Prevalence and Biomarkers of Diabetic Kidney Disease in Diabetic Patients on Treatment in Buea and Ngaoundere, Cameroon

Mbarawa Marat Kofia Ibrahim; Asongalem Emmanuel Acha; Nsagha Dickson Shey; Njouendou Abdel Jelil; Assob Nguedia Jules Clement

doi:doi:10.11648/j.bio.20200805.11

Prevalence and Biomarkers of Diabetic Kidney Disease in Diabetic Patients on Treatment in Buea and Ngaoundere, Cameroon

Mbarawa Marat Kofia Ibrahim, Asongalem Emmanuel Acha, Nsagha Dickson Shey, Njouendou Abdel Jelil, Assob Nguedia Jules Clement

Published in American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering (Volume 8, Issue 5)

Received: 23 July 2020 Accepted: 4 August 2020 Published: 30 October 2020

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Abstract

Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD) is a complication of diabetes that often leads to the End Stage Renal Disease. It is characterised by the presence of persistent albuminuria and a reduction of the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) in diabetic condition. No study has revealed the prevalence of DKD in Cameroon. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Buea and Ngaoundere to determine the prevalence of DKD and characterize its biochemical profile in diabetic population under medical care. A total of 250 diabetics were enrolled with a mean age of 56.78±12.06 years, out of which 59.6% were diagnosed with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), 32.8% presented micro-albuminuria and 3.6% were diagnosed with macroalbuminuria. The prevalence of DKD was 15.2% out of which 78.9% were females (p=0.002). The prevalence of the co-morbidity hypertension and DKD was 8.8%. Significant association was found between DKD and two variables: female gender (OR: 2.28 (1.21-4.29); p=0.002) and hyper-creatinemia (OR: 3.47 (2.13-5.66); p < 0.001). The high prevalence of micro-albuminuria found in this study may reflect a high frequency of micro-albuminuria in diabetic population in Cameroon. This study is the first, to assess DKD in Cameroon according to the ADA consensus on CKD and diabetes. The findings showed that, diabetic complication is a serious problem in Cameroon and, more actions should be taken to improve its management.

Published in	American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering (Volume 8, Issue 5)
DOI	10.11648/j.bio.20200805.11
Page(s)	84-91
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

DKD, Diabetes, Cameroon, GFR, ADA Consensus, KDIGO

References

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Mbarawa Marat Kofia Ibrahim, Asongalem Emmanuel Acha, Nsagha Dickson Shey, Njouendou Abdel Jelil, Assob Nguedia Jules Clement. (2020). Prevalence and Biomarkers of Diabetic Kidney Disease in Diabetic Patients on Treatment in Buea and Ngaoundere, Cameroon. American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 8(5), 84-91. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bio.20200805.11

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ACS Style

Mbarawa Marat Kofia Ibrahim; Asongalem Emmanuel Acha; Nsagha Dickson Shey; Njouendou Abdel Jelil; Assob Nguedia Jules Clement. Prevalence and Biomarkers of Diabetic Kidney Disease in Diabetic Patients on Treatment in Buea and Ngaoundere, Cameroon. Am. J. BioSci. Bioeng. 2020, 8(5), 84-91. doi: 10.11648/j.bio.20200805.11

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AMA Style

Mbarawa Marat Kofia Ibrahim, Asongalem Emmanuel Acha, Nsagha Dickson Shey, Njouendou Abdel Jelil, Assob Nguedia Jules Clement. Prevalence and Biomarkers of Diabetic Kidney Disease in Diabetic Patients on Treatment in Buea and Ngaoundere, Cameroon. Am J BioSci Bioeng. 2020;8(5):84-91. doi: 10.11648/j.bio.20200805.11

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@article{10.11648/j.bio.20200805.11,
  author = {Mbarawa Marat Kofia Ibrahim and Asongalem Emmanuel Acha and Nsagha Dickson Shey and Njouendou Abdel Jelil and Assob Nguedia Jules Clement},
  title = {Prevalence and Biomarkers of Diabetic Kidney Disease in Diabetic Patients on Treatment in Buea and Ngaoundere, Cameroon},
  journal = {American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering},
  volume = {8},
  number = {5},
  pages = {84-91},
  doi = {10.11648/j.bio.20200805.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bio.20200805.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.bio.20200805.11},
  abstract = {Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD) is a complication of diabetes that often leads to the End Stage Renal Disease. It is characterised by the presence of persistent albuminuria and a reduction of the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) in diabetic condition. No study has revealed the prevalence of DKD in Cameroon. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Buea and Ngaoundere to determine the prevalence of DKD and characterize its biochemical profile in diabetic population under medical care. A total of 250 diabetics were enrolled with a mean age of 56.78±12.06 years, out of which 59.6% were diagnosed with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), 32.8% presented micro-albuminuria and 3.6% were diagnosed with macroalbuminuria. The prevalence of DKD was 15.2% out of which 78.9% were females (p=0.002). The prevalence of the co-morbidity hypertension and DKD was 8.8%. Significant association was found between DKD and two variables: female gender (OR: 2.28 (1.21-4.29); p=0.002) and hyper-creatinemia (OR: 3.47 (2.13-5.66); p < 0.001). The high prevalence of micro-albuminuria found in this study may reflect a high frequency of micro-albuminuria in diabetic population in Cameroon. This study is the first, to assess DKD in Cameroon according to the ADA consensus on CKD and diabetes. The findings showed that, diabetic complication is a serious problem in Cameroon and, more actions should be taken to improve its management.},
 year = {2020}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Prevalence and Biomarkers of Diabetic Kidney Disease in Diabetic Patients on Treatment in Buea and Ngaoundere, Cameroon
AU - Mbarawa Marat Kofia Ibrahim
AU - Asongalem Emmanuel Acha
AU - Nsagha Dickson Shey
AU - Njouendou Abdel Jelil
AU - Assob Nguedia Jules Clement
Y1 - 2020/10/30
PY - 2020
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bio.20200805.11
DO - 10.11648/j.bio.20200805.11
T2 - American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering
JF - American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering
JO - American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering
SP - 84
EP - 91
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2328-5893
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bio.20200805.11
AB - Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD) is a complication of diabetes that often leads to the End Stage Renal Disease. It is characterised by the presence of persistent albuminuria and a reduction of the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) in diabetic condition. No study has revealed the prevalence of DKD in Cameroon. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Buea and Ngaoundere to determine the prevalence of DKD and characterize its biochemical profile in diabetic population under medical care. A total of 250 diabetics were enrolled with a mean age of 56.78±12.06 years, out of which 59.6% were diagnosed with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), 32.8% presented micro-albuminuria and 3.6% were diagnosed with macroalbuminuria. The prevalence of DKD was 15.2% out of which 78.9% were females (p=0.002). The prevalence of the co-morbidity hypertension and DKD was 8.8%. Significant association was found between DKD and two variables: female gender (OR: 2.28 (1.21-4.29); p=0.002) and hyper-creatinemia (OR: 3.47 (2.13-5.66); p < 0.001). The high prevalence of micro-albuminuria found in this study may reflect a high frequency of micro-albuminuria in diabetic population in Cameroon. This study is the first, to assess DKD in Cameroon according to the ADA consensus on CKD and diabetes. The findings showed that, diabetic complication is a serious problem in Cameroon and, more actions should be taken to improve its management.
VL - 8
IS - 5
ER -

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Author Information

Mbarawa Marat Kofia Ibrahim

Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
Asongalem Emmanuel Acha

Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
Nsagha Dickson Shey

Department of Public Health and Hygiene, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
Njouendou Abdel Jelil

Medical Research and Applied Biochemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
Assob Nguedia Jules Clement

Medical Research and Applied Biochemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon

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Mbarawa Marat Kofia Ibrahim, Asongalem Emmanuel Acha, Nsagha Dickson Shey, Njouendou Abdel Jelil, Assob Nguedia Jules Clement. (2020). Prevalence and Biomarkers of Diabetic Kidney Disease in Diabetic Patients on Treatment in Buea and Ngaoundere, Cameroon. American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 8(5), 84-91. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bio.20200805.11

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ACS Style

Mbarawa Marat Kofia Ibrahim; Asongalem Emmanuel Acha; Nsagha Dickson Shey; Njouendou Abdel Jelil; Assob Nguedia Jules Clement. Prevalence and Biomarkers of Diabetic Kidney Disease in Diabetic Patients on Treatment in Buea and Ngaoundere, Cameroon. Am. J. BioSci. Bioeng. 2020, 8(5), 84-91. doi: 10.11648/j.bio.20200805.11

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AMA Style

Mbarawa Marat Kofia Ibrahim, Asongalem Emmanuel Acha, Nsagha Dickson Shey, Njouendou Abdel Jelil, Assob Nguedia Jules Clement. Prevalence and Biomarkers of Diabetic Kidney Disease in Diabetic Patients on Treatment in Buea and Ngaoundere, Cameroon. Am J BioSci Bioeng. 2020;8(5):84-91. doi: 10.11648/j.bio.20200805.11

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@article{10.11648/j.bio.20200805.11,
  author = {Mbarawa Marat Kofia Ibrahim and Asongalem Emmanuel Acha and Nsagha Dickson Shey and Njouendou Abdel Jelil and Assob Nguedia Jules Clement},
  title = {Prevalence and Biomarkers of Diabetic Kidney Disease in Diabetic Patients on Treatment in Buea and Ngaoundere, Cameroon},
  journal = {American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering},
  volume = {8},
  number = {5},
  pages = {84-91},
  doi = {10.11648/j.bio.20200805.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bio.20200805.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.bio.20200805.11},
  abstract = {Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD) is a complication of diabetes that often leads to the End Stage Renal Disease. It is characterised by the presence of persistent albuminuria and a reduction of the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) in diabetic condition. No study has revealed the prevalence of DKD in Cameroon. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Buea and Ngaoundere to determine the prevalence of DKD and characterize its biochemical profile in diabetic population under medical care. A total of 250 diabetics were enrolled with a mean age of 56.78±12.06 years, out of which 59.6% were diagnosed with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), 32.8% presented micro-albuminuria and 3.6% were diagnosed with macroalbuminuria. The prevalence of DKD was 15.2% out of which 78.9% were females (p=0.002). The prevalence of the co-morbidity hypertension and DKD was 8.8%. Significant association was found between DKD and two variables: female gender (OR: 2.28 (1.21-4.29); p=0.002) and hyper-creatinemia (OR: 3.47 (2.13-5.66); p < 0.001). The high prevalence of micro-albuminuria found in this study may reflect a high frequency of micro-albuminuria in diabetic population in Cameroon. This study is the first, to assess DKD in Cameroon according to the ADA consensus on CKD and diabetes. The findings showed that, diabetic complication is a serious problem in Cameroon and, more actions should be taken to improve its management.},
 year = {2020}
}

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