Comparative Analysis of Health Research Financing as a Veritable Tool for Achieving and Sustaining Universal Health Coverage in Nigeria and South Africa

Adeneye Adeniyi Kazeem; Sulyman Medinat Ayobami; Adeneye Adejuwon Adewale; Olayemi Olalekan Moses; Salami Kabiru Kunle

doi:doi:10.11648/j.hep.20210604.11

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Comparative Analysis of Health Research Financing as a Veritable Tool for Achieving and Sustaining Universal Health Coverage in Nigeria and South Africa

Adeneye Adeniyi Kazeem, Sulyman Medinat Ayobami, Adeneye Adejuwon Adewale, Olayemi Olalekan Moses, Salami Kabiru Kunle

Published in International Journal of Health Economics and Policy (Volume 6, Issue 4)

Received: 4 May 2021 Accepted: 7 June 2021 Published: 12 October 2021

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Abstract

Background: Nigeria is a signatory to the Abuja Declaration on allocation of 15% of the national budget to health and World Health Organization declarations that call on countries to allocate at least 2% of the national health expenditure to research. This review estimated the percentage share allocation of Nigeria’s national budget to health and health research. Method: This is a documentary review of the national budget and research literature on healthcare financing in Nigeria and South Africa, Africa’s largest economies. No date restrictions were placed on the searches except the special focus on the national treasury reports and annual institutional financial reports published between 2012 and 2018. We searched nine electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, SCOPUS, Cochrane library, Academic Search Complete, Google and Google Scholar and HINARI) and, national treasury Databases of Nigeria and South Africa with search terms that included public health financing. Results: Nigeria’s total budget increased by 83% from N4.7 trillion (USD13.1 billion) in 2012 to N8.6 trillion (USD23.9 billion) with a corresponding 26% increase in health allocation and 55.4% growth in health research allocation between 2012 and 2018. In contrast, South Africa’s total budget increased by 57.5% from R1.06 trillion (USD74.3 billion) in 2012 to R1.67 trillion (USD117.1 billion) with a corresponding 68.4% increase in health allocation that fluctuated between R122 billion (USD8.6 billion) and R205.4 billion (USD14.4 billion) in the same period. The percentage increase in health research allocation for South Africa was 69.3% in the same period. While South Africa with near universal health coverage (UHC) allocated an average of 11.7% and 1.2% to health and health research respectively in 2012-2018, Nigeria allocated only an average of 5.0% and 0.74% to health and health research respectively in the same period with no trajectory towards achieving the 15% and 2% targets. Conclusions: Findings underscore very poor health sector and health research funding in Nigeria and still far from meeting the targets of international declarations in contrast to SA. Realizing the pivotal role of a strong health research base, substantial increase in health and health research budget allocations to meet the 15% and 2% targets respectively are required to achieve and sustain UHC and improved health outcomes in Nigeria by 2030.

Published in	International Journal of Health Economics and Policy (Volume 6, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.hep.20210604.11
Page(s)	100-117
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Health Financing, Government Health Expenditure, Health Research, Universal Health Coverage, Nigeria, South Africa

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Adeneye Adeniyi Kazeem, Sulyman Medinat Ayobami, Adeneye Adejuwon Adewale, Olayemi Olalekan Moses, Salami Kabiru Kunle. (2021). Comparative Analysis of Health Research Financing as a Veritable Tool for Achieving and Sustaining Universal Health Coverage in Nigeria and South Africa. International Journal of Health Economics and Policy, 6(4), 100-117. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hep.20210604.11

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Adeneye Adeniyi Kazeem; Sulyman Medinat Ayobami; Adeneye Adejuwon Adewale; Olayemi Olalekan Moses; Salami Kabiru Kunle. Comparative Analysis of Health Research Financing as a Veritable Tool for Achieving and Sustaining Universal Health Coverage in Nigeria and South Africa. Int. J. Health Econ. Policy 2021, 6(4), 100-117. doi: 10.11648/j.hep.20210604.11

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Adeneye Adeniyi Kazeem, Sulyman Medinat Ayobami, Adeneye Adejuwon Adewale, Olayemi Olalekan Moses, Salami Kabiru Kunle. Comparative Analysis of Health Research Financing as a Veritable Tool for Achieving and Sustaining Universal Health Coverage in Nigeria and South Africa. Int J Health Econ Policy. 2021;6(4):100-117. doi: 10.11648/j.hep.20210604.11

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@article{10.11648/j.hep.20210604.11,
  author = {Adeneye Adeniyi Kazeem and Sulyman Medinat Ayobami and Adeneye Adejuwon Adewale and Olayemi Olalekan Moses and Salami Kabiru Kunle},
  title = {Comparative Analysis of Health Research Financing as a Veritable Tool for Achieving and Sustaining Universal Health Coverage in Nigeria and South Africa},
  journal = {International Journal of Health Economics and Policy},
  volume = {6},
  number = {4},
  pages = {100-117},
  doi = {10.11648/j.hep.20210604.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hep.20210604.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.hep.20210604.11},
  abstract = {Background: Nigeria is a signatory to the Abuja Declaration on allocation of 15% of the national budget to health and World Health Organization declarations that call on countries to allocate at least 2% of the national health expenditure to research. This review estimated the percentage share allocation of Nigeria’s national budget to health and health research. Method: This is a documentary review of the national budget and research literature on healthcare financing in Nigeria and South Africa, Africa’s largest economies. No date restrictions were placed on the searches except the special focus on the national treasury reports and annual institutional financial reports published between 2012 and 2018. We searched nine electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, SCOPUS, Cochrane library, Academic Search Complete, Google and Google Scholar and HINARI) and, national treasury Databases of Nigeria and South Africa with search terms that included public health financing. Results: Nigeria’s total budget increased by 83% from N4.7 trillion (USD13.1 billion) in 2012 to N8.6 trillion (USD23.9 billion) with a corresponding 26% increase in health allocation and 55.4% growth in health research allocation between 2012 and 2018. In contrast, South Africa’s total budget increased by 57.5% from R1.06 trillion (USD74.3 billion) in 2012 to R1.67 trillion (USD117.1 billion) with a corresponding 68.4% increase in health allocation that fluctuated between R122 billion (USD8.6 billion) and R205.4 billion (USD14.4 billion) in the same period. The percentage increase in health research allocation for South Africa was 69.3% in the same period. While South Africa with near universal health coverage (UHC) allocated an average of 11.7% and 1.2% to health and health research respectively in 2012-2018, Nigeria allocated only an average of 5.0% and 0.74% to health and health research respectively in the same period with no trajectory towards achieving the 15% and 2% targets. Conclusions: Findings underscore very poor health sector and health research funding in Nigeria and still far from meeting the targets of international declarations in contrast to SA. Realizing the pivotal role of a strong health research base, substantial increase in health and health research budget allocations to meet the 15% and 2% targets respectively are required to achieve and sustain UHC and improved health outcomes in Nigeria by 2030.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Comparative Analysis of Health Research Financing as a Veritable Tool for Achieving and Sustaining Universal Health Coverage in Nigeria and South Africa
AU  - Adeneye Adeniyi Kazeem
AU  - Sulyman Medinat Ayobami
AU  - Adeneye Adejuwon Adewale
AU  - Olayemi Olalekan Moses
AU  - Salami Kabiru Kunle
Y1  - 2021/10/12
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hep.20210604.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.hep.20210604.11
T2  - International Journal of Health Economics and Policy
JF  - International Journal of Health Economics and Policy
JO  - International Journal of Health Economics and Policy
SP  - 100
EP  - 117
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-9309
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hep.20210604.11
AB  - Background: Nigeria is a signatory to the Abuja Declaration on allocation of 15% of the national budget to health and World Health Organization declarations that call on countries to allocate at least 2% of the national health expenditure to research. This review estimated the percentage share allocation of Nigeria’s national budget to health and health research. Method: This is a documentary review of the national budget and research literature on healthcare financing in Nigeria and South Africa, Africa’s largest economies. No date restrictions were placed on the searches except the special focus on the national treasury reports and annual institutional financial reports published between 2012 and 2018. We searched nine electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, SCOPUS, Cochrane library, Academic Search Complete, Google and Google Scholar and HINARI) and, national treasury Databases of Nigeria and South Africa with search terms that included public health financing. Results: Nigeria’s total budget increased by 83% from N4.7 trillion (USD13.1 billion) in 2012 to N8.6 trillion (USD23.9 billion) with a corresponding 26% increase in health allocation and 55.4% growth in health research allocation between 2012 and 2018. In contrast, South Africa’s total budget increased by 57.5% from R1.06 trillion (USD74.3 billion) in 2012 to R1.67 trillion (USD117.1 billion) with a corresponding 68.4% increase in health allocation that fluctuated between R122 billion (USD8.6 billion) and R205.4 billion (USD14.4 billion) in the same period. The percentage increase in health research allocation for South Africa was 69.3% in the same period. While South Africa with near universal health coverage (UHC) allocated an average of 11.7% and 1.2% to health and health research respectively in 2012-2018, Nigeria allocated only an average of 5.0% and 0.74% to health and health research respectively in the same period with no trajectory towards achieving the 15% and 2% targets. Conclusions: Findings underscore very poor health sector and health research funding in Nigeria and still far from meeting the targets of international declarations in contrast to SA. Realizing the pivotal role of a strong health research base, substantial increase in health and health research budget allocations to meet the 15% and 2% targets respectively are required to achieve and sustain UHC and improved health outcomes in Nigeria by 2030.
VL  - 6
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Adeneye Adeniyi Kazeem

Health Policy and Systems Research Group, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
Sulyman Medinat Ayobami

Health Policy and Systems Research Group, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
Adeneye Adejuwon Adewale

Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria
Olayemi Olalekan Moses

Health Policy and Systems Research Group, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
Salami Kabiru Kunle

Department of Sociology, Faculty of the Social Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria

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Adeneye Adeniyi Kazeem, Sulyman Medinat Ayobami, Adeneye Adejuwon Adewale, Olayemi Olalekan Moses, Salami Kabiru Kunle. (2021). Comparative Analysis of Health Research Financing as a Veritable Tool for Achieving and Sustaining Universal Health Coverage in Nigeria and South Africa. International Journal of Health Economics and Policy, 6(4), 100-117. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hep.20210604.11

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ACS Style

Adeneye Adeniyi Kazeem; Sulyman Medinat Ayobami; Adeneye Adejuwon Adewale; Olayemi Olalekan Moses; Salami Kabiru Kunle. Comparative Analysis of Health Research Financing as a Veritable Tool for Achieving and Sustaining Universal Health Coverage in Nigeria and South Africa. Int. J. Health Econ. Policy 2021, 6(4), 100-117. doi: 10.11648/j.hep.20210604.11

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AMA Style

Adeneye Adeniyi Kazeem, Sulyman Medinat Ayobami, Adeneye Adejuwon Adewale, Olayemi Olalekan Moses, Salami Kabiru Kunle. Comparative Analysis of Health Research Financing as a Veritable Tool for Achieving and Sustaining Universal Health Coverage in Nigeria and South Africa. Int J Health Econ Policy. 2021;6(4):100-117. doi: 10.11648/j.hep.20210604.11

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@article{10.11648/j.hep.20210604.11,
  author = {Adeneye Adeniyi Kazeem and Sulyman Medinat Ayobami and Adeneye Adejuwon Adewale and Olayemi Olalekan Moses and Salami Kabiru Kunle},
  title = {Comparative Analysis of Health Research Financing as a Veritable Tool for Achieving and Sustaining Universal Health Coverage in Nigeria and South Africa},
  journal = {International Journal of Health Economics and Policy},
  volume = {6},
  number = {4},
  pages = {100-117},
  doi = {10.11648/j.hep.20210604.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hep.20210604.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.hep.20210604.11},
  abstract = {Background: Nigeria is a signatory to the Abuja Declaration on allocation of 15% of the national budget to health and World Health Organization declarations that call on countries to allocate at least 2% of the national health expenditure to research. This review estimated the percentage share allocation of Nigeria’s national budget to health and health research. Method: This is a documentary review of the national budget and research literature on healthcare financing in Nigeria and South Africa, Africa’s largest economies. No date restrictions were placed on the searches except the special focus on the national treasury reports and annual institutional financial reports published between 2012 and 2018. We searched nine electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, SCOPUS, Cochrane library, Academic Search Complete, Google and Google Scholar and HINARI) and, national treasury Databases of Nigeria and South Africa with search terms that included public health financing. Results: Nigeria’s total budget increased by 83% from N4.7 trillion (USD13.1 billion) in 2012 to N8.6 trillion (USD23.9 billion) with a corresponding 26% increase in health allocation and 55.4% growth in health research allocation between 2012 and 2018. In contrast, South Africa’s total budget increased by 57.5% from R1.06 trillion (USD74.3 billion) in 2012 to R1.67 trillion (USD117.1 billion) with a corresponding 68.4% increase in health allocation that fluctuated between R122 billion (USD8.6 billion) and R205.4 billion (USD14.4 billion) in the same period. The percentage increase in health research allocation for South Africa was 69.3% in the same period. While South Africa with near universal health coverage (UHC) allocated an average of 11.7% and 1.2% to health and health research respectively in 2012-2018, Nigeria allocated only an average of 5.0% and 0.74% to health and health research respectively in the same period with no trajectory towards achieving the 15% and 2% targets. Conclusions: Findings underscore very poor health sector and health research funding in Nigeria and still far from meeting the targets of international declarations in contrast to SA. Realizing the pivotal role of a strong health research base, substantial increase in health and health research budget allocations to meet the 15% and 2% targets respectively are required to achieve and sustain UHC and improved health outcomes in Nigeria by 2030.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Comparative Analysis of Health Research Financing as a Veritable Tool for Achieving and Sustaining Universal Health Coverage in Nigeria and South Africa
AU  - Adeneye Adeniyi Kazeem
AU  - Sulyman Medinat Ayobami
AU  - Adeneye Adejuwon Adewale
AU  - Olayemi Olalekan Moses
AU  - Salami Kabiru Kunle
Y1  - 2021/10/12
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hep.20210604.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.hep.20210604.11
T2  - International Journal of Health Economics and Policy
JF  - International Journal of Health Economics and Policy
JO  - International Journal of Health Economics and Policy
SP  - 100
EP  - 117
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-9309
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hep.20210604.11
AB  - Background: Nigeria is a signatory to the Abuja Declaration on allocation of 15% of the national budget to health and World Health Organization declarations that call on countries to allocate at least 2% of the national health expenditure to research. This review estimated the percentage share allocation of Nigeria’s national budget to health and health research. Method: This is a documentary review of the national budget and research literature on healthcare financing in Nigeria and South Africa, Africa’s largest economies. No date restrictions were placed on the searches except the special focus on the national treasury reports and annual institutional financial reports published between 2012 and 2018. We searched nine electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, SCOPUS, Cochrane library, Academic Search Complete, Google and Google Scholar and HINARI) and, national treasury Databases of Nigeria and South Africa with search terms that included public health financing. Results: Nigeria’s total budget increased by 83% from N4.7 trillion (USD13.1 billion) in 2012 to N8.6 trillion (USD23.9 billion) with a corresponding 26% increase in health allocation and 55.4% growth in health research allocation between 2012 and 2018. In contrast, South Africa’s total budget increased by 57.5% from R1.06 trillion (USD74.3 billion) in 2012 to R1.67 trillion (USD117.1 billion) with a corresponding 68.4% increase in health allocation that fluctuated between R122 billion (USD8.6 billion) and R205.4 billion (USD14.4 billion) in the same period. The percentage increase in health research allocation for South Africa was 69.3% in the same period. While South Africa with near universal health coverage (UHC) allocated an average of 11.7% and 1.2% to health and health research respectively in 2012-2018, Nigeria allocated only an average of 5.0% and 0.74% to health and health research respectively in the same period with no trajectory towards achieving the 15% and 2% targets. Conclusions: Findings underscore very poor health sector and health research funding in Nigeria and still far from meeting the targets of international declarations in contrast to SA. Realizing the pivotal role of a strong health research base, substantial increase in health and health research budget allocations to meet the 15% and 2% targets respectively are required to achieve and sustain UHC and improved health outcomes in Nigeria by 2030.
VL  - 6
IS  - 4
ER  -

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