Study of Electrochemical Behavior of Drug Interaction Between Azithromycin and Hydroxychloroquine on Carbon Paste Modified Metal Film Electrode and Local Clay

Bakary Tigana Djonse Justin; Alfred Sisinvou; Bopda Aurelien; Zang Akono Adam Ramses; Paul Nestor Djomou Djonga

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajcbe.20250902.11

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Study of Electrochemical Behavior of Drug Interaction Between Azithromycin and Hydroxychloroquine on Carbon Paste Modified Metal Film Electrode and Local Clay

Bakary Tigana Djonse Justin^*, Alfred Sisinvou, Bopda Aurelien, Zang Akono Adam Ramses, Paul Nestor Djomou Djonga

Published in American Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering (Volume 9, Issue 2)

Received: 8 July 2025 Accepted: 18 July 2025 Published: 27 October 2025

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Abstract

In this study, a carbon graphite-clay paste electrode (CPEA) was proposed to study the electrochemical behavior of drugs such as azithromycin (AZI) and hydroxychloroquine (HYC). The electrochemical analysis was carried out by cyclic voltammetry (VC) in the potential range [-0.03; 0.35 V], in a phosphate buffer solution (0.1 M; pH = 6.4). It is in this logic that before the elaboration of the carbon graphite-clay composite, the clay powder was prepared and its structural and textural properties were examined by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results indicate that the electrode was effectively modified. The electrode was then subjected to electroanalysis at the same concentrations (3 mM) for individual and combined AZI, HYC, and AZI+HYC. However, in the presence of analyte, the phenomena are irreversible, with oxidation phenomena dominating. The electroactivity of the drugs used concerns the hydroxyl groups, observed around 0.18 V. Furthermore, an interaction study in the analytical application was conducted and it was found that the electroanalytical method used can be well adopted for the simultaneous electrochemical detection of HYC and AZI.

Published in	American Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering (Volume 9, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajcbe.20250902.11
Page(s)	48-56
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Graphite, Clay, Azithromycin, Hydroxychloroquine, Electroanalysis

References

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APA Style

Justin, B. T. D., Sisinvou, A., Aurelien, B., Ramses, Z. A. A., Djonga, P. N. D. (2025). Study of Electrochemical Behavior of Drug Interaction Between Azithromycin and Hydroxychloroquine on Carbon Paste Modified Metal Film Electrode and Local Clay. American Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, 9(2), 48-56. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcbe.20250902.11

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ACS Style

Justin, B. T. D.; Sisinvou, A.; Aurelien, B.; Ramses, Z. A. A.; Djonga, P. N. D. Study of Electrochemical Behavior of Drug Interaction Between Azithromycin and Hydroxychloroquine on Carbon Paste Modified Metal Film Electrode and Local Clay. Am. J. Chem. Biochem. Eng. 2025, 9(2), 48-56. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcbe.20250902.11

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AMA Style

Justin BTD, Sisinvou A, Aurelien B, Ramses ZAA, Djonga PND. Study of Electrochemical Behavior of Drug Interaction Between Azithromycin and Hydroxychloroquine on Carbon Paste Modified Metal Film Electrode and Local Clay. Am J Chem Biochem Eng. 2025;9(2):48-56. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcbe.20250902.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajcbe.20250902.11,
  author = {Bakary Tigana Djonse Justin and Alfred Sisinvou and Bopda Aurelien and Zang Akono Adam Ramses and Paul Nestor Djomou Djonga},
  title = {Study of Electrochemical Behavior of Drug Interaction Between Azithromycin and Hydroxychloroquine on Carbon Paste Modified Metal Film Electrode and Local Clay
},
  journal = {American Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering},
  volume = {9},
  number = {2},
  pages = {48-56},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajcbe.20250902.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcbe.20250902.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajcbe.20250902.11},
  abstract = {In this study, a carbon graphite-clay paste electrode (CPEA) was proposed to study the electrochemical behavior of drugs such as azithromycin (AZI) and hydroxychloroquine (HYC). The electrochemical analysis was carried out by cyclic voltammetry (VC) in the potential range [-0.03; 0.35 V], in a phosphate buffer solution (0.1 M; pH = 6.4). It is in this logic that before the elaboration of the carbon graphite-clay composite, the clay powder was prepared and its structural and textural properties were examined by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results indicate that the electrode was effectively modified. The electrode was then subjected to electroanalysis at the same concentrations (3 mM) for individual and combined AZI, HYC, and AZI+HYC. However, in the presence of analyte, the phenomena are irreversible, with oxidation phenomena dominating. The electroactivity of the drugs used concerns the hydroxyl groups, observed around 0.18 V. Furthermore, an interaction study in the analytical application was conducted and it was found that the electroanalytical method used can be well adopted for the simultaneous electrochemical detection of HYC and AZI.
},
 year = {2025}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Study of Electrochemical Behavior of Drug Interaction Between Azithromycin and Hydroxychloroquine on Carbon Paste Modified Metal Film Electrode and Local Clay

AU  - Bakary Tigana Djonse Justin
AU  - Alfred Sisinvou
AU  - Bopda Aurelien
AU  - Zang Akono Adam Ramses
AU  - Paul Nestor Djomou Djonga
Y1  - 2025/10/27
PY  - 2025
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcbe.20250902.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajcbe.20250902.11
T2  - American Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering
SP  - 48
EP  - 56
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2639-9989
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcbe.20250902.11
AB  - In this study, a carbon graphite-clay paste electrode (CPEA) was proposed to study the electrochemical behavior of drugs such as azithromycin (AZI) and hydroxychloroquine (HYC). The electrochemical analysis was carried out by cyclic voltammetry (VC) in the potential range [-0.03; 0.35 V], in a phosphate buffer solution (0.1 M; pH = 6.4). It is in this logic that before the elaboration of the carbon graphite-clay composite, the clay powder was prepared and its structural and textural properties were examined by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results indicate that the electrode was effectively modified. The electrode was then subjected to electroanalysis at the same concentrations (3 mM) for individual and combined AZI, HYC, and AZI+HYC. However, in the presence of analyte, the phenomena are irreversible, with oxidation phenomena dominating. The electroactivity of the drugs used concerns the hydroxyl groups, observed around 0.18 V. Furthermore, an interaction study in the analytical application was conducted and it was found that the electroanalytical method used can be well adopted for the simultaneous electrochemical detection of HYC and AZI.

VL  - 9
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Bakary Tigana Djonse Justin

Department of Mineral Process Engineering, University of Bertoua, Bertoua, Cameroon

Contact Email
Alfred Sisinvou

Department of Chemistry, University of Maroua, Maroua, Cameroon
Bopda Aurelien

Department of Mineral Process Engineering, University of Bertoua, Bertoua, Cameroon
Zang Akono Adam Ramses

Department of Chemistry, University of Maroua, Maroua, Cameroon
Paul Nestor Djomou Djonga

Department of Textile and Leather Engineering, University of Maroua, Maroua, Cameroon

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APA Style

Justin, B. T. D., Sisinvou, A., Aurelien, B., Ramses, Z. A. A., Djonga, P. N. D. (2025). Study of Electrochemical Behavior of Drug Interaction Between Azithromycin and Hydroxychloroquine on Carbon Paste Modified Metal Film Electrode and Local Clay. American Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, 9(2), 48-56. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcbe.20250902.11

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ACS Style

Justin, B. T. D.; Sisinvou, A.; Aurelien, B.; Ramses, Z. A. A.; Djonga, P. N. D. Study of Electrochemical Behavior of Drug Interaction Between Azithromycin and Hydroxychloroquine on Carbon Paste Modified Metal Film Electrode and Local Clay. Am. J. Chem. Biochem. Eng. 2025, 9(2), 48-56. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcbe.20250902.11

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AMA Style

Justin BTD, Sisinvou A, Aurelien B, Ramses ZAA, Djonga PND. Study of Electrochemical Behavior of Drug Interaction Between Azithromycin and Hydroxychloroquine on Carbon Paste Modified Metal Film Electrode and Local Clay. Am J Chem Biochem Eng. 2025;9(2):48-56. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcbe.20250902.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajcbe.20250902.11,
  author = {Bakary Tigana Djonse Justin and Alfred Sisinvou and Bopda Aurelien and Zang Akono Adam Ramses and Paul Nestor Djomou Djonga},
  title = {Study of Electrochemical Behavior of Drug Interaction Between Azithromycin and Hydroxychloroquine on Carbon Paste Modified Metal Film Electrode and Local Clay
},
  journal = {American Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering},
  volume = {9},
  number = {2},
  pages = {48-56},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajcbe.20250902.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcbe.20250902.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajcbe.20250902.11},
  abstract = {In this study, a carbon graphite-clay paste electrode (CPEA) was proposed to study the electrochemical behavior of drugs such as azithromycin (AZI) and hydroxychloroquine (HYC). The electrochemical analysis was carried out by cyclic voltammetry (VC) in the potential range [-0.03; 0.35 V], in a phosphate buffer solution (0.1 M; pH = 6.4). It is in this logic that before the elaboration of the carbon graphite-clay composite, the clay powder was prepared and its structural and textural properties were examined by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results indicate that the electrode was effectively modified. The electrode was then subjected to electroanalysis at the same concentrations (3 mM) for individual and combined AZI, HYC, and AZI+HYC. However, in the presence of analyte, the phenomena are irreversible, with oxidation phenomena dominating. The electroactivity of the drugs used concerns the hydroxyl groups, observed around 0.18 V. Furthermore, an interaction study in the analytical application was conducted and it was found that the electroanalytical method used can be well adopted for the simultaneous electrochemical detection of HYC and AZI.
},
 year = {2025}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Study of Electrochemical Behavior of Drug Interaction Between Azithromycin and Hydroxychloroquine on Carbon Paste Modified Metal Film Electrode and Local Clay

AU  - Bakary Tigana Djonse Justin
AU  - Alfred Sisinvou
AU  - Bopda Aurelien
AU  - Zang Akono Adam Ramses
AU  - Paul Nestor Djomou Djonga
Y1  - 2025/10/27
PY  - 2025
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcbe.20250902.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajcbe.20250902.11
T2  - American Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering
SP  - 48
EP  - 56
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2639-9989
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcbe.20250902.11
AB  - In this study, a carbon graphite-clay paste electrode (CPEA) was proposed to study the electrochemical behavior of drugs such as azithromycin (AZI) and hydroxychloroquine (HYC). The electrochemical analysis was carried out by cyclic voltammetry (VC) in the potential range [-0.03; 0.35 V], in a phosphate buffer solution (0.1 M; pH = 6.4). It is in this logic that before the elaboration of the carbon graphite-clay composite, the clay powder was prepared and its structural and textural properties were examined by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results indicate that the electrode was effectively modified. The electrode was then subjected to electroanalysis at the same concentrations (3 mM) for individual and combined AZI, HYC, and AZI+HYC. However, in the presence of analyte, the phenomena are irreversible, with oxidation phenomena dominating. The electroactivity of the drugs used concerns the hydroxyl groups, observed around 0.18 V. Furthermore, an interaction study in the analytical application was conducted and it was found that the electroanalytical method used can be well adopted for the simultaneous electrochemical detection of HYC and AZI.

VL  - 9
IS  - 2
ER  -

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