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Comparison of Various Bracing System for Self-Supporting Steel Lattice Structure Towers

Received: 27 December 2016     Accepted: 7 January 2017     Published: 4 February 2017
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Abstract

This paper deals with the effectiveness of various bracing systems used in lattice towers. Seven types of bracings used in 4-legged square based self-supporting power transmission and telecommunication towers and four types of bracings used in 3-leg triangular based self-supporting telecommunication towers are analyzed. The investigated bracing systems are K, KD, Y, YD, D, XB and X. This study has focused on identifying the economical bracing system for a given range of tower heights. Towers of height 40 to 60 m for telecommunication and 35 m for transmission towers have been analyzed under critical loads such as wind and earthquake loads. The load cases include diagonal wind has been found to be most critical cases for towers. The performance of various bracing system has been identified and reported.

Published in American Journal of Civil Engineering (Volume 5, Issue 2)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajce.20170502.11
Page(s) 60-68
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Transmission Tower, Telecommunication Tower, Bracing System, Lattice Tower, Nonlinear Analysis, Load Cases, Self-Supporting Tower

References
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[4] Siddesha, H. (2010). Wind Analysis of Microwave Antenna Towers. International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, 1, p.574-584.
[5] Kemp, A. R., & Behncke, R. H. (1998). Behavior of Cross-Bracing in Latticed Towers, Journal of Structural Engineering, 124, 360-367.
[6] Albermani, F., Mahendran, M., & Kitipornchai, S. (2004). Upgrading of transmission towers using a diaphragm bracing system. Engineering Structures, 26, 735-744.
[7] Albermani, F., S. Kitipornchai, and R. W. K. Chan. (2009). Failure analysis of transmission towers. Engineering Failure Analysis, 16, 1922-1928.
[8] Alam, M. J., & Santhakumar, A. R. (1996). Reliability analysis and full-scale testing of transmission tower. Journal of Structural Engineering, 122 (3), 338-344.
[9] Moon, B. W., Park, J. H., Lee, S. K., Kim, J., Kim, T., & Min, K. W. (2009). Performance evaluation of a transmission tower by substructure test. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 65, 1-11.
[10] Albermani, F., Mahendran, M., & Kitipornchai, S. (2004). Upgrading of transmission towers using a diaphragm bracing system. Engineering Structures, 26 (6), 735-744.
[11] Xie, Q., Yan, Q., & Li, J. (2006). Effects of Diaphragm on Wind Resistant Design of Power Transmission Towers [J]. High Voltage Engineering, 4, 000.
[12] Qiang, X., Zhao-dong, D. I. N. G., Gui-feng, Z. H. A. O., & Jie, L. (2009). Wind resistant analysis of power transmission tower with different diaphragm arrangements. High Voltage Engineering, 35 (3), 683-687.
[13] American tower. Collocation Considerations & Best Practices for Financial Services Organizations. A structural engineering perspective. Available at: http://www.americantower.com/Assets/uploads/files/PDFs/American_Tower_Financial_Services_Collocation_Best_Practices.pdf. Accessed 2016.
[14] ASCE. Design of latticed steel transmission structures. Virginia: ASCE 10–97; 2000.
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[17] TOWER (2013). Power Line System, Inc ©.
[18] Silva, J. D., Vellasco, P. D. S., Andrade, S. D., & Oliveira, M. D. (2002). An evaluation of structural steel design systems for transmission and telecommunication towers. In Proceedings of International IASS Symposium «Lightweight Structures in Civil E.
[19] Da Silva, J. G. S., Vellasco, P. D. S., De Andrade, S. A. L., & De Oliveira, M. I. R. (2005). Structural assessment of current steel design models for transmission and telecommunication towers. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 61, 1108-1134.
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Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Abdulaqder M. Tah, Kamiran M. Alsilevanai, Mustafa Özakça. (2017). Comparison of Various Bracing System for Self-Supporting Steel Lattice Structure Towers. American Journal of Civil Engineering, 5(2), 60-68. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20170502.11

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    ACS Style

    Abdulaqder M. Tah; Kamiran M. Alsilevanai; Mustafa Özakça. Comparison of Various Bracing System for Self-Supporting Steel Lattice Structure Towers. Am. J. Civ. Eng. 2017, 5(2), 60-68. doi: 10.11648/j.ajce.20170502.11

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    AMA Style

    Abdulaqder M. Tah, Kamiran M. Alsilevanai, Mustafa Özakça. Comparison of Various Bracing System for Self-Supporting Steel Lattice Structure Towers. Am J Civ Eng. 2017;5(2):60-68. doi: 10.11648/j.ajce.20170502.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajce.20170502.11,
      author = {Abdulaqder M. Tah and Kamiran M. Alsilevanai and Mustafa Özakça},
      title = {Comparison of Various Bracing System for Self-Supporting Steel Lattice Structure Towers},
      journal = {American Journal of Civil Engineering},
      volume = {5},
      number = {2},
      pages = {60-68},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajce.20170502.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20170502.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajce.20170502.11},
      abstract = {This paper deals with the effectiveness of various bracing systems used in lattice towers. Seven types of bracings used in 4-legged square based self-supporting power transmission and telecommunication towers and four types of bracings used in 3-leg triangular based self-supporting telecommunication towers are analyzed. The investigated bracing systems are K, KD, Y, YD, D, XB and X. This study has focused on identifying the economical bracing system for a given range of tower heights. Towers of height 40 to 60 m for telecommunication and 35 m for transmission towers have been analyzed under critical loads such as wind and earthquake loads. The load cases include diagonal wind has been found to be most critical cases for towers. The performance of various bracing system has been identified and reported.},
     year = {2017}
    }
    

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    T1  - Comparison of Various Bracing System for Self-Supporting Steel Lattice Structure Towers
    AU  - Abdulaqder M. Tah
    AU  - Kamiran M. Alsilevanai
    AU  - Mustafa Özakça
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    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajce.20170502.11
    T2  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
    JF  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
    JO  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
    SP  - 60
    EP  - 68
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-8737
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20170502.11
    AB  - This paper deals with the effectiveness of various bracing systems used in lattice towers. Seven types of bracings used in 4-legged square based self-supporting power transmission and telecommunication towers and four types of bracings used in 3-leg triangular based self-supporting telecommunication towers are analyzed. The investigated bracing systems are K, KD, Y, YD, D, XB and X. This study has focused on identifying the economical bracing system for a given range of tower heights. Towers of height 40 to 60 m for telecommunication and 35 m for transmission towers have been analyzed under critical loads such as wind and earthquake loads. The load cases include diagonal wind has been found to be most critical cases for towers. The performance of various bracing system has been identified and reported.
    VL  - 5
    IS  - 2
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Civil and Engineering, University of Gaziantep, Gaziantep, Turkey

  • Department of Civil and Engineering, University of Gaziantep, Gaziantep, Turkey

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