Conservation of Predatory Fauna and Decline of Insect Pests Status in Ecologically Engineered Tomato Ecosystem of Kashmir

Baber Parvaiz; Akhtar Ali Khan

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijee.20220703.13

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Conservation of Predatory Fauna and Decline of Insect Pests Status in Ecologically Engineered Tomato Ecosystem of Kashmir

Baber Parvaiz, Akhtar Ali Khan

Published in International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology (Volume 7, Issue 3)

Received: 30 June 2022 Accepted: 15 July 2022 Published: 15 August 2022

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Abstract

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is one of the most important culinary vegetables throughout the world. Tomato crop was maintained in Ecologically Engineered field conditions at Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India in 2019. Abiotic factors play an important role and was showed a significant positive correlation with temperature, Relative humidity, and a non-significant negative correlation with rainfall. Temperature with Biotic factors plays a significant positive correlation. Agro-ecosystem analysis of biological factors with respect to pests and beneficial insects, to understand the intricate interactions in the ecosystem, revealed that the ecosystem has created favorable conditions for natural enemies. Natural enemies were controlling tomato pests in the absence of external forces like chemical pesticides. Hence mean pest population, Myzus persicae (14.20 aphids/plant), and Helicoverpa armigera (0.96 larvae/plant) in an ecologically engineered field were significantly reduced from that of the control were 31.74 aphids/plants and 2.69 larvae/plant, respectively. Among predatory natural enemies distribution and relative abundance, the family Syrphidae was maximum followed by order Araneae and total enhancement and conservation of natural enemies population was 3.86/plant as compared to control plot (1.09/plant) was certainly helps in the minimizing the population of Myzus persicae and Helicoverpa armigera in ecologically engineered field conditions.

Published in	International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology (Volume 7, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijee.20220703.13
Page(s)	49-59
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Insect Pests, Natural Enemies, Ecological Engineering, Tomato Field, Vegetable Ecosystem

References

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Baber Parvaiz, Akhtar Ali Khan. (2022). Conservation of Predatory Fauna and Decline of Insect Pests Status in Ecologically Engineered Tomato Ecosystem of Kashmir. International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology, 7(3), 49-59. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20220703.13

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Baber Parvaiz; Akhtar Ali Khan. Conservation of Predatory Fauna and Decline of Insect Pests Status in Ecologically Engineered Tomato Ecosystem of Kashmir. Int. J. Ecotoxicol. Ecobiol. 2022, 7(3), 49-59. doi: 10.11648/j.ijee.20220703.13

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Baber Parvaiz, Akhtar Ali Khan. Conservation of Predatory Fauna and Decline of Insect Pests Status in Ecologically Engineered Tomato Ecosystem of Kashmir. Int J Ecotoxicol Ecobiol. 2022;7(3):49-59. doi: 10.11648/j.ijee.20220703.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ijee.20220703.13,
  author = {Baber Parvaiz and Akhtar Ali Khan},
  title = {Conservation of Predatory Fauna and Decline of Insect Pests Status in Ecologically Engineered Tomato Ecosystem of Kashmir},
  journal = {International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology},
  volume = {7},
  number = {3},
  pages = {49-59},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijee.20220703.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20220703.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijee.20220703.13},
  abstract = {Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is one of the most important culinary vegetables throughout the world. Tomato crop was maintained in Ecologically Engineered field conditions at Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India in 2019. Abiotic factors play an important role and was showed a significant positive correlation with temperature, Relative humidity, and a non-significant negative correlation with rainfall. Temperature with Biotic factors plays a significant positive correlation. Agro-ecosystem analysis of biological factors with respect to pests and beneficial insects, to understand the intricate interactions in the ecosystem, revealed that the ecosystem has created favorable conditions for natural enemies. Natural enemies were controlling tomato pests in the absence of external forces like chemical pesticides. Hence mean pest population, Myzus persicae (14.20 aphids/plant), and Helicoverpa armigera (0.96 larvae/plant) in an ecologically engineered field were significantly reduced from that of the control were 31.74 aphids/plants and 2.69 larvae/plant, respectively. Among predatory natural enemies distribution and relative abundance, the family Syrphidae was maximum followed by order Araneae and total enhancement and conservation of natural enemies population was 3.86/plant as compared to control plot (1.09/plant) was certainly helps in the minimizing the population of Myzus persicae and Helicoverpa armigera in ecologically engineered field conditions.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Conservation of Predatory Fauna and Decline of Insect Pests Status in Ecologically Engineered Tomato Ecosystem of Kashmir
AU  - Baber Parvaiz
AU  - Akhtar Ali Khan
Y1  - 2022/08/15
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20220703.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijee.20220703.13
T2  - International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology
JF  - International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology
JO  - International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology
SP  - 49
EP  - 59
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1735
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20220703.13
AB  - Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is one of the most important culinary vegetables throughout the world. Tomato crop was maintained in Ecologically Engineered field conditions at Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India in 2019. Abiotic factors play an important role and was showed a significant positive correlation with temperature, Relative humidity, and a non-significant negative correlation with rainfall. Temperature with Biotic factors plays a significant positive correlation. Agro-ecosystem analysis of biological factors with respect to pests and beneficial insects, to understand the intricate interactions in the ecosystem, revealed that the ecosystem has created favorable conditions for natural enemies. Natural enemies were controlling tomato pests in the absence of external forces like chemical pesticides. Hence mean pest population, Myzus persicae (14.20 aphids/plant), and Helicoverpa armigera (0.96 larvae/plant) in an ecologically engineered field were significantly reduced from that of the control were 31.74 aphids/plants and 2.69 larvae/plant, respectively. Among predatory natural enemies distribution and relative abundance, the family Syrphidae was maximum followed by order Araneae and total enhancement and conservation of natural enemies population was 3.86/plant as compared to control plot (1.09/plant) was certainly helps in the minimizing the population of Myzus persicae and Helicoverpa armigera in ecologically engineered field conditions.
VL  - 7
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Author Information

Baber Parvaiz

Division of Entomology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar Campus, Srinagar, India
Akhtar Ali Khan

Division of Entomology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar Campus, Srinagar, India

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Baber Parvaiz, Akhtar Ali Khan. (2022). Conservation of Predatory Fauna and Decline of Insect Pests Status in Ecologically Engineered Tomato Ecosystem of Kashmir. International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology, 7(3), 49-59. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20220703.13

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ACS Style

Baber Parvaiz; Akhtar Ali Khan. Conservation of Predatory Fauna and Decline of Insect Pests Status in Ecologically Engineered Tomato Ecosystem of Kashmir. Int. J. Ecotoxicol. Ecobiol. 2022, 7(3), 49-59. doi: 10.11648/j.ijee.20220703.13

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AMA Style

Baber Parvaiz, Akhtar Ali Khan. Conservation of Predatory Fauna and Decline of Insect Pests Status in Ecologically Engineered Tomato Ecosystem of Kashmir. Int J Ecotoxicol Ecobiol. 2022;7(3):49-59. doi: 10.11648/j.ijee.20220703.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ijee.20220703.13,
  author = {Baber Parvaiz and Akhtar Ali Khan},
  title = {Conservation of Predatory Fauna and Decline of Insect Pests Status in Ecologically Engineered Tomato Ecosystem of Kashmir},
  journal = {International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology},
  volume = {7},
  number = {3},
  pages = {49-59},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijee.20220703.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20220703.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijee.20220703.13},
  abstract = {Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is one of the most important culinary vegetables throughout the world. Tomato crop was maintained in Ecologically Engineered field conditions at Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India in 2019. Abiotic factors play an important role and was showed a significant positive correlation with temperature, Relative humidity, and a non-significant negative correlation with rainfall. Temperature with Biotic factors plays a significant positive correlation. Agro-ecosystem analysis of biological factors with respect to pests and beneficial insects, to understand the intricate interactions in the ecosystem, revealed that the ecosystem has created favorable conditions for natural enemies. Natural enemies were controlling tomato pests in the absence of external forces like chemical pesticides. Hence mean pest population, Myzus persicae (14.20 aphids/plant), and Helicoverpa armigera (0.96 larvae/plant) in an ecologically engineered field were significantly reduced from that of the control were 31.74 aphids/plants and 2.69 larvae/plant, respectively. Among predatory natural enemies distribution and relative abundance, the family Syrphidae was maximum followed by order Araneae and total enhancement and conservation of natural enemies population was 3.86/plant as compared to control plot (1.09/plant) was certainly helps in the minimizing the population of Myzus persicae and Helicoverpa armigera in ecologically engineered field conditions.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Conservation of Predatory Fauna and Decline of Insect Pests Status in Ecologically Engineered Tomato Ecosystem of Kashmir
AU  - Baber Parvaiz
AU  - Akhtar Ali Khan
Y1  - 2022/08/15
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20220703.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijee.20220703.13
T2  - International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology
JF  - International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology
JO  - International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology
SP  - 49
EP  - 59
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1735
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20220703.13
AB  - Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is one of the most important culinary vegetables throughout the world. Tomato crop was maintained in Ecologically Engineered field conditions at Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India in 2019. Abiotic factors play an important role and was showed a significant positive correlation with temperature, Relative humidity, and a non-significant negative correlation with rainfall. Temperature with Biotic factors plays a significant positive correlation. Agro-ecosystem analysis of biological factors with respect to pests and beneficial insects, to understand the intricate interactions in the ecosystem, revealed that the ecosystem has created favorable conditions for natural enemies. Natural enemies were controlling tomato pests in the absence of external forces like chemical pesticides. Hence mean pest population, Myzus persicae (14.20 aphids/plant), and Helicoverpa armigera (0.96 larvae/plant) in an ecologically engineered field were significantly reduced from that of the control were 31.74 aphids/plants and 2.69 larvae/plant, respectively. Among predatory natural enemies distribution and relative abundance, the family Syrphidae was maximum followed by order Araneae and total enhancement and conservation of natural enemies population was 3.86/plant as compared to control plot (1.09/plant) was certainly helps in the minimizing the population of Myzus persicae and Helicoverpa armigera in ecologically engineered field conditions.
VL  - 7
IS  - 3
ER  -

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