Majority of the Island inhabitants depends on groundwaters for drinking therefore the hydrogeochemistry and health risks assessment with respect to WHO standards is absolutely essential for protection policy formulation. The groundwater samples for analyses were collected from selected four wells within each (Chukwani-Mbweni, DarajaMbovu - Amani and Mwanakwerekwe) suburb during the moderate rainy season of January 2020. The selection was based on their strategic positions taking into consideration relevant geographical and environmental factors commensurable with this study. Various contaminants and physiochemical parameters were determined using Atomic Absorption spectroscopy, GC/MS, Temp/pH/TDS/EC meter and DR/3900 spectrophotometer. Chemical Oxygen Demand values were also determined. Microbial contamination was determined using the MPN technique. The results show that these groundwaters are slightly alkaline, microbially contaminated, have high C.O.D. values ranging from 188.5 to 305.7 mg/L indicating the existence of some organic based endocrine disruptive elements, and disparities in water quality parameters with respect to the recommended WHO standards thus ascertaining possible public health risks. The research recommends the need for continuous monitoring, assessment and treatment of these raw groundwaters for drinking at the point of collection rather relying on the old conventional boiling method or drinking as it is.
| Published in | American Journal of Water Science and Engineering (Volume 7, Issue 3) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ajwse.20210703.13 |
| Page(s) | 113-125 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Unguja, Hydrogeochemistry, Ground Waters, Quality Parameters, Endocrine Disruptive Chemicals, Health Risks
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APA Style
Ochieng O. Anthony, Ali Salim Ali, Hekimani Seif Hamad, Mariam Khamis Hamad, Khamis Abubakar Juma. (2021). Hydrogeochemistry and Health Risks Assessment of Some Groundwaters Suitability for Drinking Within the Urban Region of Unguja Island, Zanzibar. American Journal of Water Science and Engineering, 7(3), 113-125. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajwse.20210703.13
ACS Style
Ochieng O. Anthony; Ali Salim Ali; Hekimani Seif Hamad; Mariam Khamis Hamad; Khamis Abubakar Juma. Hydrogeochemistry and Health Risks Assessment of Some Groundwaters Suitability for Drinking Within the Urban Region of Unguja Island, Zanzibar. Am. J. Water Sci. Eng. 2021, 7(3), 113-125. doi: 10.11648/j.ajwse.20210703.13
AMA Style
Ochieng O. Anthony, Ali Salim Ali, Hekimani Seif Hamad, Mariam Khamis Hamad, Khamis Abubakar Juma. Hydrogeochemistry and Health Risks Assessment of Some Groundwaters Suitability for Drinking Within the Urban Region of Unguja Island, Zanzibar. Am J Water Sci Eng. 2021;7(3):113-125. doi: 10.11648/j.ajwse.20210703.13
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Download@article{10.11648/j.ajwse.20210703.13,
author = {Ochieng O. Anthony and Ali Salim Ali and Hekimani Seif Hamad and Mariam Khamis Hamad and Khamis Abubakar Juma},
title = {Hydrogeochemistry and Health Risks Assessment of Some Groundwaters Suitability for Drinking Within the Urban Region of Unguja Island, Zanzibar},
journal = {American Journal of Water Science and Engineering},
volume = {7},
number = {3},
pages = {113-125},
doi = {10.11648/j.ajwse.20210703.13},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajwse.20210703.13},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajwse.20210703.13},
abstract = {Majority of the Island inhabitants depends on groundwaters for drinking therefore the hydrogeochemistry and health risks assessment with respect to WHO standards is absolutely essential for protection policy formulation. The groundwater samples for analyses were collected from selected four wells within each (Chukwani-Mbweni, DarajaMbovu - Amani and Mwanakwerekwe) suburb during the moderate rainy season of January 2020. The selection was based on their strategic positions taking into consideration relevant geographical and environmental factors commensurable with this study. Various contaminants and physiochemical parameters were determined using Atomic Absorption spectroscopy, GC/MS, Temp/pH/TDS/EC meter and DR/3900 spectrophotometer. Chemical Oxygen Demand values were also determined. Microbial contamination was determined using the MPN technique. The results show that these groundwaters are slightly alkaline, microbially contaminated, have high C.O.D. values ranging from 188.5 to 305.7 mg/L indicating the existence of some organic based endocrine disruptive elements, and disparities in water quality parameters with respect to the recommended WHO standards thus ascertaining possible public health risks. The research recommends the need for continuous monitoring, assessment and treatment of these raw groundwaters for drinking at the point of collection rather relying on the old conventional boiling method or drinking as it is.},
year = {2021}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrogeochemistry and Health Risks Assessment of Some Groundwaters Suitability for Drinking Within the Urban Region of Unguja Island, Zanzibar AU - Ochieng O. Anthony AU - Ali Salim Ali AU - Hekimani Seif Hamad AU - Mariam Khamis Hamad AU - Khamis Abubakar Juma Y1 - 2021/09/10 PY - 2021 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajwse.20210703.13 DO - 10.11648/j.ajwse.20210703.13 T2 - American Journal of Water Science and Engineering JF - American Journal of Water Science and Engineering JO - American Journal of Water Science and Engineering SP - 113 EP - 125 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2575-1875 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajwse.20210703.13 AB - Majority of the Island inhabitants depends on groundwaters for drinking therefore the hydrogeochemistry and health risks assessment with respect to WHO standards is absolutely essential for protection policy formulation. The groundwater samples for analyses were collected from selected four wells within each (Chukwani-Mbweni, DarajaMbovu - Amani and Mwanakwerekwe) suburb during the moderate rainy season of January 2020. The selection was based on their strategic positions taking into consideration relevant geographical and environmental factors commensurable with this study. Various contaminants and physiochemical parameters were determined using Atomic Absorption spectroscopy, GC/MS, Temp/pH/TDS/EC meter and DR/3900 spectrophotometer. Chemical Oxygen Demand values were also determined. Microbial contamination was determined using the MPN technique. The results show that these groundwaters are slightly alkaline, microbially contaminated, have high C.O.D. values ranging from 188.5 to 305.7 mg/L indicating the existence of some organic based endocrine disruptive elements, and disparities in water quality parameters with respect to the recommended WHO standards thus ascertaining possible public health risks. The research recommends the need for continuous monitoring, assessment and treatment of these raw groundwaters for drinking at the point of collection rather relying on the old conventional boiling method or drinking as it is. VL - 7 IS - 3 ER -
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