A promising alternative of the conventional camshaft in internal combustion engines is one that replaces the camshaft with electromagnetic actuators. This so-called camless system provides great opportunities for the automotive industry. To investigate the advantage of the system against the cam system firstly, we modelled the lift profiles of both systems with novel mathematical expressions. For the camless system we modelled an Electromagnetic Valve Actuating (EMVA) system that captures a plant transfer function and a PID controller with a set-point tracking scheme. Simulation result in MATLAB/Simulink of the theoretical camless lift profile was imported into Curve Fitting (CF) Toolbox of MATLAB and the novel mathematical model was realized. Experimentally measured data for the camless lift profile were then fitted with this model and a tuned experimental model was realized. While for the cam system, the mathematical model was developed directly from experimental data via Curve Fitting Toolbox of MATLAB. Secondly, we computed volumetric efficiencies of both systems using the novel mathematical lift profiles at different engine speeds. The camless system was observed to outperform the cam system.
| Published in | Engineering and Applied Sciences (Volume 2, Issue 5) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.eas.20170205.12 |
| Page(s) | 89-98 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Camless System (EMVA), Cam System, MATLAB/Simulink, Curve Fitting Toolbox
| [1] | V. Giglio et al (2001). Preliminary Experiences in the Design of an Electromechanical Valve Actuator. SAE Technical Paper, no. 24-0016. |
| [2] | K. Nagaya et al (2006). Valve Timing and Valve Lift Control Mechanism for Engines. Mechatronics, 16(2):121–129. |
| [3] | T. G. Leone et al (1996). Comparison of Variable Camshaft Timing Strategies at Part Load. SAE Technical Paper, no. 960584. |
| [4] | R. Flierl et al (2006). Improvements to a four cylinder gasoline engine through the fully variable valve lift and timing system univalve. SAE Technical Paper, no. 01-0223. |
| [5] | R. A. Stein et al (1995). A variable Camshaft Timing Strategy for Improved Fuel Economy and Emissions. SAE Technical Paper, no. 950975. |
| [6] | M. M. Schechter and M. B. Levin (1996). Camless engine. SAE Technical Paper, no. 960581. |
| [7] | M. S. Ashhab et al (1998). Control for a Robust Un-throttled Operation. SAE Technical Paper, no. 981031. |
| [8] | R. Alzate et al (2007). Experimental and numerical verification of bifurcations and chaos in cam-follower impacting systems. Nonlinear Dynamics, 50(3):409–429. |
| [9] | SAE (2008). Variable Valve Optimization. SP-2174. SAE International,. ISBN 978-0-7680-2016-8. |
| [10] | A. di Gaeta et al (2010) Experimental Investigation of a Double Magnet EMVA at Key-On engine: A Mechanical Resonance Based Control Strategy. SAE International Journal of Engines, 3(2):352–372. |
| [11] | C. David et al (2008). Fully Flexible Electromagnetic Valve Actuator: Design, Modelling, and Measurements," SAE paper no. 01-1350. |
| [12] | Al. Williams (2002), Microcontroller projects using the Basic Stamp (2nd ed.), Focal press P.344 ISBN 978-1-57820-101-3 |
| [13] | C. Gunselmann and J. Melbert (2004). Soft-landing Control for Sensor-less Electromagnetical Spring-Mass Actuators. In Proc. of Second International Conference on Power Electronics, Machines and Drives (PEMD), volume 2, pages 715–718. |
| [14] | Tai and T. C. Tsao (2003). Control of an electromechanical actuator for camless engines. In In Proc. of the American Control Conference, pages 3113–3118, Denver, Colorado. |
| [15] | R. R. Chladny and Charles R. Koch (2008). Flatness-based tracking of an electromechanical variable valve timing actuator with disturbance observer feedforward compensation. IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology, 16(4):652–663. |
| [16] | C. H. Velasco (2011). Modelling, Analysis, Control and Experimental Validation of Electromechanical Valve Actuators in Automotive Systems. PhD Thesis, Department of Systems and Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNIVERSITY OF NAPLES FEDERICO II Naples, Italy. |
| [17] | J. L. Chukwunek et al (2013). Modelling of Electromechanical Control of Camless Internal Combustion Engine Valve Actuator. International Journal of Science and Engineering Investigations, ISSN: 2251-8843. |
| [18] | C. Puchalsy et al (2015). Modelica Application for Camless Engine Valve Development. 2nd Internatioanl Modelica Conference, Proceedings, pp 77-86. |
| [19] | K. J. Astrom, Tore Hagglund (2006). Advanced PID Control ISBN 1-55617-942-1 |
| [20] | The MathWorks, Inc. (2001-2016). Curve Fitting ToolboxTM User’s Guide R2016a. |
| [21] | Parlikar et al (2005). Design and Experimental Implementation of an Electromagnetic Engine Valve Drive. IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics 10, no. 5: 482–494. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TMECH.2005.856221. |
| [22] | H. A. Rothbart (2004). Cam Design Handbook. McGraw-Hill Handbook, ISBN 0-07-137757-3. |
| [23] | D. Cope and A. Wright (2015). Engineering Matters Inc. 375 Elliot Street, Suit 130K, Newton, MA 02464. http://www.engineeringmatters.com/index.php |
| [24] | R. Ebrahimi et al (2010). Performance of an Otto Engine with Volumetric Efficiency. Journal of American Science 2010; 6(3):27-31, ISSN: 1545-1003. |
| [25] | A. Irimescu (2010). Study of Volumetric Efficiency for Spark Ignition Engines Using Alternative Fuels. ANUL XVII, ISSN 1453-7397. |
| [26] | B. A. Paden et al (2015). Modeling and Control of an Electromagnetic Variable Valve Actuation System. IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics, Vol. 20, No. 6, 1083-4435. |
| [27] | P. J. Pritchard (2011). Introduction to Fluid Mechanics. ISBN-13 9780470547557. |
APA Style
Aliyu Bhar Kisabo, Musa James Ibrahim, Opasina Ayodele Oluwafemi. (2017). Comparative Analysis Between Cam and Cam-less Valve Actuating for Automotive System. Engineering and Applied Sciences, 2(5), 89-98. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20170205.12
ACS Style
Aliyu Bhar Kisabo; Musa James Ibrahim; Opasina Ayodele Oluwafemi. Comparative Analysis Between Cam and Cam-less Valve Actuating for Automotive System. Eng. Appl. Sci. 2017, 2(5), 89-98. doi: 10.11648/j.eas.20170205.12
AMA Style
Aliyu Bhar Kisabo, Musa James Ibrahim, Opasina Ayodele Oluwafemi. Comparative Analysis Between Cam and Cam-less Valve Actuating for Automotive System. Eng Appl Sci. 2017;2(5):89-98. doi: 10.11648/j.eas.20170205.12
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.eas.20170205.12,
author = {Aliyu Bhar Kisabo and Musa James Ibrahim and Opasina Ayodele Oluwafemi},
title = {Comparative Analysis Between Cam and Cam-less Valve Actuating for Automotive System},
journal = {Engineering and Applied Sciences},
volume = {2},
number = {5},
pages = {89-98},
doi = {10.11648/j.eas.20170205.12},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20170205.12},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.eas.20170205.12},
abstract = {A promising alternative of the conventional camshaft in internal combustion engines is one that replaces the camshaft with electromagnetic actuators. This so-called camless system provides great opportunities for the automotive industry. To investigate the advantage of the system against the cam system firstly, we modelled the lift profiles of both systems with novel mathematical expressions. For the camless system we modelled an Electromagnetic Valve Actuating (EMVA) system that captures a plant transfer function and a PID controller with a set-point tracking scheme. Simulation result in MATLAB/Simulink of the theoretical camless lift profile was imported into Curve Fitting (CF) Toolbox of MATLAB and the novel mathematical model was realized. Experimentally measured data for the camless lift profile were then fitted with this model and a tuned experimental model was realized. While for the cam system, the mathematical model was developed directly from experimental data via Curve Fitting Toolbox of MATLAB. Secondly, we computed volumetric efficiencies of both systems using the novel mathematical lift profiles at different engine speeds. The camless system was observed to outperform the cam system.},
year = {2017}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative Analysis Between Cam and Cam-less Valve Actuating for Automotive System AU - Aliyu Bhar Kisabo AU - Musa James Ibrahim AU - Opasina Ayodele Oluwafemi Y1 - 2017/11/28 PY - 2017 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20170205.12 DO - 10.11648/j.eas.20170205.12 T2 - Engineering and Applied Sciences JF - Engineering and Applied Sciences JO - Engineering and Applied Sciences SP - 89 EP - 98 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2575-1468 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20170205.12 AB - A promising alternative of the conventional camshaft in internal combustion engines is one that replaces the camshaft with electromagnetic actuators. This so-called camless system provides great opportunities for the automotive industry. To investigate the advantage of the system against the cam system firstly, we modelled the lift profiles of both systems with novel mathematical expressions. For the camless system we modelled an Electromagnetic Valve Actuating (EMVA) system that captures a plant transfer function and a PID controller with a set-point tracking scheme. Simulation result in MATLAB/Simulink of the theoretical camless lift profile was imported into Curve Fitting (CF) Toolbox of MATLAB and the novel mathematical model was realized. Experimentally measured data for the camless lift profile were then fitted with this model and a tuned experimental model was realized. While for the cam system, the mathematical model was developed directly from experimental data via Curve Fitting Toolbox of MATLAB. Secondly, we computed volumetric efficiencies of both systems using the novel mathematical lift profiles at different engine speeds. The camless system was observed to outperform the cam system. VL - 2 IS - 5 ER -
Information
Email: