,
Waindim Yisa Tufoin Albert,
Yuyoh Gemlak Paul,
Foba Josepha Tendo,
Richard Nyengefe Saingwea,
Noubissie Tchoko Romuald Loic
The non-biodegradability of plastics released into the environment makes the soils infertile, impedes the drainage of waste water and rain water in existing gutters and the spread of waterborne diseases which are traits to human life. This study aimed at producing roofing sheet from waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and river sand. Sand was collected from the river while plastic bottles were collected from the environment. The physical properties of the sand such as natural water content, specific gravity, apparent density, grain size analysis, Sand equivalent test and Organic matter content were determined. Nine different sample formulation of ten each were moulded with sand/PET content of 90/10, 80/20, 70/30, 60/40, 50/50, 40/60, 30/70, 20/80, 10/90 (A to I). Water absorption rate, flexural strength, impact test and drilling test were determined. It was observed that the averages of natural water content, specific gravity and apparent density were 0.871%, 2.66 and 1.654g/cm3 respectively. The coefficients of uniformity, coefficient of curvature and fineness modulus of sand from grain size analysis were 3.17, 0.79 and 2.97 respectively. The averages of visual and piston sand equivalent and organic matter content were 94.89%, 89.82% and 2.42% respectively. The rates of water absorption of composites were 3.62% to 0.11% at saturation. Flexural strength and impact were 200.5daN/cm2 and 123J/mm2 respectively while the drilling time was maximum at 80% sand. These results obtained reveal that plastic/sand composite can be used as a roofing material.
| Published in | Composite Materials (Volume 8, Issue 2) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.cm.20240802.13 |
| Page(s) | 44-56 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Physical Properties, Mechanical Properties, Plastic Waste, Sand/Plastic Composite, River Sand, Roofing Sheet
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APA Style
Nafu, Y. R., Gilbert, T., Albert, W. Y. T., Paul, Y. G., Tendo, F. J., et al. (2024). Experimental Study of Physical Properties of River Sand on the Mechanical Properties of Sand/Plastic Composites for Roofing. Composite Materials, 8(2), 44-56. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cm.20240802.13
ACS Style
Nafu, Y. R.; Gilbert, T.; Albert, W. Y. T.; Paul, Y. G.; Tendo, F. J., et al. Experimental Study of Physical Properties of River Sand on the Mechanical Properties of Sand/Plastic Composites for Roofing. Compos. Mater. 2024, 8(2), 44-56. doi: 10.11648/j.cm.20240802.13
AMA Style
Nafu YR, Gilbert T, Albert WYT, Paul YG, Tendo FJ, et al. Experimental Study of Physical Properties of River Sand on the Mechanical Properties of Sand/Plastic Composites for Roofing. Compos Mater. 2024;8(2):44-56. doi: 10.11648/j.cm.20240802.13
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Download@article{10.11648/j.cm.20240802.13,
author = {Yakum Reneta Nafu and Tchemou Gilbert and Waindim Yisa Tufoin Albert and Yuyoh Gemlak Paul and Foba Josepha Tendo and Richard Nyengefe Saingwea and Noubissie Tchoko Romuald Loic},
title = {Experimental Study of Physical Properties of River Sand on the Mechanical Properties of Sand/Plastic Composites for Roofing
},
journal = {Composite Materials},
volume = {8},
number = {2},
pages = {44-56},
doi = {10.11648/j.cm.20240802.13},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cm.20240802.13},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.cm.20240802.13},
abstract = {The non-biodegradability of plastics released into the environment makes the soils infertile, impedes the drainage of waste water and rain water in existing gutters and the spread of waterborne diseases which are traits to human life. This study aimed at producing roofing sheet from waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and river sand. Sand was collected from the river while plastic bottles were collected from the environment. The physical properties of the sand such as natural water content, specific gravity, apparent density, grain size analysis, Sand equivalent test and Organic matter content were determined. Nine different sample formulation of ten each were moulded with sand/PET content of 90/10, 80/20, 70/30, 60/40, 50/50, 40/60, 30/70, 20/80, 10/90 (A to I). Water absorption rate, flexural strength, impact test and drilling test were determined. It was observed that the averages of natural water content, specific gravity and apparent density were 0.871%, 2.66 and 1.654g/cm3 respectively. The coefficients of uniformity, coefficient of curvature and fineness modulus of sand from grain size analysis were 3.17, 0.79 and 2.97 respectively. The averages of visual and piston sand equivalent and organic matter content were 94.89%, 89.82% and 2.42% respectively. The rates of water absorption of composites were 3.62% to 0.11% at saturation. Flexural strength and impact were 200.5daN/cm2 and 123J/mm2 respectively while the drilling time was maximum at 80% sand. These results obtained reveal that plastic/sand composite can be used as a roofing material.
},
year = {2024}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental Study of Physical Properties of River Sand on the Mechanical Properties of Sand/Plastic Composites for Roofing AU - Yakum Reneta Nafu AU - Tchemou Gilbert AU - Waindim Yisa Tufoin Albert AU - Yuyoh Gemlak Paul AU - Foba Josepha Tendo AU - Richard Nyengefe Saingwea AU - Noubissie Tchoko Romuald Loic Y1 - 2024/11/28 PY - 2024 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cm.20240802.13 DO - 10.11648/j.cm.20240802.13 T2 - Composite Materials JF - Composite Materials JO - Composite Materials SP - 44 EP - 56 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2994-7103 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cm.20240802.13 AB - The non-biodegradability of plastics released into the environment makes the soils infertile, impedes the drainage of waste water and rain water in existing gutters and the spread of waterborne diseases which are traits to human life. This study aimed at producing roofing sheet from waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and river sand. Sand was collected from the river while plastic bottles were collected from the environment. The physical properties of the sand such as natural water content, specific gravity, apparent density, grain size analysis, Sand equivalent test and Organic matter content were determined. Nine different sample formulation of ten each were moulded with sand/PET content of 90/10, 80/20, 70/30, 60/40, 50/50, 40/60, 30/70, 20/80, 10/90 (A to I). Water absorption rate, flexural strength, impact test and drilling test were determined. It was observed that the averages of natural water content, specific gravity and apparent density were 0.871%, 2.66 and 1.654g/cm3 respectively. The coefficients of uniformity, coefficient of curvature and fineness modulus of sand from grain size analysis were 3.17, 0.79 and 2.97 respectively. The averages of visual and piston sand equivalent and organic matter content were 94.89%, 89.82% and 2.42% respectively. The rates of water absorption of composites were 3.62% to 0.11% at saturation. Flexural strength and impact were 200.5daN/cm2 and 123J/mm2 respectively while the drilling time was maximum at 80% sand. These results obtained reveal that plastic/sand composite can be used as a roofing material. VL - 8 IS - 2 ER -
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Higher Technical Teacher Training College Bambili, The University of Bamenda, Bamenda, Cameroon;Laboratory of Mechanics and Adapted Materials, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon;Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, National Higher Polytechnic Institute, The University of Bamenda, Bamenda Cameroon
Laboratory of Mechanics and Adapted Materials, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Higher Technical Teacher Training College Bambili, The University of Bamenda, Bamenda, Cameroon
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Higher Technical Teacher Training College Bambili, The University of Bamenda, Bamenda, Cameroon;Laboratory of Mechanics and Adapted Materials, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
Department of chemistry, faculty of science, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, National Higher Polytechnic Institute, The University of Bamenda, Bamenda Cameroon
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Higher Technical Teacher Training College Bambili, The University of Bamenda, Bamenda, Cameroon;Resaerch Group for Innovative Materials, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
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