In general, pH-sensitive colorants such as phenolphthalein are applied on freshly split surfaces of building structures to determine the state of carbonation. For years, it has been known that the aerosols of phenolphthalein are suspected of being carcinogenic. Hence, more work has currently being done on alternative indicators for the use in research and the use on construction sites. Over the past years, mainly pH indicators from other research areas and natural dyes were investigated for their usability to cementitious systems. This paper presents the experimental results of using phenolphthalein solution bound in agar-agar gel. This gel-bound indicator allows the future use of the already known phenolphthalein dye without the health hazards for the user. To demonstrate the flexibility of the gel-bound colorant, different application forms of the indicator were carried out and assessed. In addition, the results obtained by the different methods were statistically evaluated to ensure validity. The accuracy of the results was confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis and IR spectroscopic studies as reference methods. It has also succeeded to demonstrate the comparability of the results achieved by the gel-bound colorant with the results of the common sprayed application method. As an additional gain in knowledge, comparative results of indicator tests, TGA analysis, and FTIR investigation are shown.
| Published in | American Journal of Civil Engineering (Volume 10, Issue 3) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ajce.20221003.16 |
| Page(s) | 135-144 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Concrete Carbonation, Gel-bound Colorants, pH Indicator, Thermal Gravimetric Analysis, FTIR-ATR Measurements
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APA Style
Nico Vogler, Jens Lehmann, Tatjana Bohlmann, Jens Kronemann. (2022). Gel-bound Colourants as a Substitute for the Sprayed Application of pH-Indicator Solution. American Journal of Civil Engineering, 10(3), 135-144. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20221003.16
ACS Style
Nico Vogler; Jens Lehmann; Tatjana Bohlmann; Jens Kronemann. Gel-bound Colourants as a Substitute for the Sprayed Application of pH-Indicator Solution. Am. J. Civ. Eng. 2022, 10(3), 135-144. doi: 10.11648/j.ajce.20221003.16
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Download@article{10.11648/j.ajce.20221003.16,
author = {Nico Vogler and Jens Lehmann and Tatjana Bohlmann and Jens Kronemann},
title = {Gel-bound Colourants as a Substitute for the Sprayed Application of pH-Indicator Solution},
journal = {American Journal of Civil Engineering},
volume = {10},
number = {3},
pages = {135-144},
doi = {10.11648/j.ajce.20221003.16},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20221003.16},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajce.20221003.16},
abstract = {In general, pH-sensitive colorants such as phenolphthalein are applied on freshly split surfaces of building structures to determine the state of carbonation. For years, it has been known that the aerosols of phenolphthalein are suspected of being carcinogenic. Hence, more work has currently being done on alternative indicators for the use in research and the use on construction sites. Over the past years, mainly pH indicators from other research areas and natural dyes were investigated for their usability to cementitious systems. This paper presents the experimental results of using phenolphthalein solution bound in agar-agar gel. This gel-bound indicator allows the future use of the already known phenolphthalein dye without the health hazards for the user. To demonstrate the flexibility of the gel-bound colorant, different application forms of the indicator were carried out and assessed. In addition, the results obtained by the different methods were statistically evaluated to ensure validity. The accuracy of the results was confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis and IR spectroscopic studies as reference methods. It has also succeeded to demonstrate the comparability of the results achieved by the gel-bound colorant with the results of the common sprayed application method. As an additional gain in knowledge, comparative results of indicator tests, TGA analysis, and FTIR investigation are shown.},
year = {2022}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Gel-bound Colourants as a Substitute for the Sprayed Application of pH-Indicator Solution AU - Nico Vogler AU - Jens Lehmann AU - Tatjana Bohlmann AU - Jens Kronemann Y1 - 2022/06/27 PY - 2022 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20221003.16 DO - 10.11648/j.ajce.20221003.16 T2 - American Journal of Civil Engineering JF - American Journal of Civil Engineering JO - American Journal of Civil Engineering SP - 135 EP - 144 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2330-8737 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20221003.16 AB - In general, pH-sensitive colorants such as phenolphthalein are applied on freshly split surfaces of building structures to determine the state of carbonation. For years, it has been known that the aerosols of phenolphthalein are suspected of being carcinogenic. Hence, more work has currently being done on alternative indicators for the use in research and the use on construction sites. Over the past years, mainly pH indicators from other research areas and natural dyes were investigated for their usability to cementitious systems. This paper presents the experimental results of using phenolphthalein solution bound in agar-agar gel. This gel-bound indicator allows the future use of the already known phenolphthalein dye without the health hazards for the user. To demonstrate the flexibility of the gel-bound colorant, different application forms of the indicator were carried out and assessed. In addition, the results obtained by the different methods were statistically evaluated to ensure validity. The accuracy of the results was confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis and IR spectroscopic studies as reference methods. It has also succeeded to demonstrate the comparability of the results achieved by the gel-bound colorant with the results of the common sprayed application method. As an additional gain in knowledge, comparative results of indicator tests, TGA analysis, and FTIR investigation are shown. VL - 10 IS - 3 ER -
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