This paper presents development of an electrical protection scheme using Arduino microcontroller for a prototype solar power system. First, literature review is carried out on numerical relays for the protection scheme having solar panel output of 12V DC, which is then converted into 220V AC power output using an inverter. Specifically two types of faults are demonstrated neglecting the fault impedance: (i) Over Current fault; (ii) Differential Overcurrent fault. Subsequently, as per the magnitude of the fault current, an Inverse-Definite Time (IDMT) characteristics are studied to pre-set the operational features of a relay. Afterwords, the relay signals are programmed using an Arduino Microcontroller. The proposed setup consists of 115V/15V transformer; 50W variable rheostat; electro-mechanical relay and low burden electronic current sensors (ACS712) to measure fault current. Then 220V AC auto-transformer is used to tap the voltage to a level of 115V as per the opted transformer. The work identifies the difference between the magnitudes of input-output of currents of a transformer and if magnitude is more than the pre-set value in AC section, finally a tripping signal will operate to disconnect the abnormal part. Further, setting of differential relay is investigated to find the efficient operation of the solar power system. Then validation of prototype model is done by creating an intentional fault using variable rheostat as load. This work investigates efficiently to obtain accurate results on both internal and external faults. In total the proposed scheme consumes less power, which is suitable to develop a prototype protection scheme.
| Published in | American Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems (Volume 4, Issue 6) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.epes.20150406.13 |
| Page(s) | 100-105 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Arduino, Differential Relay, Overcurrent Relay, Inverter, ACS712 Current Sensor, Rheostat.
| [1] | Aaditya G. V., Reddy M. S., Rao K. V, Ashish P. C, “project report” Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Gokaraju Rangaraju Institute of Engineering & Technology, Bachupally, Hyderabad, 2010. |
| [2] | Nollette S., 2014, Microprocessor-based relays offer extra value, Control Engineering [Online]: Available from: http://www.controleng.com/single-article/microprocessor-based-relays-offer-extra-value/911ed9a6dde5fa4528a3c087a9ab4c3f.html. |
| [3] | Special report on IEEE Power System Relaying Committee, 2011, 57th IEEE Pulp and Paper Industry Conference. [Online]https://www.eiseverywhere.com/file_uploads/ae8b333bd131b9146e01907d95ec0fcb_Synchronous_Generator_Protection_PPT.pdf. |
| [4] | Ouahdi Dris Farag. M, Elmareimi Rekina Fouad, “Transformer Differential Protection Scheme With Internal Faults Detection Algorithm Using Second Harmonics Restrain and Fifth Harmonics Blocking Logic, 5th International Conf. On Electrical änd Electronics Engg., 5-9 December 2007, Bursa, Turkey. |
| [5] | Nader Barsoum, Chai Zen Lee, “Simulation of Power Flow and Protection of a Limited Bus Grid System with Injected Solar Power”, Energy and Power Engineering, 2013, 5, 59-69. |
| [6] | Kumar V. L and Garividi S. T. I. C, Microprocessor Relay for protection of Electrical System, Ubiquity, 7(20), 2006, p. 15-23. |
| [7] | Thomas R. M “Electromechanical Relays Versus Solid-State: Each Has Its Place”, Sep 2002, [Online] Available from: www.electronicdesign.com/components. |
| [8] | Sairam A., Sandeep P, Vilas B, Manideep K, Kumar V. R, “Project Repot” in Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Gokaraju Rangaraju Institute of Engineering and Technology, Bachupally, Hyderabad, 2014. |
| [9] | Vincent Demay, Current monitoring with non-invasive sensor and arduino, [Online]: Available fom: http://www.homautomation.org/2013/09/17/current-monitoring-with-non-invasive-sensor-and-arduino. |
| [10] | Fully Integrated, Hall Effect-Based Linear Current Sensor IC with 2.1 kVRMS Isolation and a Low-Resistance Current conductor [Online]: Available form: https://maxwell.ict.griffith.edu.au/sok/ees/resources/Current.pdf. |
| [11] | Ken Behrendt, David Costello, Stanley E. Zocholl Considerations for Using High-Impedance or Low-Impedance Relays for Bus Differential Protection 49th Annual Industrial & Commercial Power Systems Technical IEEE Conference, Stone Mountain, Georgia, April 30–May 3, 2013. |
| [12] | Glenn Roemer, FAE, Pulse Engineering Current Sensors in Power Metering Applications, page-1-4 Available form: http://www.pulseelectronics.com/docs/ white_paper.pdf. |
APA Style
Titu Bhowmick, Dharmasa. (2015). Development of Prototype Protection Setup for Standalone Solar Power System. American Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems, 4(6), 100-105. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.epes.20150406.13
ACS Style
Titu Bhowmick; Dharmasa. Development of Prototype Protection Setup for Standalone Solar Power System. Am. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst. 2015, 4(6), 100-105. doi: 10.11648/j.epes.20150406.13
AMA Style
Titu Bhowmick, Dharmasa. Development of Prototype Protection Setup for Standalone Solar Power System. Am J Electr Power Energy Syst. 2015;4(6):100-105. doi: 10.11648/j.epes.20150406.13
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.epes.20150406.13,
author = {Titu Bhowmick and Dharmasa},
title = {Development of Prototype Protection Setup for Standalone Solar Power System},
journal = {American Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems},
volume = {4},
number = {6},
pages = {100-105},
doi = {10.11648/j.epes.20150406.13},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.epes.20150406.13},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.epes.20150406.13},
abstract = {This paper presents development of an electrical protection scheme using Arduino microcontroller for a prototype solar power system. First, literature review is carried out on numerical relays for the protection scheme having solar panel output of 12V DC, which is then converted into 220V AC power output using an inverter. Specifically two types of faults are demonstrated neglecting the fault impedance: (i) Over Current fault; (ii) Differential Overcurrent fault. Subsequently, as per the magnitude of the fault current, an Inverse-Definite Time (IDMT) characteristics are studied to pre-set the operational features of a relay. Afterwords, the relay signals are programmed using an Arduino Microcontroller. The proposed setup consists of 115V/15V transformer; 50W variable rheostat; electro-mechanical relay and low burden electronic current sensors (ACS712) to measure fault current. Then 220V AC auto-transformer is used to tap the voltage to a level of 115V as per the opted transformer. The work identifies the difference between the magnitudes of input-output of currents of a transformer and if magnitude is more than the pre-set value in AC section, finally a tripping signal will operate to disconnect the abnormal part. Further, setting of differential relay is investigated to find the efficient operation of the solar power system. Then validation of prototype model is done by creating an intentional fault using variable rheostat as load. This work investigates efficiently to obtain accurate results on both internal and external faults. In total the proposed scheme consumes less power, which is suitable to develop a prototype protection scheme.},
year = {2015}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Development of Prototype Protection Setup for Standalone Solar Power System AU - Titu Bhowmick AU - Dharmasa Y1 - 2015/12/30 PY - 2015 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.epes.20150406.13 DO - 10.11648/j.epes.20150406.13 T2 - American Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems JF - American Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems JO - American Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems SP - 100 EP - 105 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2326-9200 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.epes.20150406.13 AB - This paper presents development of an electrical protection scheme using Arduino microcontroller for a prototype solar power system. First, literature review is carried out on numerical relays for the protection scheme having solar panel output of 12V DC, which is then converted into 220V AC power output using an inverter. Specifically two types of faults are demonstrated neglecting the fault impedance: (i) Over Current fault; (ii) Differential Overcurrent fault. Subsequently, as per the magnitude of the fault current, an Inverse-Definite Time (IDMT) characteristics are studied to pre-set the operational features of a relay. Afterwords, the relay signals are programmed using an Arduino Microcontroller. The proposed setup consists of 115V/15V transformer; 50W variable rheostat; electro-mechanical relay and low burden electronic current sensors (ACS712) to measure fault current. Then 220V AC auto-transformer is used to tap the voltage to a level of 115V as per the opted transformer. The work identifies the difference between the magnitudes of input-output of currents of a transformer and if magnitude is more than the pre-set value in AC section, finally a tripping signal will operate to disconnect the abnormal part. Further, setting of differential relay is investigated to find the efficient operation of the solar power system. Then validation of prototype model is done by creating an intentional fault using variable rheostat as load. This work investigates efficiently to obtain accurate results on both internal and external faults. In total the proposed scheme consumes less power, which is suitable to develop a prototype protection scheme. VL - 4 IS - 6 ER -
Information
Email: