Diagnostic Study of Planting Time on Sorghum Stalk Borer Infestation and Damage in West Hararghe, Oromia Region, Ethiopia

Abdela Usmael; Abubaker Terbush; Gebeyehu Chala; Kinde Lamessa

doi:doi:10.11648/j.aje.20180204.12

| Peer-Reviewed

Diagnostic Study of Planting Time on Sorghum Stalk Borer Infestation and Damage in West Hararghe, Oromia Region, Ethiopia

Abdela Usmael, Abubaker Terbush, Gebeyehu Chala, Kinde Lamessa

Published in American Journal of Entomology (Volume 2, Issue 4)

Received: 30 October 2018 Accepted: 5 December 2018 Published: 22 January 2019

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

Sorghum is the first most important cereal crop in West Hararghe. However, national figure of grain production still remains below than the world's average grain production per unit area due to different biotic and a biotic factor. Among the biotic factors, stalk borer was considered to be the most important insect pests of sorghum and maize in all areas of the country. As a management option different scholars were recommended sowing date. But there was conflicting report on the relationship between sowing time and borer infestation and damage. It was very crucial to identify the better days of sowing in the zone to reduce pest infestation and increase yield of the crop. Thus, this experiment was designed to evaluate the effect of sowing date on infestation of sorghum stalk borer. Chiro varieties was used for experimentation and sown at seven days interval for six weeks starting from 1^st onset of rainfall. The treatments were arranged by RCBD design with three replications. Each treatment had a control plot that treated with insecticide chemicals such as carbaryle powders and Alpha cypermethrine. Based on combined analysis results, mean percent infestation was not shown significant variation (P<0.05) over location but highly significant at (P< 0.001) over years. The percent stalk borer incidence on untreated treatment was shown highly significant at (P< 0.001) on both over years and over location. Length of the feeding tunnel and exit holes in sorghum stem and leaves were significantly higher in earlier planted crop than delayed sorghum. As a general, chemicals treatment with early planting double the grain yield at Hirna sub site but, based on pest infestation status late planting was recommended at both location (Mechara and Hirna) to reduce pest infestation and damage.

Published in	American Journal of Entomology (Volume 2, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.aje.20180204.12
Page(s)	42-47
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L), Chiro, Sowing Date, B. Fusca and C. Partellus

References

[1]	Addis Tadesse Tekle. 2016. Assessment on Distribution, Biology and Management of Maize Stem Borer (Busseola fusca Fuller) in Ethiopia Vol.6, No.5, 115.
[2]	Alata ud P. - . hu a P.O. anjo a . e u . ilvain .-F. Fr rot, B. 2008. Importance of plant physical cues in host acceptance for oviposition by Busseola fusca. Entomol. Exp. Appl., 126, 233–243.
[3]	Boeke SJ, Baumgart IR, Van loon JJA. 2004. Toxicity and repellence of African plants traditionally used for the protection of stored cowpea against Callosobruchus maculatus. J. Stored Prod. Res. 40:423–438.
[4]	Buddhi Bahadur Achhami1, Santa Bahadur BK1 and Ghana Shyam Bhandari1. 2015. Assessment of maize stem borer damages on hybrid maizevarieties in Chitwan, Nepal p 53-63.
[5]	Chinwada, P. and Overholt, W.A. 2001. Natural enemies of maize stem borers on the highveld of Zimbabwe. African Entomology, 9: 67-75.
[6]	CSA (Central Statistics Agency). 2012. Report on Area and Production of Crops of Central Statistics Agency. Central Statistics Agency, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
[7]	Erica Chernoh. 2014. Sorghum stem borers Busseola fusca, Chilo partellus, Sesamia calamistis. Africa soil Health consortium. africasoilhealth.cabi.org/wpcms/wp-content/.../02/47-cereals-maize-stalk-borers.pdf.
[8]	FAO. 2005. Food Insecurity in the World - Food and Agriculture Organization of the ... www.fao.org/3/a-a0200e.pdf.
[9]	FAOSTAT. 2006. Database of agricultural production. FAO Statistical Databases (FAOSTAT). http://faostat.fao.org/default.aspx.
[10]	ISU (Iowa State University). 2012. Field Crop Insects. Iowa Soybean Association, p 4-5.
[11]	JEPSON, W.F., 1954. A critical review of the world literature on the lepidopterous stalk borers of tropical graminaceous crops. London, Commonw. Inst. Ent., 127 pp.
[12]	Lucius Joseph Bamaiyi* and Oniemayin Modupe Ifejeola Joan. 2011. Management of stem borers on some quality protein maize varieties. Department of Crop Protection, Institute for Agricultural Research, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria. Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol. 56, No. 3, P 197-205.
[13]	Melaku W, Gashawbeza A .1993. Determination of the relative abundance and dynamics of stem borers species on sorghum. In: Proceedings of the joint conference EPC/CEE, 5-6 March 1992. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. p. 26.
[14]	Melaku W, Fritz S, Kairu E, Charles O .2006. Cereal yield losses caused by lepidopterous stem borers at different nitrogen fertilizers rates in Ethiopia. J. App. Entom. 130:220-229.
[15]	Nyukuri R.W; Kirui S.C; Cheramgoi E; Chirchir E and Mwale R. 2014. Damage of stem borer species to Zea mays L., Sorghum bicolor L. and Refugia graminae, Africa Journal of Food Science and Technology, 5(2): 37-45.
[16]	Overiholt. W. A., K. V. N. Mnes muf and R. Goebel. 2001. Fieild Guide to. the - S em borer Larvae of Maize, Sorghwm and Sugarca:ne in Eastern arnd Southern Africa.
[17]	Sharma, P.N., and Gautam, P. 2010. Assessment of yield loss in maize due to attack by the maize borer, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe). Nepal Journal of Science and Technology, 11, 25-30.
[18]	Seshu Reddy KV. 1998. Maize and sorghum: East Africa. See Ref. 150, pp. 25–27.
[19]	Songa, J.M., Guofa, Z. and Overholt, W.A., 2001. Relationships of stem borer damage and plant physiological conditions of eastern Kenya. Insect Science and its Application,21(3): 243-249.
[20]	Rami Kfir, W. A. Overholt, Z. R. Khan, and A. Polaszek.2002. Biology and management of economically important lepidopteran cereal stem borers in Africa. Annu. Rev. Entomol.47:701–31.
[21]	Walker, P.T.1960. Insecticide studies on the maize stalk borer, Busseola fusca (Fuller), in East Africa. Bulletin of Entomological Research 51(2):321-351.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Abdela Usmael, Abubaker Terbush, Gebeyehu Chala, Kinde Lamessa. (2019). Diagnostic Study of Planting Time on Sorghum Stalk Borer Infestation and Damage in West Hararghe, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. American Journal of Entomology, 2(4), 42-47. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aje.20180204.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Abdela Usmael; Abubaker Terbush; Gebeyehu Chala; Kinde Lamessa. Diagnostic Study of Planting Time on Sorghum Stalk Borer Infestation and Damage in West Hararghe, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Am. J. Entomol. 2019, 2(4), 42-47. doi: 10.11648/j.aje.20180204.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Abdela Usmael, Abubaker Terbush, Gebeyehu Chala, Kinde Lamessa. Diagnostic Study of Planting Time on Sorghum Stalk Borer Infestation and Damage in West Hararghe, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Am J Entomol. 2019;2(4):42-47. doi: 10.11648/j.aje.20180204.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.aje.20180204.12,
  author = {Abdela Usmael and Abubaker Terbush and Gebeyehu Chala and Kinde Lamessa},
  title = {Diagnostic Study of Planting Time on Sorghum Stalk Borer Infestation and Damage in West Hararghe, Oromia Region, Ethiopia},
  journal = {American Journal of Entomology},
  volume = {2},
  number = {4},
  pages = {42-47},
  doi = {10.11648/j.aje.20180204.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aje.20180204.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.aje.20180204.12},
  abstract = {Sorghum is the first most important cereal crop in West Hararghe. However, national figure of grain production still remains below than the world's average grain production per unit area due to different biotic and a biotic factor. Among the biotic factors, stalk borer was considered to be the most important insect pests of sorghum and maize in all areas of the country. As a management option different scholars were recommended sowing date. But there was conflicting report on the relationship between sowing time and borer infestation and damage. It was very crucial to identify the better days of sowing in the zone to reduce pest infestation and increase yield of the crop. Thus, this experiment was designed to evaluate the effect of sowing date on infestation of sorghum stalk borer. Chiro varieties was used for experimentation and sown at seven days interval for six weeks starting from 1st onset of rainfall. The treatments were arranged by RCBD design with three replications. Each treatment had a control plot that treated with insecticide chemicals such as carbaryle powders and Alpha cypermethrine. Based on combined analysis results, mean percent infestation was not shown significant variation (P<0.05) over location but highly significant at (P< 0.001) over years. The percent stalk borer incidence on untreated treatment was shown highly significant at (P< 0.001) on both over years and over location. Length of the feeding tunnel and exit holes in sorghum stem and leaves were significantly higher in earlier planted crop than delayed sorghum. As a general, chemicals treatment with early planting double the grain yield at Hirna sub site but, based on pest infestation status late planting was recommended at both location (Mechara and Hirna) to reduce pest infestation and damage.},
 year = {2019}
}

Copy | Download

TY - JOUR
T1 - Diagnostic Study of Planting Time on Sorghum Stalk Borer Infestation and Damage in West Hararghe, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
AU - Abdela Usmael
AU - Abubaker Terbush
AU - Gebeyehu Chala
AU - Kinde Lamessa
Y1 - 2019/01/22
PY - 2019
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aje.20180204.12
DO - 10.11648/j.aje.20180204.12
T2 - American Journal of Entomology
JF - American Journal of Entomology
JO - American Journal of Entomology
SP - 42
EP - 47
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2640-0537
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aje.20180204.12
AB - Sorghum is the first most important cereal crop in West Hararghe. However, national figure of grain production still remains below than the world's average grain production per unit area due to different biotic and a biotic factor. Among the biotic factors, stalk borer was considered to be the most important insect pests of sorghum and maize in all areas of the country. As a management option different scholars were recommended sowing date. But there was conflicting report on the relationship between sowing time and borer infestation and damage. It was very crucial to identify the better days of sowing in the zone to reduce pest infestation and increase yield of the crop. Thus, this experiment was designed to evaluate the effect of sowing date on infestation of sorghum stalk borer. Chiro varieties was used for experimentation and sown at seven days interval for six weeks starting from 1st onset of rainfall. The treatments were arranged by RCBD design with three replications. Each treatment had a control plot that treated with insecticide chemicals such as carbaryle powders and Alpha cypermethrine. Based on combined analysis results, mean percent infestation was not shown significant variation (P<0.05) over location but highly significant at (P< 0.001) over years. The percent stalk borer incidence on untreated treatment was shown highly significant at (P< 0.001) on both over years and over location. Length of the feeding tunnel and exit holes in sorghum stem and leaves were significantly higher in earlier planted crop than delayed sorghum. As a general, chemicals treatment with early planting double the grain yield at Hirna sub site but, based on pest infestation status late planting was recommended at both location (Mechara and Hirna) to reduce pest infestation and damage.
VL - 2
IS - 4
ER -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Abdela Usmael

Departiment of Plant Science, Oda Bultum University, Chiro, Ethiopia
Abubaker Terbush

Cereal Crop Research Team, Mechara Agricultural Research Center, Mechara, Ethiopia
Gebeyehu Chala

Cereal Crop Research Team, Mechara Agricultural Research Center, Mechara, Ethiopia
Kinde Lamessa

Departiment of Plant Science, Wollega University Shembu Campus, Shembu, Ethiopia

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Abdela Usmael, Abubaker Terbush, Gebeyehu Chala, Kinde Lamessa. (2019). Diagnostic Study of Planting Time on Sorghum Stalk Borer Infestation and Damage in West Hararghe, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. American Journal of Entomology, 2(4), 42-47. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aje.20180204.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Abdela Usmael; Abubaker Terbush; Gebeyehu Chala; Kinde Lamessa. Diagnostic Study of Planting Time on Sorghum Stalk Borer Infestation and Damage in West Hararghe, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Am. J. Entomol. 2019, 2(4), 42-47. doi: 10.11648/j.aje.20180204.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Abdela Usmael, Abubaker Terbush, Gebeyehu Chala, Kinde Lamessa. Diagnostic Study of Planting Time on Sorghum Stalk Borer Infestation and Damage in West Hararghe, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Am J Entomol. 2019;2(4):42-47. doi: 10.11648/j.aje.20180204.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.aje.20180204.12,
  author = {Abdela Usmael and Abubaker Terbush and Gebeyehu Chala and Kinde Lamessa},
  title = {Diagnostic Study of Planting Time on Sorghum Stalk Borer Infestation and Damage in West Hararghe, Oromia Region, Ethiopia},
  journal = {American Journal of Entomology},
  volume = {2},
  number = {4},
  pages = {42-47},
  doi = {10.11648/j.aje.20180204.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aje.20180204.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.aje.20180204.12},
  abstract = {Sorghum is the first most important cereal crop in West Hararghe. However, national figure of grain production still remains below than the world's average grain production per unit area due to different biotic and a biotic factor. Among the biotic factors, stalk borer was considered to be the most important insect pests of sorghum and maize in all areas of the country. As a management option different scholars were recommended sowing date. But there was conflicting report on the relationship between sowing time and borer infestation and damage. It was very crucial to identify the better days of sowing in the zone to reduce pest infestation and increase yield of the crop. Thus, this experiment was designed to evaluate the effect of sowing date on infestation of sorghum stalk borer. Chiro varieties was used for experimentation and sown at seven days interval for six weeks starting from 1st onset of rainfall. The treatments were arranged by RCBD design with three replications. Each treatment had a control plot that treated with insecticide chemicals such as carbaryle powders and Alpha cypermethrine. Based on combined analysis results, mean percent infestation was not shown significant variation (P<0.05) over location but highly significant at (P< 0.001) over years. The percent stalk borer incidence on untreated treatment was shown highly significant at (P< 0.001) on both over years and over location. Length of the feeding tunnel and exit holes in sorghum stem and leaves were significantly higher in earlier planted crop than delayed sorghum. As a general, chemicals treatment with early planting double the grain yield at Hirna sub site but, based on pest infestation status late planting was recommended at both location (Mechara and Hirna) to reduce pest infestation and damage.},
 year = {2019}
}

Copy | Download