This study looked at assessing the impact of solid wastes within Enugu metropolis on heavy metal concentrations and otherphysicochemical properties of soil samples from the site locations. Physicochemical analysis of the soil from the respectiverefusedump sites showed pH of 4.24, 6.3 and 5.87 respectively in the presence of the control experiment which maintained atpH of 7.6 throughout the experiment. Soil conductivity of the respective refuses ites within Enugu municipal showed a progressive increase of soil conductivity. Mineral contents were found in the following order: Cl>Ca>Mg>K>PO3. Heavy metals of Hg, As and Cd were found at below detectable limit range (BDL) in both the sampled soils from the respective refuse dumpsite andcontrol experiment. Cu, and Pb were significantly high in all the sampled soil from the dumpsites however, Cd was only detected in the soil sample from refuse dump III. Fe showed a progressive decrease across the dumpsites oil samples.
| Published in | International Journal of Environmental Chemistry (Volume 8, Issue 2) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ijec.20240802.11 |
| Page(s) | 30-36 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Physicochemical, Heavy Metals, Dump Site, Minerals
| [1] | Abdel-Shafy H. and Mansour, M. (2018). Solid waste issue: Sources, composition, disposal, recycling, and valorization. Egyptian Journal of Petroleum, 27(4): 1275-1290. |
| [2] | Abdullah, A., Salamatinia, B., Mootabadi, H. and Bhatia, S. (2019). Current status and policies on biodiesel industry in Malaysia as the world’s leading producer of palm oil. Energy Policy, 37(12): 5440-5448. |
| [3] | Agency for Toxic Substance Development and Disease Registry (ATSDR) (2009). Documentary on toxicological profile of total petroleum hydrocarbon contaminations. Agency for toxic substance and disease registry, division of toxicology and toxicology information branch, Atlanta Georgia. |
| [4] | Amin, N., Allobaidy, E. and Ahmad, T. (2015). Contamination of soil with heavy metals from industrial effluent and their translocation in green vegetables of Peshawar, Pakistan. RSC Advance, 5: 14322–14329. |
| [5] | Antonino, R., Fook, B., Lima, V., Rached, R., Lima, E., Lima, R., Covas, C. and Fook, M. (2017). Preparation and characterization of chitosan Obtained from shells of Shrimp (Litopenaeusvannamei Boone). Marine Drugs, 15(5): 141. |
| [6] | Bánfalvi, G. (2011). "Heavy Metals, Trace Elements and their Cellular Effects". In Bánfalvi, G. Cellular Effects of Heavy Metals. Springer, 3–28. |
| [7] | Chen, Z., Ngo, H. and Guo, W. (2013). A critical review on the end uses of recycled water. Critical Review on Environmental Science and Technology, 43: 1446–1516. |
| [8] | Chiemchaisri, C., Juanga, J. and Visvanathan, C. (2007). Municipal solid waste management in Thailand and disposal emission inventory. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 135: 13-20. |
| [9] | Chukwu, M. and Adams, E. (2016). Effect of Generator (Exhaust) Fumes on the Growth and Development of Lycopersicum esculentus (Tomato). Journal of Applied Environmental Science and Management, 20 (2) 335– 340. |
| [10] | De Groot, R., Alkemade, R., Braat, L., Hein, L. and Willemen, L. (2010). Challenges in integrating the concept of ecosystem services and values in landscape planning, management and decision making. Ecol. Complex. 7: 260–272. |
| [11] | Dyer P. (2009). The 1900 Arsenic Poisoning Epidemic. Brewery History, (130): 65–85. |
| [12] | Ejedegba O., Onyeneke, E. and Oviasogie, P. (2007). Characterisation of lipase isolated from coconut seed under different nutrient conditions. African Journal of Biotechnology, 6: 723-727. |
| [13] | Environmental protection agency (EPA) (2008). Report on integrating management of watershed and coastal line. USA environmental protection unit. 7th Edn. Washington DC. |
| [14] | EPA Method 8270D (2010) (SW-846) Semivolatile Organic Compounds by Gas Chromatography/mass Spectrometry (GC/MS), Revision 4. |
| [15] | Evanko, C. and Dzombak, A. (1997). "Remediation of Metals-Contaminated Soils and Groundwater". Technology Evaluation Report (Pittsburgh PA: Ground-water Remediation Technologies Center). TE 97-0-1. |
| [16] | Evanko, C. and Dzombak, A. (2017). Remediation of Metals-Contaminated Soils and Groundwater. Technology Evaluation Report (Pittsburgh PA: Ground-water Remediation Technologies Center). TE 97-0-1. |
| [17] | Ezenwelu, C., Aribodor, O., Ezeonyejiaku, C., Okafor, S. and Oparaji, E. (2022). Assessment of physicochemical properties and microbial loading index of soil samples from mgbuka market, Anambra state. Journal of Environmental Pollution and Management, 12: 134-176. |
| [18] | Harvey, J., Handley, K. and Taylor, P. (2017). "Identification of the Sources of Metal (Lead) Contamination in Drinking Waters in North-Eastern Tasmania Using Lead Isotopic Compositions". Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 22: 12276–12288. |
| [19] | Karak T., Bhagat, R. and Bhattacharyya, P. (2012). Municipal solid waste generation, composition, and management: The world scenario. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology. 42: 1509-1630. |
| [20] | Khalid, S., Shahid, M., Dumat, C., Niazi, N., Bibi, I., Gul Bakhat, H., Abbas, G., Murtaza, B. and Javeed, H. (2017). Influence of groundwater and wastewater irrigation on lead accumulation in soil and vegetables: Implications for health risk assessment and phytoremediation. International Journal Phytoremediation, 19: 1037–1046. |
| [21] | Kulczycka, J., Mineral, T., Lelek, L., Mineral, T. and Lewandowska, A. (2016). Life cycle assessment of municipal solid waste management—Comparison of results using different LCA models. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies. 24: 125-140. |
| [22] | Kutty, S., Ngatenah, S., Isa, M. and Malakahmad, A. (2019). A nutrients removal from municipal wastewater treatment plant effluent using Eichhornia crassipes. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, 36: 828-833. |
| [23] | Lee, K. (2018). Earthworms. Their Ecology and Relationships with Soils and Land Use; Academic Press: Orlando, FL, USA, ISBN 0124408605. |
| [24] | Markou, G., Chatzipavlidis, I. and Georgakakis, D. (2016). Cultivation of arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis in olive-oil mill wastewater treated with sodium hypochlorite. Bioresources Technology, 112: 234-241. |
| [25] | Miao, K., Cortazar, E., Bartolome, L. and Arrasate, S. (2001). Distribution and bioaccumulation of PAHs in the UNESCO protected natural reserve of Urdaibai, Bay of Biscay. Chemosphere, 72(10): 1467-1474. |
| [26] | Morris, R. (1952). Determination of Iron in water in presence of heavy metals. Analytical Chemistry, 24(8): 1376-1378. |
| [27] | Narodoslawsky, M. and Krotscheck, C. (2015). The sustainable process index (SPI): Evaluating processes according to environmental compatibility. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 41: 383-397. |
| [28] | Niederl-Schmidinger A. and Narodoslawsky, M. 2008. Life cycle assessment as an engineer’s tool? Journal of Cleaner Production, 16: 245-252. |
| [29] | OLF (2007) Environmental report 2007. The Norwegian Oil Industry Association (OLF). Stavanger, Norway 63 p. |
| [30] | Onen, S., Kucuksezgin, F. andKocak, F. (2011). Temporal And Spatial Bio monitoring of Heavy Metals in Eastern Aegean Costal Waters Using Amphitrite. Air pollution bulletin, 62: 2548-2556. |
| [31] | Onugbolu, C. and Adieze I. (2016). Assessment of emulsification potentials of hydrocarbon utilizing fungi isolates isolated from a crude oil polluted at FUTO, owerri. Nigerian Journal of Microbiology, 30(1): 3225-3234. |
| [32] | Oparaji, E., Nweze, E., Arinzechukwu, O., Anosike, J., Agbo, K and Arazu, V. (2017). Estimation of polycyclic aliphatic hydrocarbons and total petroleum hydrocarbons in aquatic fauna from forcados terminal rivers, Portharcourt, Rivers state. Journal of Environmental and Analytical toxicology, 7(6): 1123-1176. |
| [33] | Osei A. (2001). New School Chemistry. 3rdedn, Africa Feb Publishers, 368-402. |
| [34] | OSPAR Commission (2000). Quality Status Report 2000. London: OSPAR. |
| [35] | Prioreschi, P. (1998). Roman Medicine. A History of Medicine III. Horatius Press, ISBN 1888456035. |
| [36] | Pritchard, J. (2010). "Wal-Mart Pulls Miley Cyrus Jewelry After Cadmium Tests". USA Today. |
| [37] | Pucknat, W. (ed.) (1981). Health Impacts of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Environmental Health Review No. 5. Noyes Data Corp., Park Ridge, New Jersey, 271 pp. |
| [38] | Rabie, A. and Ghallab, A. (2006). Heavy-metal fractionation and distribution in soil profiles short-term-irrigated with sewage wastewater. Chemistry and Ecology, 22: 267–278. |
| [39] | Rantamaki, P.(1997). Release and Retention of Selected Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their Methylated Derivatives by the Common Mussel (Mytilusedulis) in the Brakish Water of the Baltic Sea. Chemosphere, 35: 487-502. |
| [40] | Redmond MC, Valentine DL (2012) Natural Gas and Temperature Structured a Microbial Community Response to the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill. Proc. Proceedings from National Acadamy of Science. USA, |
| [41] | Retnam, A. and Zakari, P. (2010). Hydrocarbon and heavy metal pollutions in aqua culture. Proceedings of Postgraduate Colloquim. |
| [42] | Ramachandra, T., Bharath, H., Kulkarni, G. and Han, S. (2018). Municipal solid waste: Generation, composition and GHG emissions in Bangalore, India. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 82: 1122-1136. |
| [43] | Scaglia, B. and Adani, F. (2018). Sustainable landfill and biological stability of municipal solid waste. In: Lavelle JR, editor. Waste Management: Research, Technology and Developments. USA: Nova Science Publishers, Inc. pp. 193-223. |
| [44] | Scaglia, B., Salati, S., Di, A., Carrera, A., Tambone, F. and Adani F. (2013). Short mechanical biological treatment of municipal solid waste allows landfill impact reduction saving waste energy content. Bioresource Technology, 143: 131- 138. |
| [45] | Shah, K. (2020). Basics of Solid and Hazardous Waste Management Technology; Upper Saddle River, N. J.: Prentice Hall. |
| [46] | Shekdar A. (2009). Sustainable solid waste management: An integrated approach for Asian countries. Waste Management. 29: 1438-1448. |
| [47] | Tarmudi, Z., Abdullah, M. and Tap, A. (2012). An overview of municipal solid wastes generation in Malaysia. Jurnal Teknologi, 51: 1-15. |
| [48] | USEPA. (1987). Appendix A to 40 CFR Part 423. United States Environmental Protection Agency. Available on the html: |
| [49] | Valerro D. (2010). Environmental biotechnology: A Biosystems approach. 4th edition. Pp. 1245-1453. |
| [50] | Wange, S., Paletto, M., Commendatore, M. andEsteves, L. (2016). Hydrocarbon Levels in Sediments and Bivalve Mollusks from Bahía Nueva (Patagonia, Argentina): An Assessment of Probable Origin and Bioaccumulation Factors. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 56: 2082-2105. |
| [51] | World Health Organisation. (1997). Non-heterocyclic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. World Health Organization, International Programme on Chemical Safety (Environmental Health Criteria 202), Geneva. |
| [52] | Zhang, D., Tan, S. and Gersberg, R. (2010). Municipal solid waste management in China: Status, problems and challenges. Journal of Environmental Management. 91: 1623-1633. |
APA Style
Helen, N. C., Ikechukwu, A. G., Onyeka, E. C., Oparaji, E. H. (2024). Ecological Assessment of Soil Samples Around Refuse Dump Sites Within the Metropolis of Enugu State, Nigeria. International Journal of Environmental Chemistry, 8(2), 30-36. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijec.20240802.11
ACS Style
Helen, N. C.; Ikechukwu, A. G.; Onyeka, E. C.; Oparaji, E. H. Ecological Assessment of Soil Samples Around Refuse Dump Sites Within the Metropolis of Enugu State, Nigeria. Int. J. Environ. Chem. 2024, 8(2), 30-36. doi: 10.11648/j.ijec.20240802.11
AMA Style
Helen NC, Ikechukwu AG, Onyeka EC, Oparaji EH. Ecological Assessment of Soil Samples Around Refuse Dump Sites Within the Metropolis of Enugu State, Nigeria. Int J Environ Chem. 2024;8(2):30-36. doi: 10.11648/j.ijec.20240802.11
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.ijec.20240802.11,
author = {Nwanjoku Chioma Helen and Ameh Godwin Ikechukwu and Edeoga Cyril Onyeka and Emeka Henry Oparaji},
title = {Ecological Assessment of Soil Samples Around Refuse Dump Sites Within the Metropolis of Enugu State, Nigeria
},
journal = {International Journal of Environmental Chemistry},
volume = {8},
number = {2},
pages = {30-36},
doi = {10.11648/j.ijec.20240802.11},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijec.20240802.11},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijec.20240802.11},
abstract = {This study looked at assessing the impact of solid wastes within Enugu metropolis on heavy metal concentrations and otherphysicochemical properties of soil samples from the site locations. Physicochemical analysis of the soil from the respectiverefusedump sites showed pH of 4.24, 6.3 and 5.87 respectively in the presence of the control experiment which maintained atpH of 7.6 throughout the experiment. Soil conductivity of the respective refuses ites within Enugu municipal showed a progressive increase of soil conductivity. Mineral contents were found in the following order: Cl>Ca>Mg>K>PO3. Heavy metals of Hg, As and Cd were found at below detectable limit range (BDL) in both the sampled soils from the respective refuse dumpsite andcontrol experiment. Cu, and Pb were significantly high in all the sampled soil from the dumpsites however, Cd was only detected in the soil sample from refuse dump III. Fe showed a progressive decrease across the dumpsites oil samples.
},
year = {2024}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Ecological Assessment of Soil Samples Around Refuse Dump Sites Within the Metropolis of Enugu State, Nigeria AU - Nwanjoku Chioma Helen AU - Ameh Godwin Ikechukwu AU - Edeoga Cyril Onyeka AU - Emeka Henry Oparaji Y1 - 2024/09/29 PY - 2024 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijec.20240802.11 DO - 10.11648/j.ijec.20240802.11 T2 - International Journal of Environmental Chemistry JF - International Journal of Environmental Chemistry JO - International Journal of Environmental Chemistry SP - 30 EP - 36 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2640-1460 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijec.20240802.11 AB - This study looked at assessing the impact of solid wastes within Enugu metropolis on heavy metal concentrations and otherphysicochemical properties of soil samples from the site locations. Physicochemical analysis of the soil from the respectiverefusedump sites showed pH of 4.24, 6.3 and 5.87 respectively in the presence of the control experiment which maintained atpH of 7.6 throughout the experiment. Soil conductivity of the respective refuses ites within Enugu municipal showed a progressive increase of soil conductivity. Mineral contents were found in the following order: Cl>Ca>Mg>K>PO3. Heavy metals of Hg, As and Cd were found at below detectable limit range (BDL) in both the sampled soils from the respective refuse dumpsite andcontrol experiment. Cu, and Pb were significantly high in all the sampled soil from the dumpsites however, Cd was only detected in the soil sample from refuse dump III. Fe showed a progressive decrease across the dumpsites oil samples. VL - 8 IS - 2 ER -
Department of Biochemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
Information