COVID-19 is an epidemic virus infection that is ravaging the world today. There are no pre-existing immunity and People were easily infected by this virus known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) which caused Covid-19 (CDC, 2020). According to available data, the COVID-19 virus transmits most easily amongst people who are in proximity, typically within some feet (6) or meters. In this paper, we present the Susceptible – Exposed – Infected-Recovered (SEIR) epidemic model for the dynamics of COVID-19 outbreak and its optimal control in Nigeria. SEIR is characterized by a system of four non-linear differential equations. We established the existence and uniqueness of solutions of these equations. Using Nigeria’s COVID-19 data, we computed the basic reproduction number of the system. Further, an optimal control approach is performed to study the effect of control measure against the spread of the virus, the control level which minimizes the spread and optimal value of the control which maximizes the objective function. Through the application of Pontryagin’s Maximum Principle, we determined how the spread of the virus could be suppressed. The investigation shows that an effective strategy in combating the Covid-19 epidemic is adhering to the dictates of the control measures.
| Published in | American Journal of Applied Mathematics (Volume 11, Issue 2) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ajam.20231102.12 |
| Page(s) | 23-31 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
SEIR Model, COVID-19, Pontryagin Maximum Principle, Basic Reproduction Number, Optimal Control
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APA Style
Emmanuel Nwaeze, Sunday Nwokpoku Aloke, Louis Omenyi, Michael Uchenna. (2023). Optimal Control of COVID-19: Examining the Incidence of Contamination and Its Recurrence in Nigeria. American Journal of Applied Mathematics, 11(2), 23-31. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajam.20231102.12
ACS Style
Emmanuel Nwaeze; Sunday Nwokpoku Aloke; Louis Omenyi; Michael Uchenna. Optimal Control of COVID-19: Examining the Incidence of Contamination and Its Recurrence in Nigeria. Am. J. Appl. Math. 2023, 11(2), 23-31. doi: 10.11648/j.ajam.20231102.12
AMA Style
Emmanuel Nwaeze, Sunday Nwokpoku Aloke, Louis Omenyi, Michael Uchenna. Optimal Control of COVID-19: Examining the Incidence of Contamination and Its Recurrence in Nigeria. Am J Appl Math. 2023;11(2):23-31. doi: 10.11648/j.ajam.20231102.12
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Download@article{10.11648/j.ajam.20231102.12,
author = {Emmanuel Nwaeze and Sunday Nwokpoku Aloke and Louis Omenyi and Michael Uchenna},
title = {Optimal Control of COVID-19: Examining the Incidence of Contamination and Its Recurrence in Nigeria},
journal = {American Journal of Applied Mathematics},
volume = {11},
number = {2},
pages = {23-31},
doi = {10.11648/j.ajam.20231102.12},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajam.20231102.12},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajam.20231102.12},
abstract = {COVID-19 is an epidemic virus infection that is ravaging the world today. There are no pre-existing immunity and People were easily infected by this virus known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) which caused Covid-19 (CDC, 2020). According to available data, the COVID-19 virus transmits most easily amongst people who are in proximity, typically within some feet (6) or meters. In this paper, we present the Susceptible – Exposed – Infected-Recovered (SEIR) epidemic model for the dynamics of COVID-19 outbreak and its optimal control in Nigeria. SEIR is characterized by a system of four non-linear differential equations. We established the existence and uniqueness of solutions of these equations. Using Nigeria’s COVID-19 data, we computed the basic reproduction number of the system. Further, an optimal control approach is performed to study the effect of control measure against the spread of the virus, the control level which minimizes the spread and optimal value of the control which maximizes the objective function. Through the application of Pontryagin’s Maximum Principle, we determined how the spread of the virus could be suppressed. The investigation shows that an effective strategy in combating the Covid-19 epidemic is adhering to the dictates of the control measures.},
year = {2023}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Optimal Control of COVID-19: Examining the Incidence of Contamination and Its Recurrence in Nigeria AU - Emmanuel Nwaeze AU - Sunday Nwokpoku Aloke AU - Louis Omenyi AU - Michael Uchenna Y1 - 2023/06/05 PY - 2023 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajam.20231102.12 DO - 10.11648/j.ajam.20231102.12 T2 - American Journal of Applied Mathematics JF - American Journal of Applied Mathematics JO - American Journal of Applied Mathematics SP - 23 EP - 31 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2330-006X UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajam.20231102.12 AB - COVID-19 is an epidemic virus infection that is ravaging the world today. There are no pre-existing immunity and People were easily infected by this virus known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) which caused Covid-19 (CDC, 2020). According to available data, the COVID-19 virus transmits most easily amongst people who are in proximity, typically within some feet (6) or meters. In this paper, we present the Susceptible – Exposed – Infected-Recovered (SEIR) epidemic model for the dynamics of COVID-19 outbreak and its optimal control in Nigeria. SEIR is characterized by a system of four non-linear differential equations. We established the existence and uniqueness of solutions of these equations. Using Nigeria’s COVID-19 data, we computed the basic reproduction number of the system. Further, an optimal control approach is performed to study the effect of control measure against the spread of the virus, the control level which minimizes the spread and optimal value of the control which maximizes the objective function. Through the application of Pontryagin’s Maximum Principle, we determined how the spread of the virus could be suppressed. The investigation shows that an effective strategy in combating the Covid-19 epidemic is adhering to the dictates of the control measures. VL - 11 IS - 2 ER -
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