nnadike Henry Okafor},
  title = {Assessment of the Anti-inflammatory and Anti-oxidant Activities of Flavonoid-rich Fraction of Pleiocarpa mutica Leaves},
  journal = {Advances in Biochemistry},
  volume = {10},
  number = {1},
  pages = {25-34},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ab.20221001.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ab.20221001.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ab.20221001.14},
  abstract = {Pleiocarpa mutica is a medicinal plant that is native to large areas of tropical Africa and belongs to the family of Apocynaceae. It is a medicinal herb used in traditional Nigerian medicine to treat a variety of diseases, including inflammatory disorders. The present study investigated the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects of flavonoid-rich fraction of Pleiocarpa mutica leaves (FRFPML) using both in-vivo and in-vitro based assays. A total of thirty (30) adult male albino rats (110-150g) were divided into five (5) groups of six (6) rats each for the in-vivo anti-inflammatory assay. Group 1 untreated; Group 2 was given 10 mg/kg body weight of Indomethacin and Groups 3, 4 and 5 were given 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg body weight of FRFPML respectively. Tannins, phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids and saponins were found in varied amounts in the plant secondary metabolites according to quantitative analysis. The extract demonstrated no harm in an acute toxicity assay when dosed up to 5000 mg/kg b.w. Scalar dosages of the FRFPML significantly (p2 in a concentration-dependent manner, causing inhibition comparable to that of the standard anti-inflammatory drug used. The extract at different concentrations (0.2-0.8 mg/ml), significantly (p2O2 (hydrogen peroxide) radical scavenging activities in a concentration-dependent manner similar to the standard antioxidant ascorbic acid used. Results from the study revealed that the FRFPML exhibited remarkable anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activity.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Assessment of the Anti-inflammatory and Anti-oxidant Activities of Flavonoid-rich Fraction of Pleiocarpa mutica Leaves
AU  - Osmund Chukwuma Enechi
AU  - Christian Chijioke Amah
AU  - Jacob Ikechukwu Okoro
AU  - Ursula Chidimma Obelenwa
AU  - Ernest Chinecherem Omeje
AU  - Emmanuella Nkechinyere Osondu
AU  - Chidimma Faith Ejikeme
AU  - Chidubem Francis Okoye
AU  - Sebastine Obiajulu Maduneme
AU  - Christabel Ebube Festus
AU  - Nnadike Henry Okafor
Y1  - 2022/02/09
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ab.20221001.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.ab.20221001.14
T2  - Advances in Biochemistry
JF  - Advances in Biochemistry
JO  - Advances in Biochemistry
SP  - 25
EP  - 34
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2329-0862
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ab.20221001.14
AB  - Pleiocarpa mutica is a medicinal plant that is native to large areas of tropical Africa and belongs to the family of Apocynaceae. It is a medicinal herb used in traditional Nigerian medicine to treat a variety of diseases, including inflammatory disorders. The present study investigated the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects of flavonoid-rich fraction of Pleiocarpa mutica leaves (FRFPML) using both in-vivo and in-vitro based assays. A total of thirty (30) adult male albino rats (110-150g) were divided into five (5) groups of six (6) rats each for the in-vivo anti-inflammatory assay. Group 1 untreated; Group 2 was given 10 mg/kg body weight of Indomethacin and Groups 3, 4 and 5 were given 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg body weight of FRFPML respectively. Tannins, phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids and saponins were found in varied amounts in the plant secondary metabolites according to quantitative analysis. The extract demonstrated no harm in an acute toxicity assay when dosed up to 5000 mg/kg b.w. Scalar dosages of the FRFPML significantly (p2 in a concentration-dependent manner, causing inhibition comparable to that of the standard anti-inflammatory drug used. The extract at different concentrations (0.2-0.8 mg/ml), significantly (p2O2 (hydrogen peroxide) radical scavenging activities in a concentration-dependent manner similar to the standard antioxidant ascorbic acid used. Results from the study revealed that the FRFPML exhibited remarkable anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activity.
VL  - 10
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Osmund Chukwuma Enechi

Pharamacological Biochemistry Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
Christian Chijioke Amah

Pharamacological Biochemistry Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
Jacob Ikechukwu Okoro

Medical Parasitology, Toxicology and Drug Development Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
Ursula Chidimma Obelenwa

Department of Microbiology, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Nigeria
Ernest Chinecherem Omeje

Pharamacological Biochemistry Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
Emmanuella Nkechinyere Osondu

Pharamacological Biochemistry Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
Chidimma Faith Ejikeme

Pharamacological Biochemistry Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
Chidubem Francis Okoye

Pharamacological Biochemistry Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
Sebastine Obiajulu Maduneme

Pharamacological Biochemistry Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
Christabel Ebube Festus

Pharamacological Biochemistry Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
Nnadike Henry Okafor

Pharamacological Biochemistry Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria

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Osmund Chukwuma Enechi, Christian Chijioke Amah, Jacob Ikechukwu Okoro, Ursula Chidimma Obelenwa, Ernest Chinecherem Omeje, et al. (2022). Assessment of the Anti-inflammatory and Anti-oxidant Activities of Flavonoid-rich Fraction of Pleiocarpa mutica Leaves. Advances in Biochemistry, 10(1), 25-34. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ab.20221001.14

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ACS Style

Osmund Chukwuma Enechi; Christian Chijioke Amah; Jacob Ikechukwu Okoro; Ursula Chidimma Obelenwa; Ernest Chinecherem Omeje, et al. Assessment of the Anti-inflammatory and Anti-oxidant Activities of Flavonoid-rich Fraction of Pleiocarpa mutica Leaves. Adv. Biochem. 2022, 10(1), 25-34. doi: 10.11648/j.ab.20221001.14

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AMA Style

Osmund Chukwuma Enechi, Christian Chijioke Amah, Jacob Ikechukwu Okoro, Ursula Chidimma Obelenwa, Ernest Chinecherem Omeje, et al. Assessment of the Anti-inflammatory and Anti-oxidant Activities of Flavonoid-rich Fraction of Pleiocarpa mutica Leaves. Adv Biochem. 2022;10(1):25-34. doi: 10.11648/j.ab.20221001.14

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@article{10.11648/j.ab.20221001.14,
  author = {Osmund Chukwuma Enechi and Christian Chijioke Amah and Jacob Ikechukwu Okoro and Ursula Chidimma Obelenwa and Ernest Chinecherem Omeje and Emmanuella Nkechinyere Osondu and Chidimma Faith Ejikeme and Chidubem Francis Okoye and Sebastine Obiajulu Maduneme and Christabel Ebube Festus and Nnadike Henry Okafor},
  title = {Assessment of the Anti-inflammatory and Anti-oxidant Activities of Flavonoid-rich Fraction of Pleiocarpa mutica Leaves},
  journal = {Advances in Biochemistry},
  volume = {10},
  number = {1},
  pages = {25-34},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ab.20221001.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ab.20221001.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ab.20221001.14},
  abstract = {Pleiocarpa mutica is a medicinal plant that is native to large areas of tropical Africa and belongs to the family of Apocynaceae. It is a medicinal herb used in traditional Nigerian medicine to treat a variety of diseases, including inflammatory disorders. The present study investigated the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects of flavonoid-rich fraction of Pleiocarpa mutica leaves (FRFPML) using both in-vivo and in-vitro based assays. A total of thirty (30) adult male albino rats (110-150g) were divided into five (5) groups of six (6) rats each for the in-vivo anti-inflammatory assay. Group 1 untreated; Group 2 was given 10 mg/kg body weight of Indomethacin and Groups 3, 4 and 5 were given 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg body weight of FRFPML respectively. Tannins, phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids and saponins were found in varied amounts in the plant secondary metabolites according to quantitative analysis. The extract demonstrated no harm in an acute toxicity assay when dosed up to 5000 mg/kg b.w. Scalar dosages of the FRFPML significantly (p2 in a concentration-dependent manner, causing inhibition comparable to that of the standard anti-inflammatory drug used. The extract at different concentrations (0.2-0.8 mg/ml), significantly (p2O2 (hydrogen peroxide) radical scavenging activities in a concentration-dependent manner similar to the standard antioxidant ascorbic acid used. Results from the study revealed that the FRFPML exhibited remarkable anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activity.},
 year = {2022}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Assessment of the Anti-inflammatory and Anti-oxidant Activities of Flavonoid-rich Fraction of Pleiocarpa mutica Leaves
AU  - Osmund Chukwuma Enechi
AU  - Christian Chijioke Amah
AU  - Jacob Ikechukwu Okoro
AU  - Ursula Chidimma Obelenwa
AU  - Ernest Chinecherem Omeje
AU  - Emmanuella Nkechinyere Osondu
AU  - Chidimma Faith Ejikeme
AU  - Chidubem Francis Okoye
AU  - Sebastine Obiajulu Maduneme
AU  - Christabel Ebube Festus
AU  - Nnadike Henry Okafor
Y1  - 2022/02/09
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ab.20221001.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.ab.20221001.14
T2  - Advances in Biochemistry
JF  - Advances in Biochemistry
JO  - Advances in Biochemistry
SP  - 25
EP  - 34
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2329-0862
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ab.20221001.14
AB  - Pleiocarpa mutica is a medicinal plant that is native to large areas of tropical Africa and belongs to the family of Apocynaceae. It is a medicinal herb used in traditional Nigerian medicine to treat a variety of diseases, including inflammatory disorders. The present study investigated the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects of flavonoid-rich fraction of Pleiocarpa mutica leaves (FRFPML) using both in-vivo and in-vitro based assays. A total of thirty (30) adult male albino rats (110-150g) were divided into five (5) groups of six (6) rats each for the in-vivo anti-inflammatory assay. Group 1 untreated; Group 2 was given 10 mg/kg body weight of Indomethacin and Groups 3, 4 and 5 were given 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg body weight of FRFPML respectively. Tannins, phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids and saponins were found in varied amounts in the plant secondary metabolites according to quantitative analysis. The extract demonstrated no harm in an acute toxicity assay when dosed up to 5000 mg/kg b.w. Scalar dosages of the FRFPML significantly (p2 in a concentration-dependent manner, causing inhibition comparable to that of the standard anti-inflammatory drug used. The extract at different concentrations (0.2-0.8 mg/ml), significantly (p2O2 (hydrogen peroxide) radical scavenging activities in a concentration-dependent manner similar to the standard antioxidant ascorbic acid used. Results from the study revealed that the FRFPML exhibited remarkable anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activity.
VL  - 10
IS  - 1
ER  -

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