On Inclusive Growth: An Economic Growth Time-Frequency Analysis of the Democratic Republic of Congo from 1975-2016

Glody Singa; René Gilles Bokolo

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijefm.20231103.13

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On Inclusive Growth: An Economic Growth Time-Frequency Analysis of the Democratic Republic of Congo from 1975-2016

Glody Singa, René Gilles Bokolo

Published in International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences (Volume 11, Issue 3)

Received: 3 April 2023 Accepted: 24 April 2023 Published: 10 May 2023

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Abstract

This paper focuses on fluctuations in the inclusiveness of economic growth (in terms of its participatory aspect) in the Democratic Republic of Congo at different time scales. We investigate the extent to which variations in economic growth are explained by variations in the unemployment rate, the agricultural sector, and the mining sector, using an econometric model known as Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag model which will give us both short and long-term impulse responses in order to identify the dynamics of our variables (endogenous and exogenous). In the same vein, we show that the development of a structural economic policy is imperative to overcome the problem of the non-resilience of the Congolese economy, in particular through the promotion of growth-catalyzing sectors in order to generate more wealth to be equitably redistributed to each segment of the Congolese population as well as to the pro-poor sectors. Moreover, knowing that the Congolese economy has been confronted with multiple shocks (supply and demand) to the point of damaging its sustainability, the information contained in the fluctuations of economic growth informs us about the state of inclusive growth in its entirety relative to the interference of the Congolese state. Thus, the cyclical movements of economic growth are extracted using a multi-resolution analysis (or wavelet decomposition) that spreads a time series at different levels of resolution.

Published in	International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences (Volume 11, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijefm.20231103.13
Page(s)	104-111
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Inclusive Growth, Time Series, Multiresolution, Wavelet, Structural Economic Policy, Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag Autoregression, Non-resilience

References

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[3]	Mehlum, H, Moene, K., and Torvik, R. 2006. “Institutions and the Resource Curse.” Economic Journal 116 (508): 1–20.
[4]	Cajetan M. Akujuobi, “Wavelets and Wavelet Transform Systems and Their Applications, A Digital Signal Processing Approach”, ed. Springer Nature, 2022, p. 1-4.
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[6]	Habito, C. F. (2009). “Patterns of inclusive growth in Asia: insights from an enhanced growth-poverty elasticity analysis”. ADBI Working Paper, no 145. Asian Development Bank Institute, Tokyo: 1-42.
[7]	Jonas, K. K (2018) «Modélisation ARDL, Test de cointégration aux bornes et Approche de Toda-Yamamoto: éléments de théorie et pratiques sur logiciels» HAL, pp. 1-37.
[8]	KABUYA KALALA F. et T. MBIYE: "Politique économique revisitée en RDC: pesanteurs d'hier et perspectives" Ed. l'Afrique des Grands lacs, 2000-2001. pp 307-326.
[9]	Klasen, S. (2010). “Measuring and monitoring inclusive growth: multiple definitions, open questions, and some constructive proposals”. ADB Sustainable Development Working Paper, no 12. Asian Bank of Development: 1-19.
[10]	Krugman, P. 1987. “The Narrow Moving Band, the Dutch Disease, and the Competitive Consequences of Mrs. Thatcher. Notes on Trade in the Presence of Dynamic Scale Economies.” Journal of Development Economics 27 (1–2): 41–55.
[11]	LokotaIlondo M., Lukau Ebonda P et Matata Amisi D., comprendre la croissance inclusive, Lareq Working Papers Series w. P. 1001-2015, pp. 6.
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[14]	Papyrakis, E., and Gerlagh, R. 2004. “The Resource Curse Hypothesis and Its Transmission Channels.” Journal of Comparative Economics 32 (1): 181–93.
[15]	PNUD, «Pauvreté et conditions de vie des ménages résumé», province de Kinshasa, Mars 2009. pp. 5.
[16]	Pesaran, M. H., Y. Shin, and R. Smith, 2001, Bounds testing approaches to the analysis of level relationships. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 16, pp. 289-326.
[17]	Rapport Annuel 2015, Chambres de mines, Fédération des Entreprises du Congo (FEC), Industrie minière en RDC, pp. 5.
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Glody Singa, René Gilles Bokolo. (2023). On Inclusive Growth: An Economic Growth Time-Frequency Analysis of the Democratic Republic of Congo from 1975-2016. International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences, 11(3), 104-111. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijefm.20231103.13

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ACS Style

Glody Singa; René Gilles Bokolo. On Inclusive Growth: An Economic Growth Time-Frequency Analysis of the Democratic Republic of Congo from 1975-2016. Int. J. Econ. Finance Manag. Sci. 2023, 11(3), 104-111. doi: 10.11648/j.ijefm.20231103.13

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AMA Style

Glody Singa, René Gilles Bokolo. On Inclusive Growth: An Economic Growth Time-Frequency Analysis of the Democratic Republic of Congo from 1975-2016. Int J Econ Finance Manag Sci. 2023;11(3):104-111. doi: 10.11648/j.ijefm.20231103.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ijefm.20231103.13,
  author = {Glody Singa and René Gilles Bokolo},
  title = {On Inclusive Growth: An Economic Growth Time-Frequency Analysis of the Democratic Republic of Congo from 1975-2016},
  journal = {International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences},
  volume = {11},
  number = {3},
  pages = {104-111},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijefm.20231103.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijefm.20231103.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijefm.20231103.13},
  abstract = {This paper focuses on fluctuations in the inclusiveness of economic growth (in terms of its participatory aspect) in the Democratic Republic of Congo at different time scales. We investigate the extent to which variations in economic growth are explained by variations in the unemployment rate, the agricultural sector, and the mining sector, using an econometric model known as Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag model which will give us both short and long-term impulse responses in order to identify the dynamics of our variables (endogenous and exogenous). In the same vein, we show that the development of a structural economic policy is imperative to overcome the problem of the non-resilience of the Congolese economy, in particular through the promotion of growth-catalyzing sectors in order to generate more wealth to be equitably redistributed to each segment of the Congolese population as well as to the pro-poor sectors. Moreover, knowing that the Congolese economy has been confronted with multiple shocks (supply and demand) to the point of damaging its sustainability, the information contained in the fluctuations of economic growth informs us about the state of inclusive growth in its entirety relative to the interference of the Congolese state. Thus, the cyclical movements of economic growth are extracted using a multi-resolution analysis (or wavelet decomposition) that spreads a time series at different levels of resolution.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - On Inclusive Growth: An Economic Growth Time-Frequency Analysis of the Democratic Republic of Congo from 1975-2016
AU  - Glody Singa
AU  - René Gilles Bokolo
Y1  - 2023/05/10
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DO  - 10.11648/j.ijefm.20231103.13
T2  - International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences
JF  - International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences
JO  - International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences
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PB  - Science Publishing Group
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AB  - This paper focuses on fluctuations in the inclusiveness of economic growth (in terms of its participatory aspect) in the Democratic Republic of Congo at different time scales. We investigate the extent to which variations in economic growth are explained by variations in the unemployment rate, the agricultural sector, and the mining sector, using an econometric model known as Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag model which will give us both short and long-term impulse responses in order to identify the dynamics of our variables (endogenous and exogenous). In the same vein, we show that the development of a structural economic policy is imperative to overcome the problem of the non-resilience of the Congolese economy, in particular through the promotion of growth-catalyzing sectors in order to generate more wealth to be equitably redistributed to each segment of the Congolese population as well as to the pro-poor sectors. Moreover, knowing that the Congolese economy has been confronted with multiple shocks (supply and demand) to the point of damaging its sustainability, the information contained in the fluctuations of economic growth informs us about the state of inclusive growth in its entirety relative to the interference of the Congolese state. Thus, the cyclical movements of economic growth are extracted using a multi-resolution analysis (or wavelet decomposition) that spreads a time series at different levels of resolution.
VL  - 11
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Author Information

Glody Singa

Department of Quantitative Economics and Computer Management, College of Economics and Development, Catholic University of Congo, Kinshasa, D.R. Congo
René Gilles Bokolo

Department of Mathematics, College of Sciences and Technology, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, D.R. Congo

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APA Style

Glody Singa, René Gilles Bokolo. (2023). On Inclusive Growth: An Economic Growth Time-Frequency Analysis of the Democratic Republic of Congo from 1975-2016. International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences, 11(3), 104-111. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijefm.20231103.13

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ACS Style

Glody Singa; René Gilles Bokolo. On Inclusive Growth: An Economic Growth Time-Frequency Analysis of the Democratic Republic of Congo from 1975-2016. Int. J. Econ. Finance Manag. Sci. 2023, 11(3), 104-111. doi: 10.11648/j.ijefm.20231103.13

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AMA Style

Glody Singa, René Gilles Bokolo. On Inclusive Growth: An Economic Growth Time-Frequency Analysis of the Democratic Republic of Congo from 1975-2016. Int J Econ Finance Manag Sci. 2023;11(3):104-111. doi: 10.11648/j.ijefm.20231103.13

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijefm.20231103.13,
  author = {Glody Singa and René Gilles Bokolo},
  title = {On Inclusive Growth: An Economic Growth Time-Frequency Analysis of the Democratic Republic of Congo from 1975-2016},
  journal = {International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences},
  volume = {11},
  number = {3},
  pages = {104-111},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijefm.20231103.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijefm.20231103.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijefm.20231103.13},
  abstract = {This paper focuses on fluctuations in the inclusiveness of economic growth (in terms of its participatory aspect) in the Democratic Republic of Congo at different time scales. We investigate the extent to which variations in economic growth are explained by variations in the unemployment rate, the agricultural sector, and the mining sector, using an econometric model known as Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag model which will give us both short and long-term impulse responses in order to identify the dynamics of our variables (endogenous and exogenous). In the same vein, we show that the development of a structural economic policy is imperative to overcome the problem of the non-resilience of the Congolese economy, in particular through the promotion of growth-catalyzing sectors in order to generate more wealth to be equitably redistributed to each segment of the Congolese population as well as to the pro-poor sectors. Moreover, knowing that the Congolese economy has been confronted with multiple shocks (supply and demand) to the point of damaging its sustainability, the information contained in the fluctuations of economic growth informs us about the state of inclusive growth in its entirety relative to the interference of the Congolese state. Thus, the cyclical movements of economic growth are extracted using a multi-resolution analysis (or wavelet decomposition) that spreads a time series at different levels of resolution.},
 year = {2023}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - On Inclusive Growth: An Economic Growth Time-Frequency Analysis of the Democratic Republic of Congo from 1975-2016
AU  - Glody Singa
AU  - René Gilles Bokolo
Y1  - 2023/05/10
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijefm.20231103.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijefm.20231103.13
T2  - International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences
JF  - International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences
JO  - International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences
SP  - 104
EP  - 111
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2326-9561
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijefm.20231103.13
AB  - This paper focuses on fluctuations in the inclusiveness of economic growth (in terms of its participatory aspect) in the Democratic Republic of Congo at different time scales. We investigate the extent to which variations in economic growth are explained by variations in the unemployment rate, the agricultural sector, and the mining sector, using an econometric model known as Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag model which will give us both short and long-term impulse responses in order to identify the dynamics of our variables (endogenous and exogenous). In the same vein, we show that the development of a structural economic policy is imperative to overcome the problem of the non-resilience of the Congolese economy, in particular through the promotion of growth-catalyzing sectors in order to generate more wealth to be equitably redistributed to each segment of the Congolese population as well as to the pro-poor sectors. Moreover, knowing that the Congolese economy has been confronted with multiple shocks (supply and demand) to the point of damaging its sustainability, the information contained in the fluctuations of economic growth informs us about the state of inclusive growth in its entirety relative to the interference of the Congolese state. Thus, the cyclical movements of economic growth are extracted using a multi-resolution analysis (or wavelet decomposition) that spreads a time series at different levels of resolution.
VL  - 11
IS  - 3
ER  -

Copy | Download