Seismic Risk Assessment of Existing Buildings Based on Architectural View in Dhaka City, Bangladesh

Farzana Rahman; Maksudur Rahman

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijaaa.20220803.13

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Seismic Risk Assessment of Existing Buildings Based on Architectural View in Dhaka City, Bangladesh

Farzana Rahman, Maksudur Rahman

Published in International Journal of Architecture, Arts and Applications (Volume 8, Issue 3)

Received: 15 June 2022 Accepted: 15 July 2022 Published: 28 July 2022

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Abstract

Dhaka, capital city of Bangladesh is one of the most crowded and merely planned megacities in the world, who faces water logging, fire hazard and flood in high frequent rate that sometimes we almost forget about seismic risk. Meanwhile, Dhaka has scrutinized as highly risky city in the world because of its geographic location close to seismically active zones on earth, unplanned urbanization, non-tecnichal construction practice, deficient knowledge on the seismic design of structural system, ignorance of building codes, horrendous construction monitoring by the relevant authorities and lack of coordination between different urban developing authorities. It is predicted by the scientists that a massive devastation in terms of casualities and property damage may be occured if a strong earthquake hits Dhaka. So, it is highly demanded to evaluate the vulnerability of existing buildings to understand the nature of emergency response and earthquake risk reduction strategies are required for Dhaka city in terms of urban planning and design. The aim of this paper is to appraise the earthquake risk of existing structures in different residential areas in Dhaka city. It is expected that citizens from the whole city are may not remain at the same risk. That is why Dhaka has divided into two part - Old and New Dhaka for study purpose. The areas covered under the survey are Mirpur and Lalbagh. Rapid Visual Screening (RVS) and Turkish Methods have been employed for the assessment of seismic risk in residential buildings based on recording various variables from the side way. Depending on the parameters, different performance scores has been assigned to individual building by which the buildings have been classified as safe, moderate and vulnerable. The survey results highlight that seismic vulnerability assessment recognized as 40.9% buildings are vulnerable, 19.3% moderately vulnerable and 39.8% safe. The end result of the study will be advantageous to strengthen the awarness of city authorities, engineers, planers, architects and local dwellers.

Published in	International Journal of Architecture, Arts and Applications (Volume 8, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijaaa.20220803.13
Page(s)	112-120
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Seismic Risk, Dhaka, R. V. S. System, Turkish Method, Vulnerability Score, Awareness

References

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[2]	Star Report (2016), Dhaka at risk of mega quake. Retrieved on 10 March 2022 from https://www.thedailystar.net/frontpage/dhaka-high-quake-risk-1252849
[3]	Shashanka S. (2019), The looming threat of earthquakes. Retrieved on 10 March 2022 from https://www.thedailystar.net/supplements/28th-anniversary-supplements/avoiding-urban-nightmare-time-get-planning-right/news/the-looming-threat-earthquakes-1704247
[4]	Sarraz A., Ali K., Das D. C. (2015) Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Existing Building Stocks at Chandgaon in Chittagong City, Bangladesh, American Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol. 3, No 1.
[5]	Ahmed B., Hasan R., Maniruzzaman K.(2014) Urban Morphological Change Analysis of Dhaka City, Bangladesh, International Journal of Geo-Information 3 (4): 1412-1444 DOI: 10.3390/ijgi3041412.
[6]	Molla T. (2021), Pallabi Thana. Retrieved on 15 March 2022 from https://en.banglapedia.org/index.php/Pallabi_Thana
[7]	Ahmed S. (2021), Lalbagh Thana. Retrieved on 15 March 2022 from https://en.banglapedia.org/index.php/Lalbagh_Thana
[8]	Dr. Hossain N. (2016), Urban extreme events and Old Dhaka. Retrieved on 22 March 2022 from https://www.thedailystar.net/urban-extreme-events-and-old-dhaka
[9]	M. R. Sadat, M. S. Huq, M. A. Ansary (2010) Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Buildings of Dhaka City, Journal of Civil Engineering (IEB), 38 (2).
[10]	Sucuoglu, H. And Yazgan, U. (2001) Simple Survey Procedures for Seismic Risk Assessment in Urban Building Stocks. Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey.
[11]	FEMA 154, (1988) A Hand Book on Rapid Visual Screening of Buildings for Potential Seismic Hazards. Federal Emergency Management Agency, Washington DC, USA.
[12]	FEMA 310, (1988) Hand book of Seismic Evaluation of Buildings-A prestandard. Federal Emergency Management Agency, Washington DC, USA.
[13]	Sudhir K Jain, Keya Mitra, Praseeda KI, (2004) A Proposed Rapid Visual Screening Procedure for Seismic Evaluation of Buildings in India, India.
[14]	BNBC 2015. Bangladesh National Building code, Housing and Building Research Institute, Mirpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
[15]	Kamal M., Rahman Z., Siddiqua S. (2017) Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis for Dhaka city, Bangladesh.
[16]	FEMA 356, (2000) Prestandard and Commentary for the Seismic Rehabilitation of Buildings. Federal Emergency Management Agency, Washington DC, USA.
[17]	Sinha, R and Goyal, A. (2004) A National Policy for Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Buildings and Procedure for Rapid Visual Screening of Buildings for Potential Seismic Vulnerability.
[18]	Al-Hussaini, T. M., Talukder, M. K., Chowdhury, S., Saha, D. and Chowdhury, M. B. (2007). “Site Classification and Seismic Response of Dhaka City Soils”, Proc. 4th International Conference on Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering, Thessaloniki, Greece.
[19]	Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS) (2011) Population Census—2011. Preliminary Report. Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, Ministry of Planning, Dhaka.

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APA Style

Farzana Rahman, Maksudur Rahman. (2022). Seismic Risk Assessment of Existing Buildings Based on Architectural View in Dhaka City, Bangladesh. International Journal of Architecture, Arts and Applications, 8(3), 112-120. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijaaa.20220803.13

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ACS Style

Farzana Rahman; Maksudur Rahman. Seismic Risk Assessment of Existing Buildings Based on Architectural View in Dhaka City, Bangladesh. Int. J. Archit. Arts Appl. 2022, 8(3), 112-120. doi: 10.11648/j.ijaaa.20220803.13

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AMA Style

Farzana Rahman, Maksudur Rahman. Seismic Risk Assessment of Existing Buildings Based on Architectural View in Dhaka City, Bangladesh. Int J Archit Arts Appl. 2022;8(3):112-120. doi: 10.11648/j.ijaaa.20220803.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ijaaa.20220803.13,
  author = {Farzana Rahman and Maksudur Rahman},
  title = {Seismic Risk Assessment of Existing Buildings Based on Architectural View in Dhaka City, Bangladesh},
  journal = {International Journal of Architecture, Arts and Applications},
  volume = {8},
  number = {3},
  pages = {112-120},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijaaa.20220803.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijaaa.20220803.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijaaa.20220803.13},
  abstract = {Dhaka, capital city of Bangladesh is one of the most crowded and merely planned megacities in the world, who faces water logging, fire hazard and flood in high frequent rate that sometimes we almost forget about seismic risk. Meanwhile, Dhaka has scrutinized as highly risky city in the world because of its geographic location close to seismically active zones on earth, unplanned urbanization, non-tecnichal construction practice, deficient knowledge on the seismic design of structural system, ignorance of building codes, horrendous construction monitoring by the relevant authorities and lack of coordination between different urban developing authorities. It is predicted by the scientists that a massive devastation in terms of casualities and property damage may be occured if a strong earthquake hits Dhaka. So, it is highly demanded to evaluate the vulnerability of existing buildings to understand the nature of emergency response and earthquake risk reduction strategies are required for Dhaka city in terms of urban planning and design. The aim of this paper is to appraise the earthquake risk of existing structures in different residential areas in Dhaka city. It is expected that citizens from the whole city are may not remain at the same risk. That is why Dhaka has divided into two part - Old and New Dhaka for study purpose. The areas covered under the survey are Mirpur and Lalbagh. Rapid Visual Screening (RVS) and Turkish Methods have been employed for the assessment of seismic risk in residential buildings based on recording various variables from the side way. Depending on the parameters, different performance scores has been assigned to individual building by which the buildings have been classified as safe, moderate and vulnerable. The survey results highlight that seismic vulnerability assessment recognized as 40.9% buildings are vulnerable, 19.3% moderately vulnerable and 39.8% safe. The end result of the study will be advantageous to strengthen the awarness of city authorities, engineers, planers, architects and local dwellers.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Seismic Risk Assessment of Existing Buildings Based on Architectural View in Dhaka City, Bangladesh
AU  - Farzana Rahman
AU  - Maksudur Rahman
Y1  - 2022/07/28
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijaaa.20220803.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijaaa.20220803.13
T2  - International Journal of Architecture, Arts and Applications
JF  - International Journal of Architecture, Arts and Applications
JO  - International Journal of Architecture, Arts and Applications
SP  - 112
EP  - 120
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2472-1131
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijaaa.20220803.13
AB  - Dhaka, capital city of Bangladesh is one of the most crowded and merely planned megacities in the world, who faces water logging, fire hazard and flood in high frequent rate that sometimes we almost forget about seismic risk. Meanwhile, Dhaka has scrutinized as highly risky city in the world because of its geographic location close to seismically active zones on earth, unplanned urbanization, non-tecnichal construction practice, deficient knowledge on the seismic design of structural system, ignorance of building codes, horrendous construction monitoring by the relevant authorities and lack of coordination between different urban developing authorities. It is predicted by the scientists that a massive devastation in terms of casualities and property damage may be occured if a strong earthquake hits Dhaka. So, it is highly demanded to evaluate the vulnerability of existing buildings to understand the nature of emergency response and earthquake risk reduction strategies are required for Dhaka city in terms of urban planning and design. The aim of this paper is to appraise the earthquake risk of existing structures in different residential areas in Dhaka city. It is expected that citizens from the whole city are may not remain at the same risk. That is why Dhaka has divided into two part - Old and New Dhaka for study purpose. The areas covered under the survey are Mirpur and Lalbagh. Rapid Visual Screening (RVS) and Turkish Methods have been employed for the assessment of seismic risk in residential buildings based on recording various variables from the side way. Depending on the parameters, different performance scores has been assigned to individual building by which the buildings have been classified as safe, moderate and vulnerable. The survey results highlight that seismic vulnerability assessment recognized as 40.9% buildings are vulnerable, 19.3% moderately vulnerable and 39.8% safe. The end result of the study will be advantageous to strengthen the awarness of city authorities, engineers, planers, architects and local dwellers.
VL  - 8
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Author Information

Farzana Rahman

Department of Geography and Environment, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Maksudur Rahman

Department of Geography and Environment, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh

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APA Style

Farzana Rahman, Maksudur Rahman. (2022). Seismic Risk Assessment of Existing Buildings Based on Architectural View in Dhaka City, Bangladesh. International Journal of Architecture, Arts and Applications, 8(3), 112-120. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijaaa.20220803.13

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ACS Style

Farzana Rahman; Maksudur Rahman. Seismic Risk Assessment of Existing Buildings Based on Architectural View in Dhaka City, Bangladesh. Int. J. Archit. Arts Appl. 2022, 8(3), 112-120. doi: 10.11648/j.ijaaa.20220803.13

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AMA Style

Farzana Rahman, Maksudur Rahman. Seismic Risk Assessment of Existing Buildings Based on Architectural View in Dhaka City, Bangladesh. Int J Archit Arts Appl. 2022;8(3):112-120. doi: 10.11648/j.ijaaa.20220803.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ijaaa.20220803.13,
  author = {Farzana Rahman and Maksudur Rahman},
  title = {Seismic Risk Assessment of Existing Buildings Based on Architectural View in Dhaka City, Bangladesh},
  journal = {International Journal of Architecture, Arts and Applications},
  volume = {8},
  number = {3},
  pages = {112-120},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijaaa.20220803.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijaaa.20220803.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijaaa.20220803.13},
  abstract = {Dhaka, capital city of Bangladesh is one of the most crowded and merely planned megacities in the world, who faces water logging, fire hazard and flood in high frequent rate that sometimes we almost forget about seismic risk. Meanwhile, Dhaka has scrutinized as highly risky city in the world because of its geographic location close to seismically active zones on earth, unplanned urbanization, non-tecnichal construction practice, deficient knowledge on the seismic design of structural system, ignorance of building codes, horrendous construction monitoring by the relevant authorities and lack of coordination between different urban developing authorities. It is predicted by the scientists that a massive devastation in terms of casualities and property damage may be occured if a strong earthquake hits Dhaka. So, it is highly demanded to evaluate the vulnerability of existing buildings to understand the nature of emergency response and earthquake risk reduction strategies are required for Dhaka city in terms of urban planning and design. The aim of this paper is to appraise the earthquake risk of existing structures in different residential areas in Dhaka city. It is expected that citizens from the whole city are may not remain at the same risk. That is why Dhaka has divided into two part - Old and New Dhaka for study purpose. The areas covered under the survey are Mirpur and Lalbagh. Rapid Visual Screening (RVS) and Turkish Methods have been employed for the assessment of seismic risk in residential buildings based on recording various variables from the side way. Depending on the parameters, different performance scores has been assigned to individual building by which the buildings have been classified as safe, moderate and vulnerable. The survey results highlight that seismic vulnerability assessment recognized as 40.9% buildings are vulnerable, 19.3% moderately vulnerable and 39.8% safe. The end result of the study will be advantageous to strengthen the awarness of city authorities, engineers, planers, architects and local dwellers.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Seismic Risk Assessment of Existing Buildings Based on Architectural View in Dhaka City, Bangladesh
AU  - Farzana Rahman
AU  - Maksudur Rahman
Y1  - 2022/07/28
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijaaa.20220803.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijaaa.20220803.13
T2  - International Journal of Architecture, Arts and Applications
JF  - International Journal of Architecture, Arts and Applications
JO  - International Journal of Architecture, Arts and Applications
SP  - 112
EP  - 120
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2472-1131
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijaaa.20220803.13
AB  - Dhaka, capital city of Bangladesh is one of the most crowded and merely planned megacities in the world, who faces water logging, fire hazard and flood in high frequent rate that sometimes we almost forget about seismic risk. Meanwhile, Dhaka has scrutinized as highly risky city in the world because of its geographic location close to seismically active zones on earth, unplanned urbanization, non-tecnichal construction practice, deficient knowledge on the seismic design of structural system, ignorance of building codes, horrendous construction monitoring by the relevant authorities and lack of coordination between different urban developing authorities. It is predicted by the scientists that a massive devastation in terms of casualities and property damage may be occured if a strong earthquake hits Dhaka. So, it is highly demanded to evaluate the vulnerability of existing buildings to understand the nature of emergency response and earthquake risk reduction strategies are required for Dhaka city in terms of urban planning and design. The aim of this paper is to appraise the earthquake risk of existing structures in different residential areas in Dhaka city. It is expected that citizens from the whole city are may not remain at the same risk. That is why Dhaka has divided into two part - Old and New Dhaka for study purpose. The areas covered under the survey are Mirpur and Lalbagh. Rapid Visual Screening (RVS) and Turkish Methods have been employed for the assessment of seismic risk in residential buildings based on recording various variables from the side way. Depending on the parameters, different performance scores has been assigned to individual building by which the buildings have been classified as safe, moderate and vulnerable. The survey results highlight that seismic vulnerability assessment recognized as 40.9% buildings are vulnerable, 19.3% moderately vulnerable and 39.8% safe. The end result of the study will be advantageous to strengthen the awarness of city authorities, engineers, planers, architects and local dwellers.
VL  - 8
IS  - 3
ER  -

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