Japan and South Korea’s Implication of Soft Power: Cultural Aspects, Education, and Foreign Aid Diplomacy

Kadir Aden Dirir

doi:doi:10.11648/j.hss.20221004.20

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Japan and South Korea’s Implication of Soft Power: Cultural Aspects, Education, and Foreign Aid Diplomacy

Kadir Aden Dirir

Published in Humanities and Social Sciences (Volume 10, Issue 4)

Received: 14 July 2022 Accepted: 1 August 2022 Published: 29 August 2022

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Abstract

Over the past years, the concept of hard power has been overtaken by a new approach “Soft power”. As a result, many countries compete to take advantage of this new power at their disposal by implementing in their foreign policies. For instance, numerous countries such as India (Bollywood), and the U.S (Hollywood) have extensively benefited from their soft power, as both countries’ cinemas are considered the most potent cultural export. The following paper explores how the Japanese and South Korean government have been exploiting their soft power by coinciding with their national interest. Both countries were selected based on their limited military intervention despite dedicating a decent budget amount for defense. Especially when looking at Japan’s firm stand policy that adheres to a non-military approach, therefore, increasing the probability of seeking other alternatives to expand its state’s strength. In addition, the selection was carried out by taking into consideration the strong influence they hold in the region in the context of cultural aspects. Furthermore, we address how these tools of “Soft power” such as cultural diplomacy, education, and foreign aid have transformed both countries’ images, especially Japan which had been criticized for its past imperialistic days. The article is qualitative in nature, we referred to the sufficient available relevant works of literature and papers to present soft power and its implication by focusing on two East Asian countries. Finally, we conclude that both countries deploy cultural diplomacy and education for diplomatic purposes and national branding while in the context of foreign aid diplomacy we suggest that it is more than of its humanitarian claims.

Published in	Humanities and Social Sciences (Volume 10, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.hss.20221004.20
Page(s)	261-270
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Soft Power, Japan, South Korea, Foreign Policy, Public Diplomacy, Foreign Aid, Culture, Education

References

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APA Style

Kadir Aden Dirir. (2022). Japan and South Korea’s Implication of Soft Power: Cultural Aspects, Education, and Foreign Aid Diplomacy. Humanities and Social Sciences, 10(4), 261-270. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20221004.20

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Kadir Aden Dirir. Japan and South Korea’s Implication of Soft Power: Cultural Aspects, Education, and Foreign Aid Diplomacy. Humanit. Soc. Sci. 2022, 10(4), 261-270. doi: 10.11648/j.hss.20221004.20

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AMA Style

Kadir Aden Dirir. Japan and South Korea’s Implication of Soft Power: Cultural Aspects, Education, and Foreign Aid Diplomacy. Humanit Soc Sci. 2022;10(4):261-270. doi: 10.11648/j.hss.20221004.20

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@article{10.11648/j.hss.20221004.20,
  author = {Kadir Aden Dirir},
  title = {Japan and South Korea’s Implication of Soft Power: Cultural Aspects, Education, and Foreign Aid Diplomacy},
  journal = {Humanities and Social Sciences},
  volume = {10},
  number = {4},
  pages = {261-270},
  doi = {10.11648/j.hss.20221004.20},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20221004.20},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.hss.20221004.20},
  abstract = {Over the past years, the concept of hard power has been overtaken by a new approach “Soft power”. As a result, many countries compete to take advantage of this new power at their disposal by implementing in their foreign policies. For instance, numerous countries such as India (Bollywood), and the U.S (Hollywood) have extensively benefited from their soft power, as both countries’ cinemas are considered the most potent cultural export. The following paper explores how the Japanese and South Korean government have been exploiting their soft power by coinciding with their national interest. Both countries were selected based on their limited military intervention despite dedicating a decent budget amount for defense. Especially when looking at Japan’s firm stand policy that adheres to a non-military approach, therefore, increasing the probability of seeking other alternatives to expand its state’s strength. In addition, the selection was carried out by taking into consideration the strong influence they hold in the region in the context of cultural aspects. Furthermore, we address how these tools of “Soft power” such as cultural diplomacy, education, and foreign aid have transformed both countries’ images, especially Japan which had been criticized for its past imperialistic days. The article is qualitative in nature, we referred to the sufficient available relevant works of literature and papers to present soft power and its implication by focusing on two East Asian countries. Finally, we conclude that both countries deploy cultural diplomacy and education for diplomatic purposes and national branding while in the context of foreign aid diplomacy we suggest that it is more than of its humanitarian claims.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Japan and South Korea’s Implication of Soft Power: Cultural Aspects, Education, and Foreign Aid Diplomacy
AU  - Kadir Aden Dirir
Y1  - 2022/08/29
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20221004.20
DO  - 10.11648/j.hss.20221004.20
T2  - Humanities and Social Sciences
JF  - Humanities and Social Sciences
JO  - Humanities and Social Sciences
SP  - 261
EP  - 270
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8184
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20221004.20
AB  - Over the past years, the concept of hard power has been overtaken by a new approach “Soft power”. As a result, many countries compete to take advantage of this new power at their disposal by implementing in their foreign policies. For instance, numerous countries such as India (Bollywood), and the U.S (Hollywood) have extensively benefited from their soft power, as both countries’ cinemas are considered the most potent cultural export. The following paper explores how the Japanese and South Korean government have been exploiting their soft power by coinciding with their national interest. Both countries were selected based on their limited military intervention despite dedicating a decent budget amount for defense. Especially when looking at Japan’s firm stand policy that adheres to a non-military approach, therefore, increasing the probability of seeking other alternatives to expand its state’s strength. In addition, the selection was carried out by taking into consideration the strong influence they hold in the region in the context of cultural aspects. Furthermore, we address how these tools of “Soft power” such as cultural diplomacy, education, and foreign aid have transformed both countries’ images, especially Japan which had been criticized for its past imperialistic days. The article is qualitative in nature, we referred to the sufficient available relevant works of literature and papers to present soft power and its implication by focusing on two East Asian countries. Finally, we conclude that both countries deploy cultural diplomacy and education for diplomatic purposes and national branding while in the context of foreign aid diplomacy we suggest that it is more than of its humanitarian claims.
VL  - 10
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Kadir Aden Dirir

Faculty of Law, Economics, and Management, Université de Djibouti, Djibouti City, Djibouti

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Kadir Aden Dirir. (2022). Japan and South Korea’s Implication of Soft Power: Cultural Aspects, Education, and Foreign Aid Diplomacy. Humanities and Social Sciences, 10(4), 261-270. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20221004.20

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Kadir Aden Dirir. Japan and South Korea’s Implication of Soft Power: Cultural Aspects, Education, and Foreign Aid Diplomacy. Humanit. Soc. Sci. 2022, 10(4), 261-270. doi: 10.11648/j.hss.20221004.20

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Kadir Aden Dirir. Japan and South Korea’s Implication of Soft Power: Cultural Aspects, Education, and Foreign Aid Diplomacy. Humanit Soc Sci. 2022;10(4):261-270. doi: 10.11648/j.hss.20221004.20

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.hss.20221004.20,
  author = {Kadir Aden Dirir},
  title = {Japan and South Korea’s Implication of Soft Power: Cultural Aspects, Education, and Foreign Aid Diplomacy},
  journal = {Humanities and Social Sciences},
  volume = {10},
  number = {4},
  pages = {261-270},
  doi = {10.11648/j.hss.20221004.20},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20221004.20},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.hss.20221004.20},
  abstract = {Over the past years, the concept of hard power has been overtaken by a new approach “Soft power”. As a result, many countries compete to take advantage of this new power at their disposal by implementing in their foreign policies. For instance, numerous countries such as India (Bollywood), and the U.S (Hollywood) have extensively benefited from their soft power, as both countries’ cinemas are considered the most potent cultural export. The following paper explores how the Japanese and South Korean government have been exploiting their soft power by coinciding with their national interest. Both countries were selected based on their limited military intervention despite dedicating a decent budget amount for defense. Especially when looking at Japan’s firm stand policy that adheres to a non-military approach, therefore, increasing the probability of seeking other alternatives to expand its state’s strength. In addition, the selection was carried out by taking into consideration the strong influence they hold in the region in the context of cultural aspects. Furthermore, we address how these tools of “Soft power” such as cultural diplomacy, education, and foreign aid have transformed both countries’ images, especially Japan which had been criticized for its past imperialistic days. The article is qualitative in nature, we referred to the sufficient available relevant works of literature and papers to present soft power and its implication by focusing on two East Asian countries. Finally, we conclude that both countries deploy cultural diplomacy and education for diplomatic purposes and national branding while in the context of foreign aid diplomacy we suggest that it is more than of its humanitarian claims.},
 year = {2022}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Japan and South Korea’s Implication of Soft Power: Cultural Aspects, Education, and Foreign Aid Diplomacy
AU  - Kadir Aden Dirir
Y1  - 2022/08/29
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20221004.20
DO  - 10.11648/j.hss.20221004.20
T2  - Humanities and Social Sciences
JF  - Humanities and Social Sciences
JO  - Humanities and Social Sciences
SP  - 261
EP  - 270
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8184
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20221004.20
AB  - Over the past years, the concept of hard power has been overtaken by a new approach “Soft power”. As a result, many countries compete to take advantage of this new power at their disposal by implementing in their foreign policies. For instance, numerous countries such as India (Bollywood), and the U.S (Hollywood) have extensively benefited from their soft power, as both countries’ cinemas are considered the most potent cultural export. The following paper explores how the Japanese and South Korean government have been exploiting their soft power by coinciding with their national interest. Both countries were selected based on their limited military intervention despite dedicating a decent budget amount for defense. Especially when looking at Japan’s firm stand policy that adheres to a non-military approach, therefore, increasing the probability of seeking other alternatives to expand its state’s strength. In addition, the selection was carried out by taking into consideration the strong influence they hold in the region in the context of cultural aspects. Furthermore, we address how these tools of “Soft power” such as cultural diplomacy, education, and foreign aid have transformed both countries’ images, especially Japan which had been criticized for its past imperialistic days. The article is qualitative in nature, we referred to the sufficient available relevant works of literature and papers to present soft power and its implication by focusing on two East Asian countries. Finally, we conclude that both countries deploy cultural diplomacy and education for diplomatic purposes and national branding while in the context of foreign aid diplomacy we suggest that it is more than of its humanitarian claims.
VL  - 10
IS  - 4
ER  -

Copy | Download