Influence of Recycling Agent on Surface Free Energy of Asphalt Cement

Saad Issa Sarsam; Rana Khalid Hamdan

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajtte.20190401.13

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Influence of Recycling Agent on Surface Free Energy of Asphalt Cement

Saad Issa Sarsam, Rana Khalid Hamdan

Published in American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering (Volume 4, Issue 1)

Received: 24 March 2019 Accepted: 22 April 2019 Published: 9 May 2019

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Abstract

Reliable surface free energy characterization is required in order to implement the suitable recycling agent into aged asphalt. One proven method to estimate asphalt surface free energy is to calculate it using contact angles measured with various liquids. The efficiency of recycling agent in terms of its impact on rheology and surface free energy of asphalt cement is vital in the decision of recycling aged asphalt concrete. In this investigation, asphalt cement of penetration grade 40-50 was subjected to aging using the thin film oven test. The aged and the control asphalt cement samples have been digested with various percentages of two type of polymer recycling agents (Polyethylene and crumb rubber). Recycled and control asphalt cement specimens were subjected to physical and rheological properties determination, while the surface free energy was determined using Wilhelmy plate and Sessile drop methods. It was observed that the surface free energy decreases after aging, while it increases after digestion with polymers. Digestion of aged asphalt cement with polyethylene was able to retain the original surface free energy of asphalt cement before aging, while a higher percentage of 1.5 polyethylene has improved the surface free energy beyond the requirements. Digestion of aged asphalt cement with crumb rubber was able to increase the surface free energy of asphalt cement by one-fold of that before aging when Wilhelmy plate method was implemented, while a higher percentage of 1.0 of crumb rubber has improved the surface free energy beyond the requirements.

Published in	American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering (Volume 4, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajtte.20190401.13
Page(s)	17-23
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Surface Free Energy, Crumb Rubber, Polyethylene, Rheology, Wilhelmy Plate, Sessile Drop

References

[1]	N. M. Wasiuddin, H. J. Barraza, M. M. Zaman, and E. A. O’ Rear, “Assessment of Surface Free Energy Characteristics of Performance Graded Asphalt Binders” Advances in Pavement Engineering. 2005. http: //Doi:10.1061/40776 (155) 12.
[2]	S. I. Sarsam and E. Al-Azzawi “Assessment of Asphalt Binder Stripping using Surface Free Energy” Research and Application of Material journal, RAM, Vol. 1 No. 3, 2013 (P 27-30), Sciknow Publications Ltd. USA. 2013.
[3]	S. I. Sarsam and S. Al-Sadik “Modeling Aging Impact on Physical Properties of Asphalt Cement” Research Journal of Modeling and Simulation, RJMS, May, Vol. 1 (2) (P20-29). Sciknow Publications Ltd. USA. 2014.
[4]	A. Habal, and D. Singh, ‘Comparison of Wilhelmy plate and Sessile drop methods to rank moisture damage susceptibility of asphalt – Aggregates combinations” Construction and Building Materials, 113, 351–358. 2016. http://Doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat. 2016.03.060.
[5]	A. W. Hefer, A. Bhasin, and D. N. Little, “Bitumen Surface Energy Characterization Using a Contact Angle Approach” Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 18 (6), 759–767. 2006. http: //Doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561 (2006).
[6]	S. I. Sarsam and I. M. Lafta “Assessing Rheological Behavior of Modified Paving Asphalt Cement” American Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering, (AJCSE), Vol. 1 (3) p. 47-54, July. Sciknow Publications Ltd. USA. 2014.
[7]	J. Wei and Y. Zhang, “Application of Sessile Drop Method to Determine Surface Free Energy of Asphalt and Aggregate” Journal of Testing and Evaluation, Vol. 40, No. 5, pp. 807-813, 2012. https: //Doi.org/10.1520/JTE20120060. ISSN 0090-3973.
[8]	S. I. Sarsam and M. K. Abdulhussain “Assessing Surface Free Energy Component of Modified Asphalt Cement” Proceedings, 4th Conference of the Middle East Society of Asphalt Technologists, MESAT 2018, July 4-6, Beirut- Lebanon pp. 65-75. 2018.
[9]	D. Little and A. Bhasin “Using Surface Energy Measurements to Select Materials for Asphalt Pavement” NCHRP Web only document 104, Final Report for NCHRP Project 9-37. National Cooperative Highway Research Program. USA. 2006.
[10]	J. Howson, A. Bhasin, E. Masad, R. Lytton, and D. Little “Development of a database for surface energy of aggregates and asphalt binders” Report FHWA/TX-09/5-4524-01-1, Texas Department of Transportation, Research and Technology Implementation Office, USA. 2009.
[11]	S. I. Sarsam and M. K. Abdulhussain “Influence of Blending Technique on Surface Free Energy of Modified Asphalt Cement” Trends in Transport Engineering and Applications, STM Journals, Vol.5 Issue 1, Pp. 22-31. 2018.
[12]	G. H. Hamedi, and F. Nejad, “Using energy parameters based on the surface free energy concept to evaluate the moisture susceptibility of hot mix asphalt” Road Materials and Pavement Design, 16 (2), 2014. 239–255. http: //Doi:10.1080/14680629.2014.990049.
[13]	ASTM, “Road and Paving Materials” Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Volume 04.03, American Society for Testing and Materials, USA. 2013.
[14]	SCRB “Standard Specification for Roads and Bridges” Section R/9, Revised Edition. State Commotion of Roads and Bridges, Ministry of Housing and Construction, Republic of Iraq. 2003.

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Saad Issa Sarsam, Rana Khalid Hamdan. (2019). Influence of Recycling Agent on Surface Free Energy of Asphalt Cement. American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, 4(1), 17-23. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20190401.13

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ACS Style

Saad Issa Sarsam; Rana Khalid Hamdan. Influence of Recycling Agent on Surface Free Energy of Asphalt Cement. Am. J. Traffic Transp. Eng. 2019, 4(1), 17-23. doi: 10.11648/j.ajtte.20190401.13

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AMA Style

Saad Issa Sarsam, Rana Khalid Hamdan. Influence of Recycling Agent on Surface Free Energy of Asphalt Cement. Am J Traffic Transp Eng. 2019;4(1):17-23. doi: 10.11648/j.ajtte.20190401.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajtte.20190401.13,
  author = {Saad Issa Sarsam and Rana Khalid Hamdan},
  title = {Influence of Recycling Agent on Surface Free Energy of Asphalt Cement},
  journal = {American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering},
  volume = {4},
  number = {1},
  pages = {17-23},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajtte.20190401.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20190401.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajtte.20190401.13},
  abstract = {Reliable surface free energy characterization is required in order to implement the suitable recycling agent into aged asphalt. One proven method to estimate asphalt surface free energy is to calculate it using contact angles measured with various liquids. The efficiency of recycling agent in terms of its impact on rheology and surface free energy of asphalt cement is vital in the decision of recycling aged asphalt concrete. In this investigation, asphalt cement of penetration grade 40-50 was subjected to aging using the thin film oven test. The aged and the control asphalt cement samples have been digested with various percentages of two type of polymer recycling agents (Polyethylene and crumb rubber). Recycled and control asphalt cement specimens were subjected to physical and rheological properties determination, while the surface free energy was determined using Wilhelmy plate and Sessile drop methods. It was observed that the surface free energy decreases after aging, while it increases after digestion with polymers. Digestion of aged asphalt cement with polyethylene was able to retain the original surface free energy of asphalt cement before aging, while a higher percentage of 1.5 polyethylene has improved the surface free energy beyond the requirements. Digestion of aged asphalt cement with crumb rubber was able to increase the surface free energy of asphalt cement by one-fold of that before aging when Wilhelmy plate method was implemented, while a higher percentage of 1.0 of crumb rubber has improved the surface free energy beyond the requirements.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Influence of Recycling Agent on Surface Free Energy of Asphalt Cement
AU  - Saad Issa Sarsam
AU  - Rana Khalid Hamdan
Y1  - 2019/05/09
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20190401.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajtte.20190401.13
T2  - American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering
SP  - 17
EP  - 23
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-8604
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20190401.13
AB  - Reliable surface free energy characterization is required in order to implement the suitable recycling agent into aged asphalt. One proven method to estimate asphalt surface free energy is to calculate it using contact angles measured with various liquids. The efficiency of recycling agent in terms of its impact on rheology and surface free energy of asphalt cement is vital in the decision of recycling aged asphalt concrete. In this investigation, asphalt cement of penetration grade 40-50 was subjected to aging using the thin film oven test. The aged and the control asphalt cement samples have been digested with various percentages of two type of polymer recycling agents (Polyethylene and crumb rubber). Recycled and control asphalt cement specimens were subjected to physical and rheological properties determination, while the surface free energy was determined using Wilhelmy plate and Sessile drop methods. It was observed that the surface free energy decreases after aging, while it increases after digestion with polymers. Digestion of aged asphalt cement with polyethylene was able to retain the original surface free energy of asphalt cement before aging, while a higher percentage of 1.5 polyethylene has improved the surface free energy beyond the requirements. Digestion of aged asphalt cement with crumb rubber was able to increase the surface free energy of asphalt cement by one-fold of that before aging when Wilhelmy plate method was implemented, while a higher percentage of 1.0 of crumb rubber has improved the surface free energy beyond the requirements.
VL  - 4
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Saad Issa Sarsam

Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
Rana Khalid Hamdan

Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq

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APA Style

Saad Issa Sarsam, Rana Khalid Hamdan. (2019). Influence of Recycling Agent on Surface Free Energy of Asphalt Cement. American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, 4(1), 17-23. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20190401.13

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ACS Style

Saad Issa Sarsam; Rana Khalid Hamdan. Influence of Recycling Agent on Surface Free Energy of Asphalt Cement. Am. J. Traffic Transp. Eng. 2019, 4(1), 17-23. doi: 10.11648/j.ajtte.20190401.13

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AMA Style

Saad Issa Sarsam, Rana Khalid Hamdan. Influence of Recycling Agent on Surface Free Energy of Asphalt Cement. Am J Traffic Transp Eng. 2019;4(1):17-23. doi: 10.11648/j.ajtte.20190401.13

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajtte.20190401.13,
  author = {Saad Issa Sarsam and Rana Khalid Hamdan},
  title = {Influence of Recycling Agent on Surface Free Energy of Asphalt Cement},
  journal = {American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering},
  volume = {4},
  number = {1},
  pages = {17-23},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajtte.20190401.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20190401.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajtte.20190401.13},
  abstract = {Reliable surface free energy characterization is required in order to implement the suitable recycling agent into aged asphalt. One proven method to estimate asphalt surface free energy is to calculate it using contact angles measured with various liquids. The efficiency of recycling agent in terms of its impact on rheology and surface free energy of asphalt cement is vital in the decision of recycling aged asphalt concrete. In this investigation, asphalt cement of penetration grade 40-50 was subjected to aging using the thin film oven test. The aged and the control asphalt cement samples have been digested with various percentages of two type of polymer recycling agents (Polyethylene and crumb rubber). Recycled and control asphalt cement specimens were subjected to physical and rheological properties determination, while the surface free energy was determined using Wilhelmy plate and Sessile drop methods. It was observed that the surface free energy decreases after aging, while it increases after digestion with polymers. Digestion of aged asphalt cement with polyethylene was able to retain the original surface free energy of asphalt cement before aging, while a higher percentage of 1.5 polyethylene has improved the surface free energy beyond the requirements. Digestion of aged asphalt cement with crumb rubber was able to increase the surface free energy of asphalt cement by one-fold of that before aging when Wilhelmy plate method was implemented, while a higher percentage of 1.0 of crumb rubber has improved the surface free energy beyond the requirements.},
 year = {2019}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Influence of Recycling Agent on Surface Free Energy of Asphalt Cement
AU  - Saad Issa Sarsam
AU  - Rana Khalid Hamdan
Y1  - 2019/05/09
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20190401.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajtte.20190401.13
T2  - American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering
SP  - 17
EP  - 23
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-8604
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20190401.13
AB  - Reliable surface free energy characterization is required in order to implement the suitable recycling agent into aged asphalt. One proven method to estimate asphalt surface free energy is to calculate it using contact angles measured with various liquids. The efficiency of recycling agent in terms of its impact on rheology and surface free energy of asphalt cement is vital in the decision of recycling aged asphalt concrete. In this investigation, asphalt cement of penetration grade 40-50 was subjected to aging using the thin film oven test. The aged and the control asphalt cement samples have been digested with various percentages of two type of polymer recycling agents (Polyethylene and crumb rubber). Recycled and control asphalt cement specimens were subjected to physical and rheological properties determination, while the surface free energy was determined using Wilhelmy plate and Sessile drop methods. It was observed that the surface free energy decreases after aging, while it increases after digestion with polymers. Digestion of aged asphalt cement with polyethylene was able to retain the original surface free energy of asphalt cement before aging, while a higher percentage of 1.5 polyethylene has improved the surface free energy beyond the requirements. Digestion of aged asphalt cement with crumb rubber was able to increase the surface free energy of asphalt cement by one-fold of that before aging when Wilhelmy plate method was implemented, while a higher percentage of 1.0 of crumb rubber has improved the surface free energy beyond the requirements.
VL  - 4
IS  - 1
ER  -

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