Analysis of Blends of Cashew Exudate and Poly (Vinyl Chloride)

Alisi Ikechukwu Ogadimma; Ngele Sylvester Okechukwu; Uduma Anya Uduma

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajpst.20170302.11

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Analysis of Blends of Cashew Exudate and Poly (Vinyl Chloride)

Alisi Ikechukwu Ogadimma, Ngele Sylvester Okechukwu, Uduma Anya Uduma

Published in American Journal of Polymer Science and Technology (Volume 3, Issue 2)

Received: 29 July 2016 Accepted: 6 February 2017 Published: 26 April 2017

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Abstract

In this research the mechanical and sorption properties of purified Anacardium Occidentale L. exudate and poly(vinyl chloride) blends were investigated. The purified Cashew Gum PCG and PVC were compounded through melt blending technique followed by compression moulding on a Carver Laboratory Press set at 150°C. The blended samples were then subjected to tensile, hardness, impact and sorption tests. The results of the mechanical tests indicate a general decrease in Young's modulus, tensile strength and percentage elongation with increasing composition of the purified exudate in the blended samples. There was an improvement in hardness properties with increase in exudate composition with a maximum value of 69.3 HRF for the composition 40%PVC/60%PCG. For the Charpy impact tests, the maximum and minimum values recorded were 10227.27Jm^-2 and 6818.18Jm^-2 respectively. The absorption test results indicate swelling in aqueous media which increases as the composition of PCG increases. This swelling behaviour of the blended samples in aqueous media indicate their susceptibility to hydrolytic degradation, and this can serve as a means of controlling environmental pollution due to discarded plastic materials.

Published in	American Journal of Polymer Science and Technology (Volume 3, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajpst.20170302.11
Page(s)	21-28
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Blended Samples, Mechanical Properties, Poly (Vinyl Chloride), Purified Cashew Gum, Sorption Properties

References

[1]	Ezeagu, W. (2002). Assessment of the situation and development prospects for cashew nut sector. A report. Nigerian Export Promotion Council, Abuja, Nigeria. Available online at www.unctad.org.
[2]	George, K. E; Rani, J. And Francis, D. J. (1986).Studies on NBR/PVC Blends. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 32: 2867-2873.
[3]	Gyedu- Akoto, E; Oduro, I; Amoah, F. M; Oldham, J. H; Ellis, W. O; Opoku-Ameyaw, K. F. and Rasheed, B. H. (2008). Physico-Chemical Properties of Cashew Tree Gum. African Journal of Food Science, 2: pp. 060-064.
[4]	Huang, S. J. (1995). Polymer waste management-biodegradation, incineration and recycling. J. Macromol. Sci. Pure., 32: 593–597.
[5]	Kumar, R; Patil, M. B; Patil, S. R. and Paschapur, M. S. (2009). Evaluation of Anacardium occidentale gum as gelling agent in aceclofenac gel. International Journal of PharmTech Research, 1 (3): 695–704.
[6]	Lima, R. D. N., Lima, J. R., de Salis, C. R. and Moreira, R. A. (2002). Cashew-tree (Anacardium occidentale L.) exudate gum: a novel bioligand tool. Biotechnol Appl Biochem. 35: 45–53.
[7]	Mediha, K; Kadir, D._R and Yildirim, A. (2008). Thermophysical Properties of Blend of Poly(Vinyl Chloride) With Poly (Isobornyl Acrylate). International Journal of Science & Technology, 3 (1): 37-42.
[8]	Oh, B. and Kim, Y. R. (1999). Evaluation and characteristics of a blend polymer for a solid polymer electrolyte. Solid state Ionics. 124 (1-2): 83-89.
[9]	Pielichowski, K. (1999). Thermal energy storage systems based on poly(vinyl chloride) blends. Eur. Polym. J., 35 (1): 27-34.
[10]	Pielichowski, K. and Hamerton, I. (2000). Compatible poly(vinyl chloride)/chlorinated polyurethane blends: thermal characteristics. EurPolym J. 36(1): 171-181.
[11]	Rhoo, H. J; Kim, H. T; Park, J. K. and Hwang, T. S. (1997). Ionic conduction in plasticized PVC/PMMA blend polymer electrolytes. Electrochin. Acta, 42(10): 1571-1579.
[12]	Scott, G. and Gillead, D. (1995). Degradable Polymers. Chapman & Hall, London.
[13]	Stephen, A. M; Kumar, T. P; Renganathan, N. G; Pitchumani. S; Thirunakaran, R; Muniyandi, N. (2000). Ionic conductivity and FT-IR studies on plasticized PVC/PMMA blend polymer electrolytes. J. Power Sources, 89 (1): 80-87.
[14]	Tang, M. and Liau, W. R. (2000). Solvent effect on the miscibility of poly(4- hydroxystyrene)–poly(ethylene oxide) blends. Eur. Polym. J. 36 (12): 2597-2603.

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Alisi Ikechukwu Ogadimma, Ngele Sylvester Okechukwu, Uduma Anya Uduma. (2017). Analysis of Blends of Cashew Exudate and Poly (Vinyl Chloride). American Journal of Polymer Science and Technology, 3(2), 21-28. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpst.20170302.11

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ACS Style

Alisi Ikechukwu Ogadimma; Ngele Sylvester Okechukwu; Uduma Anya Uduma. Analysis of Blends of Cashew Exudate and Poly (Vinyl Chloride). Am. J. Polym. Sci. Technol. 2017, 3(2), 21-28. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpst.20170302.11

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AMA Style

Alisi Ikechukwu Ogadimma, Ngele Sylvester Okechukwu, Uduma Anya Uduma. Analysis of Blends of Cashew Exudate and Poly (Vinyl Chloride). Am J Polym Sci Technol. 2017;3(2):21-28. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpst.20170302.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajpst.20170302.11,
  author = {Alisi Ikechukwu Ogadimma and Ngele Sylvester Okechukwu and Uduma Anya Uduma},
  title = {Analysis of Blends of Cashew Exudate and Poly (Vinyl Chloride)},
  journal = {American Journal of Polymer Science and Technology},
  volume = {3},
  number = {2},
  pages = {21-28},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajpst.20170302.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpst.20170302.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajpst.20170302.11},
  abstract = {In this research the mechanical and sorption properties of purified Anacardium Occidentale L. exudate and poly(vinyl chloride) blends were investigated. The purified Cashew Gum PCG and PVC were compounded through melt blending technique followed by compression moulding on a Carver Laboratory Press set at 150°C. The blended samples were then subjected to tensile, hardness, impact and sorption tests. The results of the mechanical tests indicate a general decrease in Young's modulus, tensile strength and percentage elongation with increasing composition of the purified exudate in the blended samples. There was an improvement in hardness properties with increase in exudate composition with a maximum value of 69.3 HRF for the composition 40%PVC/60%PCG. For the Charpy impact tests, the maximum and minimum values recorded were 10227.27Jm-2 and 6818.18Jm-2 respectively. The absorption test results indicate swelling in aqueous media which increases as the composition of PCG increases. This swelling behaviour of the blended samples in aqueous media indicate their susceptibility to hydrolytic degradation, and this can serve as a means of controlling environmental pollution due to discarded plastic materials.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Analysis of Blends of Cashew Exudate and Poly (Vinyl Chloride)
AU  - Alisi Ikechukwu Ogadimma
AU  - Ngele Sylvester Okechukwu
AU  - Uduma Anya Uduma
Y1  - 2017/04/26
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpst.20170302.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajpst.20170302.11
T2  - American Journal of Polymer Science and Technology
JF  - American Journal of Polymer Science and Technology
JO  - American Journal of Polymer Science and Technology
SP  - 21
EP  - 28
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-5986
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpst.20170302.11
AB  - In this research the mechanical and sorption properties of purified Anacardium Occidentale L. exudate and poly(vinyl chloride) blends were investigated. The purified Cashew Gum PCG and PVC were compounded through melt blending technique followed by compression moulding on a Carver Laboratory Press set at 150°C. The blended samples were then subjected to tensile, hardness, impact and sorption tests. The results of the mechanical tests indicate a general decrease in Young's modulus, tensile strength and percentage elongation with increasing composition of the purified exudate in the blended samples. There was an improvement in hardness properties with increase in exudate composition with a maximum value of 69.3 HRF for the composition 40%PVC/60%PCG. For the Charpy impact tests, the maximum and minimum values recorded were 10227.27Jm-2 and 6818.18Jm-2 respectively. The absorption test results indicate swelling in aqueous media which increases as the composition of PCG increases. This swelling behaviour of the blended samples in aqueous media indicate their susceptibility to hydrolytic degradation, and this can serve as a means of controlling environmental pollution due to discarded plastic materials.
VL  - 3
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Alisi Ikechukwu Ogadimma

Department of Applied Chemistry, Federal University, Dutsinma, Nigeria
Ngele Sylvester Okechukwu

Department of Industrial Chemistry, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
Uduma Anya Uduma

Department of Applied Chemistry, Federal University, Dutsinma, Nigeria

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APA Style

Alisi Ikechukwu Ogadimma, Ngele Sylvester Okechukwu, Uduma Anya Uduma. (2017). Analysis of Blends of Cashew Exudate and Poly (Vinyl Chloride). American Journal of Polymer Science and Technology, 3(2), 21-28. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpst.20170302.11

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ACS Style

Alisi Ikechukwu Ogadimma; Ngele Sylvester Okechukwu; Uduma Anya Uduma. Analysis of Blends of Cashew Exudate and Poly (Vinyl Chloride). Am. J. Polym. Sci. Technol. 2017, 3(2), 21-28. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpst.20170302.11

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AMA Style

Alisi Ikechukwu Ogadimma, Ngele Sylvester Okechukwu, Uduma Anya Uduma. Analysis of Blends of Cashew Exudate and Poly (Vinyl Chloride). Am J Polym Sci Technol. 2017;3(2):21-28. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpst.20170302.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajpst.20170302.11,
  author = {Alisi Ikechukwu Ogadimma and Ngele Sylvester Okechukwu and Uduma Anya Uduma},
  title = {Analysis of Blends of Cashew Exudate and Poly (Vinyl Chloride)},
  journal = {American Journal of Polymer Science and Technology},
  volume = {3},
  number = {2},
  pages = {21-28},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajpst.20170302.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpst.20170302.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajpst.20170302.11},
  abstract = {In this research the mechanical and sorption properties of purified Anacardium Occidentale L. exudate and poly(vinyl chloride) blends were investigated. The purified Cashew Gum PCG and PVC were compounded through melt blending technique followed by compression moulding on a Carver Laboratory Press set at 150°C. The blended samples were then subjected to tensile, hardness, impact and sorption tests. The results of the mechanical tests indicate a general decrease in Young's modulus, tensile strength and percentage elongation with increasing composition of the purified exudate in the blended samples. There was an improvement in hardness properties with increase in exudate composition with a maximum value of 69.3 HRF for the composition 40%PVC/60%PCG. For the Charpy impact tests, the maximum and minimum values recorded were 10227.27Jm-2 and 6818.18Jm-2 respectively. The absorption test results indicate swelling in aqueous media which increases as the composition of PCG increases. This swelling behaviour of the blended samples in aqueous media indicate their susceptibility to hydrolytic degradation, and this can serve as a means of controlling environmental pollution due to discarded plastic materials.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Analysis of Blends of Cashew Exudate and Poly (Vinyl Chloride)
AU  - Alisi Ikechukwu Ogadimma
AU  - Ngele Sylvester Okechukwu
AU  - Uduma Anya Uduma
Y1  - 2017/04/26
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpst.20170302.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajpst.20170302.11
T2  - American Journal of Polymer Science and Technology
JF  - American Journal of Polymer Science and Technology
JO  - American Journal of Polymer Science and Technology
SP  - 21
EP  - 28
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-5986
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpst.20170302.11
AB  - In this research the mechanical and sorption properties of purified Anacardium Occidentale L. exudate and poly(vinyl chloride) blends were investigated. The purified Cashew Gum PCG and PVC were compounded through melt blending technique followed by compression moulding on a Carver Laboratory Press set at 150°C. The blended samples were then subjected to tensile, hardness, impact and sorption tests. The results of the mechanical tests indicate a general decrease in Young's modulus, tensile strength and percentage elongation with increasing composition of the purified exudate in the blended samples. There was an improvement in hardness properties with increase in exudate composition with a maximum value of 69.3 HRF for the composition 40%PVC/60%PCG. For the Charpy impact tests, the maximum and minimum values recorded were 10227.27Jm-2 and 6818.18Jm-2 respectively. The absorption test results indicate swelling in aqueous media which increases as the composition of PCG increases. This swelling behaviour of the blended samples in aqueous media indicate their susceptibility to hydrolytic degradation, and this can serve as a means of controlling environmental pollution due to discarded plastic materials.
VL  - 3
IS  - 2
ER  -

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