Performance Study of University of Ado Ekiti (UNAD) Transit Shuttle Buses

Adanikin Ariyo; Olutaiwo Adewale; Obafemi Tobi

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajtte.20170205.12

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Performance Study of University of Ado Ekiti (UNAD) Transit Shuttle Buses

Adanikin Ariyo, Olutaiwo Adewale, Obafemi Tobi

Published in American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering (Volume 2, Issue 5)

Received: 11 August 2017 Accepted: 30 August 2017 Published: 25 September 2017

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Abstract

Traffic engineering uses engineering methods and techniques to achieve the safe and time efficient movement of people and goods on roadways. The safe and time efficient movement of people and goods is dependent on the transit system performance, which is directly connected to the traffic characteristics. The main parameters of performance of transport shuttles are traffic volume, speed, density and revenue; and all these are evaluated in this study. In the absence of effective planning and traffic management, current road infrastructure will not be able to cater for the future needs of the University. Students, staff and vehicle volumes have increased significantly in the last decade in the Institution, yet the performance of the transport shuttle have been dismal and unable to achieve its objectives. Findings of the study show that the morning peak period (8.00am to 9.00am) has 234 vehicles/hr, evening peak period (2.00pm to 3.00pm) has 284 vehicles/hr, while the off-peak period (11.00am to 12.00pm) has 156 vehicles/hr. The journey time from the Post Office bus stop to the University campus, measured as 34.01 minutes, was too long for the distance of 15.0km road which according to the Nigeria Highway Code should not be more than 18 minutes. The average stopping time was 6.55 minutes, average interval between arrivals of motorists was 16.40 seconds, the average queue length was 14.23 people, and the average waiting time at the bus-stop 4.17 minutes. These values were obtained using the queuing theory and shows much commuters time is lost on transit queues. The financial condition of the transit unit shows that amount generated is less than the amount expended by the transit operators. This means, in effect, that the shuttle bus operators are operating in deficit.

Published in	American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering (Volume 2, Issue 5)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajtte.20170205.12
Page(s)	67-73
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Traffic Studies, Journey Time, Shuttle Performance, Queuing Theory, Revenue

References

[1]	Aderamo, A. J (2012). Urban transportation problems and challenges in Nigeria: A planner’s view. Prime Journals. 2(3), 198-203.
[2]	Sumaila, A. G (2012). Sustainable Transportation Management for Federal Capital Territory, (FCT). Paper Presented at a One-Day Retreat for Staff of FCT Transportation Secretariat, Abuja. 4th August, 2012.
[3]	Ogunleye, O. S (2014). Urban Mobility in Ekiti State: Options for Transformation. American International Journal of Social Science. 3(5), 200-206.
[4]	Bolade, A. T (1993). The Urban Transport and Related Operations the Journey so far. A Paper presented at a Management Training Course on Urban Mass Transit Operations Council. Chamber of the Nigeria Institute of Bankers, Lagos October, 22-23.
[5]	Gwilliam, K. M. (2011). Urban Transport: Struggling with Growth Africa’s Transport Infrastructure, World Bank, Washington, D. C.
[6]	Ogunbodede, E. F (2006). Application of GIS to the Management of Traffic Congestions in Akure, Ondo state, Nigeria. PGD Project submitted to RECTAS, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
[7]	Ikya, S. G. (1993). The Urban Transportation Problems in Nigeria”, in Ikya, S. G. (ed.), Urban Passenger Transportation in Nigeria, Heinemann, Ibadan, pp. 3-27.
[8]	Owoputi, A. E (2016). The Impact of Road Development and Expansion on Urban Cities. A Case Study Of Akure Metropolis. World Wide Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development. 2(6), 46-48.
[9]	Nigeria Highway Code (2017). http://www.highwaycode.com.ng/ix-speed-limits-on-different-roads-and-for-different-vehicles.html. Retrieved on 17th May, 2017.
[10]	FHWA-HRT (2004). Signalized Intersections: Informational Guide - Individual Movement Treatments (FHWA-HRT-04-091). https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/ safety/04091/12.cfm

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APA Style

Adanikin Ariyo, Olutaiwo Adewale, Obafemi Tobi. (2017). Performance Study of University of Ado Ekiti (UNAD) Transit Shuttle Buses. American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, 2(5), 67-73. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20170205.12

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ACS Style

Adanikin Ariyo; Olutaiwo Adewale; Obafemi Tobi. Performance Study of University of Ado Ekiti (UNAD) Transit Shuttle Buses. Am. J. Traffic Transp. Eng. 2017, 2(5), 67-73. doi: 10.11648/j.ajtte.20170205.12

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AMA Style

Adanikin Ariyo, Olutaiwo Adewale, Obafemi Tobi. Performance Study of University of Ado Ekiti (UNAD) Transit Shuttle Buses. Am J Traffic Transp Eng. 2017;2(5):67-73. doi: 10.11648/j.ajtte.20170205.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajtte.20170205.12,
  author = {Adanikin Ariyo and Olutaiwo Adewale and Obafemi Tobi},
  title = {Performance Study of University of Ado Ekiti (UNAD) Transit Shuttle Buses},
  journal = {American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering},
  volume = {2},
  number = {5},
  pages = {67-73},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajtte.20170205.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20170205.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajtte.20170205.12},
  abstract = {Traffic engineering uses engineering methods and techniques to achieve the safe and time efficient movement of people and goods on roadways. The safe and time efficient movement of people and goods is dependent on the transit system performance, which is directly connected to the traffic characteristics. The main parameters of performance of transport shuttles are traffic volume, speed, density and revenue; and all these are evaluated in this study. In the absence of effective planning and traffic management, current road infrastructure will not be able to cater for the future needs of the University. Students, staff and vehicle volumes have increased significantly in the last decade in the Institution, yet the performance of the transport shuttle have been dismal and unable to achieve its objectives. Findings of the study show that the morning peak period (8.00am to 9.00am) has 234 vehicles/hr, evening peak period (2.00pm to 3.00pm) has 284 vehicles/hr, while the off-peak period (11.00am to 12.00pm) has 156 vehicles/hr. The journey time from the Post Office bus stop to the University campus, measured as 34.01 minutes, was too long for the distance of 15.0km road which according to the Nigeria Highway Code should not be more than 18 minutes. The average stopping time was 6.55 minutes, average interval between arrivals of motorists was 16.40 seconds, the average queue length was 14.23 people, and the average waiting time at the bus-stop 4.17 minutes. These values were obtained using the queuing theory and shows much commuters time is lost on transit queues. The financial condition of the transit unit shows that amount generated is less than the amount expended by the transit operators. This means, in effect, that the shuttle bus operators are operating in deficit.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Performance Study of University of Ado Ekiti (UNAD) Transit Shuttle Buses
AU  - Adanikin Ariyo
AU  - Olutaiwo Adewale
AU  - Obafemi Tobi
Y1  - 2017/09/25
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20170205.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajtte.20170205.12
T2  - American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering
SP  - 67
EP  - 73
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-8604
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20170205.12
AB  - Traffic engineering uses engineering methods and techniques to achieve the safe and time efficient movement of people and goods on roadways. The safe and time efficient movement of people and goods is dependent on the transit system performance, which is directly connected to the traffic characteristics. The main parameters of performance of transport shuttles are traffic volume, speed, density and revenue; and all these are evaluated in this study. In the absence of effective planning and traffic management, current road infrastructure will not be able to cater for the future needs of the University. Students, staff and vehicle volumes have increased significantly in the last decade in the Institution, yet the performance of the transport shuttle have been dismal and unable to achieve its objectives. Findings of the study show that the morning peak period (8.00am to 9.00am) has 234 vehicles/hr, evening peak period (2.00pm to 3.00pm) has 284 vehicles/hr, while the off-peak period (11.00am to 12.00pm) has 156 vehicles/hr. The journey time from the Post Office bus stop to the University campus, measured as 34.01 minutes, was too long for the distance of 15.0km road which according to the Nigeria Highway Code should not be more than 18 minutes. The average stopping time was 6.55 minutes, average interval between arrivals of motorists was 16.40 seconds, the average queue length was 14.23 people, and the average waiting time at the bus-stop 4.17 minutes. These values were obtained using the queuing theory and shows much commuters time is lost on transit queues. The financial condition of the transit unit shows that amount generated is less than the amount expended by the transit operators. This means, in effect, that the shuttle bus operators are operating in deficit.
VL  - 2
IS  - 5
ER  -

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Author Information

Adanikin Ariyo

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Elizade University, Ilara Mokin, Nigeria
Olutaiwo Adewale

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Lagos, Yaba, Nigeria
Obafemi Tobi

Department of Civil Engineering, University of Ado Ekiti, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria

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APA Style

Adanikin Ariyo, Olutaiwo Adewale, Obafemi Tobi. (2017). Performance Study of University of Ado Ekiti (UNAD) Transit Shuttle Buses. American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, 2(5), 67-73. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20170205.12

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ACS Style

Adanikin Ariyo; Olutaiwo Adewale; Obafemi Tobi. Performance Study of University of Ado Ekiti (UNAD) Transit Shuttle Buses. Am. J. Traffic Transp. Eng. 2017, 2(5), 67-73. doi: 10.11648/j.ajtte.20170205.12

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AMA Style

Adanikin Ariyo, Olutaiwo Adewale, Obafemi Tobi. Performance Study of University of Ado Ekiti (UNAD) Transit Shuttle Buses. Am J Traffic Transp Eng. 2017;2(5):67-73. doi: 10.11648/j.ajtte.20170205.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajtte.20170205.12,
  author = {Adanikin Ariyo and Olutaiwo Adewale and Obafemi Tobi},
  title = {Performance Study of University of Ado Ekiti (UNAD) Transit Shuttle Buses},
  journal = {American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering},
  volume = {2},
  number = {5},
  pages = {67-73},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajtte.20170205.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20170205.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajtte.20170205.12},
  abstract = {Traffic engineering uses engineering methods and techniques to achieve the safe and time efficient movement of people and goods on roadways. The safe and time efficient movement of people and goods is dependent on the transit system performance, which is directly connected to the traffic characteristics. The main parameters of performance of transport shuttles are traffic volume, speed, density and revenue; and all these are evaluated in this study. In the absence of effective planning and traffic management, current road infrastructure will not be able to cater for the future needs of the University. Students, staff and vehicle volumes have increased significantly in the last decade in the Institution, yet the performance of the transport shuttle have been dismal and unable to achieve its objectives. Findings of the study show that the morning peak period (8.00am to 9.00am) has 234 vehicles/hr, evening peak period (2.00pm to 3.00pm) has 284 vehicles/hr, while the off-peak period (11.00am to 12.00pm) has 156 vehicles/hr. The journey time from the Post Office bus stop to the University campus, measured as 34.01 minutes, was too long for the distance of 15.0km road which according to the Nigeria Highway Code should not be more than 18 minutes. The average stopping time was 6.55 minutes, average interval between arrivals of motorists was 16.40 seconds, the average queue length was 14.23 people, and the average waiting time at the bus-stop 4.17 minutes. These values were obtained using the queuing theory and shows much commuters time is lost on transit queues. The financial condition of the transit unit shows that amount generated is less than the amount expended by the transit operators. This means, in effect, that the shuttle bus operators are operating in deficit.},
 year = {2017}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Performance Study of University of Ado Ekiti (UNAD) Transit Shuttle Buses
AU  - Adanikin Ariyo
AU  - Olutaiwo Adewale
AU  - Obafemi Tobi
Y1  - 2017/09/25
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20170205.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajtte.20170205.12
T2  - American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering
SP  - 67
EP  - 73
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-8604
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20170205.12
AB  - Traffic engineering uses engineering methods and techniques to achieve the safe and time efficient movement of people and goods on roadways. The safe and time efficient movement of people and goods is dependent on the transit system performance, which is directly connected to the traffic characteristics. The main parameters of performance of transport shuttles are traffic volume, speed, density and revenue; and all these are evaluated in this study. In the absence of effective planning and traffic management, current road infrastructure will not be able to cater for the future needs of the University. Students, staff and vehicle volumes have increased significantly in the last decade in the Institution, yet the performance of the transport shuttle have been dismal and unable to achieve its objectives. Findings of the study show that the morning peak period (8.00am to 9.00am) has 234 vehicles/hr, evening peak period (2.00pm to 3.00pm) has 284 vehicles/hr, while the off-peak period (11.00am to 12.00pm) has 156 vehicles/hr. The journey time from the Post Office bus stop to the University campus, measured as 34.01 minutes, was too long for the distance of 15.0km road which according to the Nigeria Highway Code should not be more than 18 minutes. The average stopping time was 6.55 minutes, average interval between arrivals of motorists was 16.40 seconds, the average queue length was 14.23 people, and the average waiting time at the bus-stop 4.17 minutes. These values were obtained using the queuing theory and shows much commuters time is lost on transit queues. The financial condition of the transit unit shows that amount generated is less than the amount expended by the transit operators. This means, in effect, that the shuttle bus operators are operating in deficit.
VL  - 2
IS  - 5
ER  -

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