Effects of Acute Concentrations of Vestaline<sup>®</sup> (pendimethalin) Herbicide on Histopathology of Liver and Gills of Exposed <i>Clarias gariepinus</i> Juveniles

Odo Joel Inya; Manyi Manasseh Msugh-Ter; Ebah Esther Eneyi

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijee.20190404.12

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Effects of Acute Concentrations of Vestaline^® (pendimethalin) Herbicide on Histopathology of Liver and Gills of Exposed Clarias gariepinus Juveniles

Odo Joel Inya, Manyi Manasseh Msugh-Ter, Ebah Esther Eneyi

Published in International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology (Volume 4, Issue 4)

Received: 28 October 2019 Accepted: 22 November 2019 Published: 2 December 2019

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Abstract

This study was carried out to determine histopathological damages of liver and gills caused by acute concentrations of vestaline^®(pendimethalin) herbicide on Clarias gariepinus using96-hour bioassay test. The toxicity was carried out using 180 healthy fish of mean weight 27.97±0.03g which were divided into six treatments with each treatment having ten fish and the setup was in triplicate. The concentrations of Vestaline^®(pendimethalin) herbicide used were (0.0mg/l, 33mg/l, 82.5mg/l,115.5mg/l,148.5mg/l and 181.5mg/l). After the 96-hours, both gills and liver of the fish were removed from dead fish. Photomicrographs of the histological slides were taken.Histology of the liver in control sample showed normal hepatic tissue (Hepatocytes with granular cytoplasm) and round nucleus. Histology of the gills in control sample showed normal structure of the filaments and lamellae. The histology of the exposedliver Showed vacoulation of cytoplasm, rapture of hepatocytes, bile pigment disintegration, necrosis and cytoplasmic degeneration while the histology ofgills exposed to different concentrations of vestaline^®(pendimethalin) herbicide showed marked distortion of the gills lamellae, hyperplasia of lamellar epithelium and necrosis. The acute concentrations confirmed that vestaline^®(pendimethalin) herbicide is highly toxic to Clarias garienpinus and showed heightened damages at higher concentrations.

Published in	International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology (Volume 4, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijee.20190404.12
Page(s)	88-92
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Clarias gariepinus, Vestaline^®(pendimethalin), Histopathology, Acute

References

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[2]	Adams, S., Shepard, K., Greely, M., Jimenez, B., Ryon, M., Shugart, L., McCarthy, J. and Hinton, D. (1989). The use of bioindicators for assessing the effects of pollutant stress on fish, Marine environmental research, 28: 459 464.
[3]	Akaahan T., Azua E., Ebah E. (2016). Comparative Studies of Acute Toxicity and Histopathology Orechromis niloticus and Tilapia zilli exposed to cadmium. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Toxic. Res. Vol. 4 (7): 118-126.
[4]	Annune, P. and Ejike, S. (1999). Acute toxicity and Gill morphology ofOreochromis niloticus (Trewavas). Journal ofAquatic Science. 14: 1-4.
[5]	Dissanayake, N.; Hoy, J. & Griffin, J. (1998). Herbicide effects on sugarcane growth, Pythium root rot, and Pythium arrenomanes. Phytopathology, 88, 530-535, ISSN 0031-949X.
[6]	Engel LS, O’Meara ES, Schwartz SM. (2000). Maternal occupation in agriculture and risk of limb defects in Washington State,
[7]	Johnson, L., Stehr, C., Olson, O., Myers, M., Pierce, S., Wigren, C., McCain, B. and Varanasi, U. (1993). Chemical contaminants and hepatic lesions in winter flounder (Pleuronectes americanus) from the Northeast Coast of the United States. Environmental Science and Technology, 27: 2759-2771.
[8]	McKim, J. and Erickson, R. (1991). Environmental impact on physiological mechanism controlling xenobiotic transfer across gills. American Journal of Physiology, 64: 39-67.
[9]	Nabela I. El-Sharkawy, Rasha M. Reda and Iman E. El-Araby (2011). Assessment of Stomp®(pendimethalin) toxicity on Oreochromis niloticus Journal of American Science, 2011; 7 (10) http://www. mericanscience. rg.
[10]	Ogundiran, M., Fawole, O., Adewoye and Ayandiran, T. (2010). Toxicological impact of detergent effluent on juvenile of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) (Buchell 1822).American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 1: 330-342.
[11]	Omitoyin, B., Ajani, E., Adesina, B. and Okuagu, C. (2006). Toxicity of lindane (Gamma Hexachloro-cyclohexane) to Clarias gariepinus(Burchell, 1822).World J. Zool., 1 (1): 57-63.
[12]	Omoregie, E. and Ufodike, E. and Onwuliyi, C. (1995). Effects of Petroleum effluent on carbohydrate reserves of the Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus(L), Journal of Aquatic Science. 12: 1 7.
[13]	Oyelese, O. and E. Faturoti, 1995. Growth and mentality estimates in Clarias gariepinus fed graded levels of processed cassava peels J. Trop. ForestResources, 11: 71-81.
[14]	Rodrigues, B. and Almeida, F. (1998). Guia de Herbicidas. Londrina, Paraná–Brazil. 648P.
[15]	Solbe, J., 1995. Fresh Water in: Handbook ofEcotoxicology (Edited by Peter Calins) Black WellScience Ltd. Osneymeed OX 20EL, 68: 3.
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Odo Joel Inya, Manyi Manasseh Msugh-Ter, Ebah Esther Eneyi. (2019). Effects of Acute Concentrations of Vestaline® (pendimethalin) Herbicide on Histopathology of Liver and Gills of Exposed Clarias gariepinus Juveniles. International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology, 4(4), 88-92. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20190404.12

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ACS Style

Odo Joel Inya; Manyi Manasseh Msugh-Ter; Ebah Esther Eneyi. Effects of Acute Concentrations of Vestaline® (pendimethalin) Herbicide on Histopathology of Liver and Gills of Exposed Clarias gariepinus Juveniles. Int. J. Ecotoxicol. Ecobiol. 2019, 4(4), 88-92. doi: 10.11648/j.ijee.20190404.12

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AMA Style

Odo Joel Inya, Manyi Manasseh Msugh-Ter, Ebah Esther Eneyi. Effects of Acute Concentrations of Vestaline® (pendimethalin) Herbicide on Histopathology of Liver and Gills of Exposed Clarias gariepinus Juveniles. Int J Ecotoxicol Ecobiol. 2019;4(4):88-92. doi: 10.11648/j.ijee.20190404.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijee.20190404.12,
  author = {Odo Joel Inya and Manyi Manasseh Msugh-Ter and Ebah Esther Eneyi},
  title = {Effects of Acute Concentrations of Vestaline® (pendimethalin) Herbicide on Histopathology of Liver and Gills of Exposed Clarias gariepinus Juveniles},
  journal = {International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology},
  volume = {4},
  number = {4},
  pages = {88-92},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijee.20190404.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20190404.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijee.20190404.12},
  abstract = {This study was carried out to determine histopathological damages of liver and gills caused by acute concentrations of vestaline®(pendimethalin) herbicide on Clarias gariepinus using96-hour bioassay test. The toxicity was carried out using 180 healthy fish of mean weight 27.97±0.03g which were divided into six treatments with each treatment having ten fish and the setup was in triplicate. The concentrations of Vestaline®(pendimethalin) herbicide used were (0.0mg/l, 33mg/l, 82.5mg/l,115.5mg/l,148.5mg/l and 181.5mg/l). After the 96-hours, both gills and liver of the fish were removed from dead fish. Photomicrographs of the histological slides were taken.Histology of the liver in control sample showed normal hepatic tissue (Hepatocytes with granular cytoplasm) and round nucleus. Histology of the gills in control sample showed normal structure of the filaments and lamellae. The histology of the exposedliver Showed vacoulation of cytoplasm, rapture of hepatocytes, bile pigment disintegration, necrosis and cytoplasmic degeneration while the histology ofgills exposed to different concentrations of vestaline®(pendimethalin) herbicide showed marked distortion of the gills lamellae, hyperplasia of lamellar epithelium and necrosis. The acute concentrations confirmed that vestaline®(pendimethalin) herbicide is highly toxic to Clarias garienpinus and showed heightened damages at higher concentrations.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effects of Acute Concentrations of Vestaline® (pendimethalin) Herbicide on Histopathology of Liver and Gills of Exposed Clarias gariepinus Juveniles
AU  - Odo Joel Inya
AU  - Manyi Manasseh Msugh-Ter
AU  - Ebah Esther Eneyi
Y1  - 2019/12/02
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20190404.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijee.20190404.12
T2  - International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology
JF  - International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology
JO  - International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology
SP  - 88
EP  - 92
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1735
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20190404.12
AB  - This study was carried out to determine histopathological damages of liver and gills caused by acute concentrations of vestaline®(pendimethalin) herbicide on Clarias gariepinus using96-hour bioassay test. The toxicity was carried out using 180 healthy fish of mean weight 27.97±0.03g which were divided into six treatments with each treatment having ten fish and the setup was in triplicate. The concentrations of Vestaline®(pendimethalin) herbicide used were (0.0mg/l, 33mg/l, 82.5mg/l,115.5mg/l,148.5mg/l and 181.5mg/l). After the 96-hours, both gills and liver of the fish were removed from dead fish. Photomicrographs of the histological slides were taken.Histology of the liver in control sample showed normal hepatic tissue (Hepatocytes with granular cytoplasm) and round nucleus. Histology of the gills in control sample showed normal structure of the filaments and lamellae. The histology of the exposedliver Showed vacoulation of cytoplasm, rapture of hepatocytes, bile pigment disintegration, necrosis and cytoplasmic degeneration while the histology ofgills exposed to different concentrations of vestaline®(pendimethalin) herbicide showed marked distortion of the gills lamellae, hyperplasia of lamellar epithelium and necrosis. The acute concentrations confirmed that vestaline®(pendimethalin) herbicide is highly toxic to Clarias garienpinus and showed heightened damages at higher concentrations.
VL  - 4
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Odo Joel Inya

Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria
Manyi Manasseh Msugh-Ter

Department of Zoology, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria
Ebah Esther Eneyi

Department of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria

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Odo Joel Inya, Manyi Manasseh Msugh-Ter, Ebah Esther Eneyi. (2019). Effects of Acute Concentrations of Vestaline® (pendimethalin) Herbicide on Histopathology of Liver and Gills of Exposed Clarias gariepinus Juveniles. International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology, 4(4), 88-92. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20190404.12

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ACS Style

Odo Joel Inya; Manyi Manasseh Msugh-Ter; Ebah Esther Eneyi. Effects of Acute Concentrations of Vestaline® (pendimethalin) Herbicide on Histopathology of Liver and Gills of Exposed Clarias gariepinus Juveniles. Int. J. Ecotoxicol. Ecobiol. 2019, 4(4), 88-92. doi: 10.11648/j.ijee.20190404.12

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AMA Style

Odo Joel Inya, Manyi Manasseh Msugh-Ter, Ebah Esther Eneyi. Effects of Acute Concentrations of Vestaline® (pendimethalin) Herbicide on Histopathology of Liver and Gills of Exposed Clarias gariepinus Juveniles. Int J Ecotoxicol Ecobiol. 2019;4(4):88-92. doi: 10.11648/j.ijee.20190404.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijee.20190404.12,
  author = {Odo Joel Inya and Manyi Manasseh Msugh-Ter and Ebah Esther Eneyi},
  title = {Effects of Acute Concentrations of Vestaline® (pendimethalin) Herbicide on Histopathology of Liver and Gills of Exposed Clarias gariepinus Juveniles},
  journal = {International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology},
  volume = {4},
  number = {4},
  pages = {88-92},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijee.20190404.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20190404.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijee.20190404.12},
  abstract = {This study was carried out to determine histopathological damages of liver and gills caused by acute concentrations of vestaline®(pendimethalin) herbicide on Clarias gariepinus using96-hour bioassay test. The toxicity was carried out using 180 healthy fish of mean weight 27.97±0.03g which were divided into six treatments with each treatment having ten fish and the setup was in triplicate. The concentrations of Vestaline®(pendimethalin) herbicide used were (0.0mg/l, 33mg/l, 82.5mg/l,115.5mg/l,148.5mg/l and 181.5mg/l). After the 96-hours, both gills and liver of the fish were removed from dead fish. Photomicrographs of the histological slides were taken.Histology of the liver in control sample showed normal hepatic tissue (Hepatocytes with granular cytoplasm) and round nucleus. Histology of the gills in control sample showed normal structure of the filaments and lamellae. The histology of the exposedliver Showed vacoulation of cytoplasm, rapture of hepatocytes, bile pigment disintegration, necrosis and cytoplasmic degeneration while the histology ofgills exposed to different concentrations of vestaline®(pendimethalin) herbicide showed marked distortion of the gills lamellae, hyperplasia of lamellar epithelium and necrosis. The acute concentrations confirmed that vestaline®(pendimethalin) herbicide is highly toxic to Clarias garienpinus and showed heightened damages at higher concentrations.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effects of Acute Concentrations of Vestaline® (pendimethalin) Herbicide on Histopathology of Liver and Gills of Exposed Clarias gariepinus Juveniles
AU  - Odo Joel Inya
AU  - Manyi Manasseh Msugh-Ter
AU  - Ebah Esther Eneyi
Y1  - 2019/12/02
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20190404.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijee.20190404.12
T2  - International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology
JF  - International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology
JO  - International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology
SP  - 88
EP  - 92
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1735
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20190404.12
AB  - This study was carried out to determine histopathological damages of liver and gills caused by acute concentrations of vestaline®(pendimethalin) herbicide on Clarias gariepinus using96-hour bioassay test. The toxicity was carried out using 180 healthy fish of mean weight 27.97±0.03g which were divided into six treatments with each treatment having ten fish and the setup was in triplicate. The concentrations of Vestaline®(pendimethalin) herbicide used were (0.0mg/l, 33mg/l, 82.5mg/l,115.5mg/l,148.5mg/l and 181.5mg/l). After the 96-hours, both gills and liver of the fish were removed from dead fish. Photomicrographs of the histological slides were taken.Histology of the liver in control sample showed normal hepatic tissue (Hepatocytes with granular cytoplasm) and round nucleus. Histology of the gills in control sample showed normal structure of the filaments and lamellae. The histology of the exposedliver Showed vacoulation of cytoplasm, rapture of hepatocytes, bile pigment disintegration, necrosis and cytoplasmic degeneration while the histology ofgills exposed to different concentrations of vestaline®(pendimethalin) herbicide showed marked distortion of the gills lamellae, hyperplasia of lamellar epithelium and necrosis. The acute concentrations confirmed that vestaline®(pendimethalin) herbicide is highly toxic to Clarias garienpinus and showed heightened damages at higher concentrations.
VL  - 4
IS  - 4
ER  -

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