Socioeconomic Determinants of National Hospital Insurance Fund Health Contributions and Absorption: A Time Series Investigation Among the Counties in Kenya

Eugene Wanzetse Musungu

doi:doi:10.11648/j.hep.20210601.11

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Socioeconomic Determinants of National Hospital Insurance Fund Health Contributions and Absorption: A Time Series Investigation Among the Counties in Kenya

Eugene Wanzetse Musungu

Published in International Journal of Health Economics and Policy (Volume 6, Issue 1)

Received: 25 January 2021 Accepted: 2 February 2021 Published: 20 February 2021

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Abstract

The aim of this investigation was to analyze socioeconomic determinants of National Hospital Insurance Fund Health contributions and absorption. The investigation was conducted in two study areas; the 47 counties and NHIF. First, the investigation targeted the 47 County Governments in Kenya. The study collected secondary data on the socioeconomic variables including; level of education, level of income and GDP from the respective 47 counties in Kenya collected from the Kenya Economic Review (2014-2020). The second investigation area was NHIF where collecting the annual audited financial statements from the NHIF between 2013/2014 – 2019/2020 financial years obtained from Kenya Auditor General, a total of 7 years resulting into 329 observations. The investigation employed a mixed research design, descriptive research design and casual-correlation research design. Findings on the relationship between educational level and income the socioeconomic determinants and NHIF contributions, the study established significant relationship between county education level (r=0.2813, p=0.010), counties income (r=6.3706, p=0.048) and NHIF contributions. Therefore the hypothesis HO₁ that individual socioeconomic factors among the 47 counties in Kenya do not significantly influence NHIF contribution was rejected. On the other hand, findings on the relationship between socioeconomic determinants and NHIF absorptions, at individual socioeconomic determinants level significant relationship between education level, the study established significant relationship between county education level (r=0.02863, p=0.007), counties income (r=6.3906, p=0.040) and NHIF absorptions. Therefore the hypothesis HO₂ that individual socioeconomic factors among the 47 counties in Kenya do not significantly influence NHIF absorption was rejected. Further findings on relationship between combined socioeconomic determinants and NHIF contributions established that all the determinants including counties GDP had significant relationship with NHIF contributions (Counties education level r=0. 02708, p=0.015, counties income level r=0. 0220, p=0.005, counties GDP r=-1.17749, p=0.015). The hypothesis HO₃ that the combined socioeconomic factors among the 47 counties in Kenya do not significantly influence NHIF contribution was rejected. Concerning the relationship between the combined socioeconomic determinants and NHIF absorption, the study also established that all the determinants including counties GDP had significant relationship with NHIF absorptions (Counties education level r=0.02766, p=0.010, counties income level r=0.0224, p=0.003, counties GDP r-1.207783, p=0.010). The hypothesis HO₄ that the combined socioeconomic factors among the 47 counties in Kenya do not significantly influence NHIF absorption was rejected.

Published in	International Journal of Health Economics and Policy (Volume 6, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.hep.20210601.11
Page(s)	1-13
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Socioeconomic Determinants, Health Insurance Contributions, Health Insurance Assurance, Health Insurance Economics

References

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Eugene Wanzetse Musungu. (2021). Socioeconomic Determinants of National Hospital Insurance Fund Health Contributions and Absorption: A Time Series Investigation Among the Counties in Kenya. International Journal of Health Economics and Policy, 6(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hep.20210601.11

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Eugene Wanzetse Musungu. Socioeconomic Determinants of National Hospital Insurance Fund Health Contributions and Absorption: A Time Series Investigation Among the Counties in Kenya. Int. J. Health Econ. Policy 2021, 6(1), 1-13. doi: 10.11648/j.hep.20210601.11

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Eugene Wanzetse Musungu. Socioeconomic Determinants of National Hospital Insurance Fund Health Contributions and Absorption: A Time Series Investigation Among the Counties in Kenya. Int J Health Econ Policy. 2021;6(1):1-13. doi: 10.11648/j.hep.20210601.11

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@article{10.11648/j.hep.20210601.11,
  author = {Eugene Wanzetse Musungu},
  title = {Socioeconomic Determinants of National Hospital Insurance Fund Health Contributions and Absorption: A Time Series Investigation Among the Counties in Kenya},
  journal = {International Journal of Health Economics and Policy},
  volume = {6},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-13},
  doi = {10.11648/j.hep.20210601.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hep.20210601.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.hep.20210601.11},
  abstract = {The aim of this investigation was to analyze socioeconomic determinants of National Hospital Insurance Fund Health contributions and absorption. The investigation was conducted in two study areas; the 47 counties and NHIF. First, the investigation targeted the 47 County Governments in Kenya. The study collected secondary data on the socioeconomic variables including; level of education, level of income and GDP from the respective 47 counties in Kenya collected from the Kenya Economic Review (2014-2020). The second investigation area was NHIF where collecting the annual audited financial statements from the NHIF between 2013/2014 – 2019/2020 financial years obtained from Kenya Auditor General, a total of 7 years resulting into 329 observations. The investigation employed a mixed research design, descriptive research design and casual-correlation research design. Findings on the relationship between educational level and income the socioeconomic determinants and NHIF contributions, the study established significant relationship between county education level (r=0.2813, p=0.010), counties income (r=6.3706, p=0.048) and NHIF contributions. Therefore the hypothesis HO1 that individual socioeconomic factors among the 47 counties in Kenya do not significantly influence NHIF contribution was rejected. On the other hand, findings on the relationship between socioeconomic determinants and NHIF absorptions, at individual socioeconomic determinants level significant relationship between education level, the study established significant relationship between county education level (r=0.02863, p=0.007), counties income (r=6.3906, p=0.040) and NHIF absorptions. Therefore the hypothesis HO2 that individual socioeconomic factors among the 47 counties in Kenya do not significantly influence NHIF absorption was rejected. Further findings on relationship between combined socioeconomic determinants and NHIF contributions established that all the determinants including counties GDP had significant relationship with NHIF contributions (Counties education level r=0. 02708, p=0.015, counties income level r=0. 0220, p=0.005, counties GDP r=-1.17749, p=0.015). The hypothesis HO3 that the combined socioeconomic factors among the 47 counties in Kenya do not significantly influence NHIF contribution was rejected. Concerning the relationship between the combined socioeconomic determinants and NHIF absorption, the study also established that all the determinants including counties GDP had significant relationship with NHIF absorptions (Counties education level r=0.02766, p=0.010, counties income level r=0.0224, p=0.003, counties GDP r-1.207783, p=0.010). The hypothesis HO4 that the combined socioeconomic factors among the 47 counties in Kenya do not significantly influence NHIF absorption was rejected.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Socioeconomic Determinants of National Hospital Insurance Fund Health Contributions and Absorption: A Time Series Investigation Among the Counties in Kenya
AU  - Eugene Wanzetse Musungu
Y1  - 2021/02/20
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hep.20210601.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.hep.20210601.11
T2  - International Journal of Health Economics and Policy
JF  - International Journal of Health Economics and Policy
JO  - International Journal of Health Economics and Policy
SP  - 1
EP  - 13
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-9309
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hep.20210601.11
AB  - The aim of this investigation was to analyze socioeconomic determinants of National Hospital Insurance Fund Health contributions and absorption. The investigation was conducted in two study areas; the 47 counties and NHIF. First, the investigation targeted the 47 County Governments in Kenya. The study collected secondary data on the socioeconomic variables including; level of education, level of income and GDP from the respective 47 counties in Kenya collected from the Kenya Economic Review (2014-2020). The second investigation area was NHIF where collecting the annual audited financial statements from the NHIF between 2013/2014 – 2019/2020 financial years obtained from Kenya Auditor General, a total of 7 years resulting into 329 observations. The investigation employed a mixed research design, descriptive research design and casual-correlation research design. Findings on the relationship between educational level and income the socioeconomic determinants and NHIF contributions, the study established significant relationship between county education level (r=0.2813, p=0.010), counties income (r=6.3706, p=0.048) and NHIF contributions. Therefore the hypothesis HO1 that individual socioeconomic factors among the 47 counties in Kenya do not significantly influence NHIF contribution was rejected. On the other hand, findings on the relationship between socioeconomic determinants and NHIF absorptions, at individual socioeconomic determinants level significant relationship between education level, the study established significant relationship between county education level (r=0.02863, p=0.007), counties income (r=6.3906, p=0.040) and NHIF absorptions. Therefore the hypothesis HO2 that individual socioeconomic factors among the 47 counties in Kenya do not significantly influence NHIF absorption was rejected. Further findings on relationship between combined socioeconomic determinants and NHIF contributions established that all the determinants including counties GDP had significant relationship with NHIF contributions (Counties education level r=0. 02708, p=0.015, counties income level r=0. 0220, p=0.005, counties GDP r=-1.17749, p=0.015). The hypothesis HO3 that the combined socioeconomic factors among the 47 counties in Kenya do not significantly influence NHIF contribution was rejected. Concerning the relationship between the combined socioeconomic determinants and NHIF absorption, the study also established that all the determinants including counties GDP had significant relationship with NHIF absorptions (Counties education level r=0.02766, p=0.010, counties income level r=0.0224, p=0.003, counties GDP r-1.207783, p=0.010). The hypothesis HO4 that the combined socioeconomic factors among the 47 counties in Kenya do not significantly influence NHIF absorption was rejected.
VL  - 6
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Eugene Wanzetse Musungu

School of Medicine and Health Science, Kabarak University, Nakuru, Kenya

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Eugene Wanzetse Musungu. (2021). Socioeconomic Determinants of National Hospital Insurance Fund Health Contributions and Absorption: A Time Series Investigation Among the Counties in Kenya. International Journal of Health Economics and Policy, 6(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hep.20210601.11

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Eugene Wanzetse Musungu. Socioeconomic Determinants of National Hospital Insurance Fund Health Contributions and Absorption: A Time Series Investigation Among the Counties in Kenya. Int. J. Health Econ. Policy 2021, 6(1), 1-13. doi: 10.11648/j.hep.20210601.11

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Eugene Wanzetse Musungu. Socioeconomic Determinants of National Hospital Insurance Fund Health Contributions and Absorption: A Time Series Investigation Among the Counties in Kenya. Int J Health Econ Policy. 2021;6(1):1-13. doi: 10.11648/j.hep.20210601.11

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@article{10.11648/j.hep.20210601.11,
  author = {Eugene Wanzetse Musungu},
  title = {Socioeconomic Determinants of National Hospital Insurance Fund Health Contributions and Absorption: A Time Series Investigation Among the Counties in Kenya},
  journal = {International Journal of Health Economics and Policy},
  volume = {6},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-13},
  doi = {10.11648/j.hep.20210601.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hep.20210601.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.hep.20210601.11},
  abstract = {The aim of this investigation was to analyze socioeconomic determinants of National Hospital Insurance Fund Health contributions and absorption. The investigation was conducted in two study areas; the 47 counties and NHIF. First, the investigation targeted the 47 County Governments in Kenya. The study collected secondary data on the socioeconomic variables including; level of education, level of income and GDP from the respective 47 counties in Kenya collected from the Kenya Economic Review (2014-2020). The second investigation area was NHIF where collecting the annual audited financial statements from the NHIF between 2013/2014 – 2019/2020 financial years obtained from Kenya Auditor General, a total of 7 years resulting into 329 observations. The investigation employed a mixed research design, descriptive research design and casual-correlation research design. Findings on the relationship between educational level and income the socioeconomic determinants and NHIF contributions, the study established significant relationship between county education level (r=0.2813, p=0.010), counties income (r=6.3706, p=0.048) and NHIF contributions. Therefore the hypothesis HO1 that individual socioeconomic factors among the 47 counties in Kenya do not significantly influence NHIF contribution was rejected. On the other hand, findings on the relationship between socioeconomic determinants and NHIF absorptions, at individual socioeconomic determinants level significant relationship between education level, the study established significant relationship between county education level (r=0.02863, p=0.007), counties income (r=6.3906, p=0.040) and NHIF absorptions. Therefore the hypothesis HO2 that individual socioeconomic factors among the 47 counties in Kenya do not significantly influence NHIF absorption was rejected. Further findings on relationship between combined socioeconomic determinants and NHIF contributions established that all the determinants including counties GDP had significant relationship with NHIF contributions (Counties education level r=0. 02708, p=0.015, counties income level r=0. 0220, p=0.005, counties GDP r=-1.17749, p=0.015). The hypothesis HO3 that the combined socioeconomic factors among the 47 counties in Kenya do not significantly influence NHIF contribution was rejected. Concerning the relationship between the combined socioeconomic determinants and NHIF absorption, the study also established that all the determinants including counties GDP had significant relationship with NHIF absorptions (Counties education level r=0.02766, p=0.010, counties income level r=0.0224, p=0.003, counties GDP r-1.207783, p=0.010). The hypothesis HO4 that the combined socioeconomic factors among the 47 counties in Kenya do not significantly influence NHIF absorption was rejected.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Socioeconomic Determinants of National Hospital Insurance Fund Health Contributions and Absorption: A Time Series Investigation Among the Counties in Kenya
AU  - Eugene Wanzetse Musungu
Y1  - 2021/02/20
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hep.20210601.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.hep.20210601.11
T2  - International Journal of Health Economics and Policy
JF  - International Journal of Health Economics and Policy
JO  - International Journal of Health Economics and Policy
SP  - 1
EP  - 13
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-9309
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hep.20210601.11
AB  - The aim of this investigation was to analyze socioeconomic determinants of National Hospital Insurance Fund Health contributions and absorption. The investigation was conducted in two study areas; the 47 counties and NHIF. First, the investigation targeted the 47 County Governments in Kenya. The study collected secondary data on the socioeconomic variables including; level of education, level of income and GDP from the respective 47 counties in Kenya collected from the Kenya Economic Review (2014-2020). The second investigation area was NHIF where collecting the annual audited financial statements from the NHIF between 2013/2014 – 2019/2020 financial years obtained from Kenya Auditor General, a total of 7 years resulting into 329 observations. The investigation employed a mixed research design, descriptive research design and casual-correlation research design. Findings on the relationship between educational level and income the socioeconomic determinants and NHIF contributions, the study established significant relationship between county education level (r=0.2813, p=0.010), counties income (r=6.3706, p=0.048) and NHIF contributions. Therefore the hypothesis HO1 that individual socioeconomic factors among the 47 counties in Kenya do not significantly influence NHIF contribution was rejected. On the other hand, findings on the relationship between socioeconomic determinants and NHIF absorptions, at individual socioeconomic determinants level significant relationship between education level, the study established significant relationship between county education level (r=0.02863, p=0.007), counties income (r=6.3906, p=0.040) and NHIF absorptions. Therefore the hypothesis HO2 that individual socioeconomic factors among the 47 counties in Kenya do not significantly influence NHIF absorption was rejected. Further findings on relationship between combined socioeconomic determinants and NHIF contributions established that all the determinants including counties GDP had significant relationship with NHIF contributions (Counties education level r=0. 02708, p=0.015, counties income level r=0. 0220, p=0.005, counties GDP r=-1.17749, p=0.015). The hypothesis HO3 that the combined socioeconomic factors among the 47 counties in Kenya do not significantly influence NHIF contribution was rejected. Concerning the relationship between the combined socioeconomic determinants and NHIF absorption, the study also established that all the determinants including counties GDP had significant relationship with NHIF absorptions (Counties education level r=0.02766, p=0.010, counties income level r=0.0224, p=0.003, counties GDP r-1.207783, p=0.010). The hypothesis HO4 that the combined socioeconomic factors among the 47 counties in Kenya do not significantly influence NHIF absorption was rejected.
VL  - 6
IS  - 1
ER  -

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