Dielectric resonators excited by higher types of azimuthal electromagnetic modes, that are whispering gallery modes, are promising to solve physical problems including studying the electrophysical parameters of substances. Disk resonators with a capillary filled with liquid and located in the whispering gallery field region are suitable to determine the permittivity of liquid. Semi-cylinder resonator located on a flat conducting mirror is of particular interest. Ensuring high accuracy and resolution in determining the permittivity of aqueous solutions under study requires a detailed study of the location of the capillary and improvement of the excitation features of the resonator. The work’s object is to develop a technique for determining the permittivity of liquid filling the capillary of semi-cylindrical dielectric resonator, and to ensure an effective interaction of the electromagnetic field of resonator whispering gallery eigenmodes with the liquid and to define the conditions for effective excitation of the resonator.
Published in | American Journal of Electromagnetics and Applications (Volume 11, Issue 1) |
DOI | 10.11648/j.ajea.20231101.11 |
Page(s) | 1-9 |
Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Dielectric Resonator, Whispering Gallery Modes, Determining the Permittivity of Liquid
[1] | A. Tan “Measuring the Change in the Refractive Index of Water with a Michelson Interferometer,” in Sci. One 2009-2010, Univ. British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, May 2010, https://www.uobabylon.edu.iq/eprints/paper_2_2359_167.pdf. |
[2] | M. H. Mahdieh, T. Nazari “Measurement of Impurity and Temperature Variations in Water by Interferometry Technique,” Int. J. Light Electron Optics, vol. 124, no. 20, pp. 4393–4396, 2013. |
[3] | C. R. U. Kumari, D. Samiappan, T. R. Rao, T. Sudhakar “Mach-Zehnder Interferometer based High Sensitive Water Salinity Sensor for Oceanographic Applications,” in 2016 IEEE Annual India Conf. (INDICON), Bangalore, India, 16-18 Dec. 2016, 10.1109/INDICON.2016.7838872. |
[4] | V. N. Derkach, Yu. F. Filipov, A. S. Plevako, Yu. V. Prokopenko, and T. A. Smirnova “Determination of Microwave Parameters of Isotropic Mediums by using an Open Quasi-Optical Spherical Resonator,” Int. J. Infrared Millimeter Waves, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 139–148, 2004. |
[5] | A. Y. Kirichenko, Y. V. Prokopenko, O. A. Suvorova, Y. F. Filippov “Radially Two-Layer Sphere as a Sensor of Dielectric Characteristics of a Liquid into which it is Submerged,” Telecommun. Radio Eng., vol. 69, no. 18, pp. 1661–1672, 2010. |
[6] | Y. Wang, M. N. Afsar “Measurement of Complex Permittivity of Liquids Using Waveguide Techniques,” Prog. Electromagn. Res., vol. 42, pp. 131–142, Jan. 2003. |
[7] | S. Zou, Y. Xu, Z. Razafizana “Broadband Waveguide Cloak for Water Waves,” Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 123, no. 7, Aug. 2019, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.074501. |
[8] | V. Skresanov, Z. Eremenko, K. Kuznetsova “Circular Layered Waveguide Use for Wideband Complex Permittivity Measurement of Lossy Liquids,” IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas., vol. 63, no. 3, pp. 694–701, 2014. |
[9] | Yu.. Filippov, A. Ya. Kirichenko, H. V. Krivenko, V. I. Lutsenko, and Yu. V Prokopenko “Temperature-dielectric spectroscopy of solutions with using a method of capillary-waveguide resonance,” in Proc. Int. Conf. MIKON*2006, Krakow, Poland, 2006, vol. 1. pp. 263–266. |
[10] | A. Ya. Kirichenko, V. I. Lutsenko, Yu. F. Filippov, Yu. V. Prokopenko, and H. V. Krivenko “Temperature-Dielectric Spectroscopy of Aqueous Solutions using the Method of Capillary-Waveguide Resonance,” Radiophys. Quantum Electron., vol. 51, no. 8, pp. 643–648, Dec. 2008. |
[11] | A. Beneduci, G. Chidichimo “Open-Ended Waveguide Measurement and Numerical Simulation of the Reflectivity of Petri Dish Supported Skin Cell Monolayers in the mm-wave Range,” J. Infrared Millimeter Terahertz Waves, vol. 33, pp. 529–547, 2012. |
[12] | B. Yu. Kapilevich, S. G. Ogourtsov, Y. G. Belenky, A. B. Maslenikov, A. S. Omar “Accurate Microwave Resonant Method for Complex Permittivity Measurements of Liquids [biological],” IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 48, no. 11, pp. 2159–2164, Nov. 2000. |
[13] | N. T. Cherpak, A. A. Barannik, Yu. V. Prokopenko, T. A. Smirnova, and Yu. F. Filipov “A new technique of dielectric characterization of liquids,” in Nonlinear Dielectric Phenomena in Complex Liquids, S. J. Rzoska & V. P. Zhelezny, Ed., Netherlands: NATO Sci. Ser., Kluwer Acad. Publ., 2004, vol. 157, pp. 63–76. |
[14] | Yu. V. Prokopenko, Yu. F. Filippov, T. A. Smirnova, O. A. Matyash “Radially-Two-Layer Quasi-Optical Dielectric Resonator for Dielectrography,” Probl. At. Sci. Technol. Ser.: Plasma Electron. New Methods Acceleration, no. 4, pp. 93–96, 2004. |
[15] | Yu. V. Prokopenko, Yu. F. Filippov, and I. A. Shipilova “Effect of a Ring Layer Filled with Various Substances on the Eigen frequency and Q-Factor of a Cylindrical Quasi-Optical Dielectric Resonator,” Tech. Phys. Lett., vol. 32, no. 4, pp. 296–298, Apr. 2006., |
[16] | Yu. V. Prokopenko, O. A. Suvorova, Yu. F. Filippov, I. A. Shipilova “Natural Oscillations of Radially Three-Layered Dielectric Resonators,” Radioelectron. Commun. Syst., vol. 52, no. 1, pp. 7–15, Feb. 2009. |
[17] | A. Barannik, N. Cherpak, A. Kirichenko, Yu. Prokopenko, S. Vitusevich and V. Yakovenko “Whispering Gallery Mode Resonators in Microwave Physics and Technologies,” Int. J. Microwave Wireless Technol., vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 781–796, May 2017. |
[18] | A. Ya. Kirichenko, Yu. V. Prokopenko, Yu. F. Filippov, N. T. Cherpak, Quasi-Optical Solid-State Resonators. Kiev, Ukraine: Naukova dumka, 2008, 286 p., ISBN 978-966-00-0945-3. (in Russian) |
[19] | Yu. V. Prokopenko, Yu. F. Filippov, and I. A. Shipilova “Effect of a Small Cylindrical Inhomogeneity on the Eigenfrequency of a Semicylindrical Dielectric Resonator Featuring an Axially Homogeneous Eigenmode,” Tech. Phys. Lett., vol. 33, no. 9, pp. 729–731, Sept. 2007. |
[20] | A. Kirichenko, A. Kogut “Gunn-diode oscillator, stabilized by dielectric resonator for measurement of electrical characteristics of liquids,” Electromagnetic Waves and Electronic Systems, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 57-59, 2007. |
[21] | A. Kogut, O. Matyash “Excitation of “whispering gallery” oscillations in a half-disk dielectric resonator by a coupling slot in the mirror,” Radioelectron. Commun. Syst., vol, 49, no. 2, pp. 7–10, 2006. |
[22] | A. Kogut “The Impact of Conditions and Techniques of Excitation of a Half-Disk Dielectric Resonator on Characteristics of “Whispering Gallery” Oscillations,” Radioelectron. Commun. Syst., vol, 50, pp. 248–252, 2007. |
[23] | R. Golovaschenko, E. Goroshko, A. Kogut, V. Kutuzov “Field distribution of the forced whispering gallery mode excited in quasioptical dielectric cavity resonators by a coupling slot in the mirror,” Telecommunications and Radio Engineering, vol. 69, issue 16, pp. 1421-1427, 2010. |
APA Style
Kogut, O., Nosatiuk, S., Prokopenko, Y., Kuzmichev, I., Ostryzhnyi, Y., et al. (2023). Determining the Permittivity of a High-Loss Liquid by Resonant Method in Ka-Waveband. American Journal of Electromagnetics and Applications, 11(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajea.20231101.11
ACS Style
Kogut, O.; Nosatiuk, S.; Prokopenko, Y.; Kuzmichev, I.; Ostryzhnyi, Y., et al. Determining the Permittivity of a High-Loss Liquid by Resonant Method in Ka-Waveband. Am. J. Electromagn. Appl. 2023, 11(1), 1-9. doi: 10.11648/j.ajea.20231101.11
AMA Style
Kogut O, Nosatiuk S, Prokopenko Y, Kuzmichev I, Ostryzhnyi Y, et al. Determining the Permittivity of a High-Loss Liquid by Resonant Method in Ka-Waveband. Am J Electromagn Appl. 2023;11(1):1-9. doi: 10.11648/j.ajea.20231101.11
@article{10.11648/j.ajea.20231101.11, author = {Oleksandr Kogut and Serhii Nosatiuk and Yuriy Prokopenko and Igor Kuzmichev and Yevgen Ostryzhnyi and Mykhailo Ilchenko and Teodor Narytnyk and Hleb Avdieienko and Mohammed El Bakkali}, title = {Determining the Permittivity of a High-Loss Liquid by Resonant Method in Ka-Waveband}, journal = {American Journal of Electromagnetics and Applications}, volume = {11}, number = {1}, pages = {1-9}, doi = {10.11648/j.ajea.20231101.11}, url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajea.20231101.11}, eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajea.20231101.11}, abstract = {Dielectric resonators excited by higher types of azimuthal electromagnetic modes, that are whispering gallery modes, are promising to solve physical problems including studying the electrophysical parameters of substances. Disk resonators with a capillary filled with liquid and located in the whispering gallery field region are suitable to determine the permittivity of liquid. Semi-cylinder resonator located on a flat conducting mirror is of particular interest. Ensuring high accuracy and resolution in determining the permittivity of aqueous solutions under study requires a detailed study of the location of the capillary and improvement of the excitation features of the resonator. The work’s object is to develop a technique for determining the permittivity of liquid filling the capillary of semi-cylindrical dielectric resonator, and to ensure an effective interaction of the electromagnetic field of resonator whispering gallery eigenmodes with the liquid and to define the conditions for effective excitation of the resonator. }, year = {2023} }
TY - JOUR T1 - Determining the Permittivity of a High-Loss Liquid by Resonant Method in Ka-Waveband AU - Oleksandr Kogut AU - Serhii Nosatiuk AU - Yuriy Prokopenko AU - Igor Kuzmichev AU - Yevgen Ostryzhnyi AU - Mykhailo Ilchenko AU - Teodor Narytnyk AU - Hleb Avdieienko AU - Mohammed El Bakkali Y1 - 2023/11/17 PY - 2023 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajea.20231101.11 DO - 10.11648/j.ajea.20231101.11 T2 - American Journal of Electromagnetics and Applications JF - American Journal of Electromagnetics and Applications JO - American Journal of Electromagnetics and Applications SP - 1 EP - 9 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2376-5984 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajea.20231101.11 AB - Dielectric resonators excited by higher types of azimuthal electromagnetic modes, that are whispering gallery modes, are promising to solve physical problems including studying the electrophysical parameters of substances. Disk resonators with a capillary filled with liquid and located in the whispering gallery field region are suitable to determine the permittivity of liquid. Semi-cylinder resonator located on a flat conducting mirror is of particular interest. Ensuring high accuracy and resolution in determining the permittivity of aqueous solutions under study requires a detailed study of the location of the capillary and improvement of the excitation features of the resonator. The work’s object is to develop a technique for determining the permittivity of liquid filling the capillary of semi-cylindrical dielectric resonator, and to ensure an effective interaction of the electromagnetic field of resonator whispering gallery eigenmodes with the liquid and to define the conditions for effective excitation of the resonator. VL - 11 IS - 1 ER -