The article seeks to reflect on the animal theme. Not only a brief perspective of legal historical evolution, but, in particular, about the legal regime emerging from the 2017 reform of the Portuguese Civil Code. In our opinion, the reform was timid, confusing and disappointing. In large part, the applicable regime turns out to be, in large part, the regime of things, applicable on a subsidiary basis. Furthermore, with regard to the right to property, it no longer applies only to things, admitting ownership of animals. However, respect for animal welfare, namely the guarantee of access to water and food, as well as the guarantee of access to medical and veterinary care, including prophylactic, identification and vaccination measures, coexist poorly with the property itself. On the other hand, with regard to the occupation, perplexities remain. Especially with regard to the content of articles 1318 and 1323 CC. And, of course, with regard to the implications arising from the legal nature of the animal. In fact, it matters to know if we are dealing with a thing, an object, a tertium genus or a subject of rights. On the other hand, apart from the options of the Portuguese legislator, we analyze, very briefly, recent theories, whose common denominator is a clear defense and affirmation of animal rights.
| Published in | International Journal of Law and Society (Volume 4, Issue 3) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ijls.20210403.14 |
| Page(s) | 177-186 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Animal, Tertium Genus, Animal Welbeing, Anthropocentrism, Speciesism, Trust, Animal Rights, Zoopolis
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APA Style
Jose Luis Bonifácio Ramos. (2021). The Animal Issue Revisited: Tertium Genus or Subject. International Journal of Law and Society, 4(3), 177-186. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijls.20210403.14
ACS Style
Jose Luis Bonifácio Ramos. The Animal Issue Revisited: Tertium Genus or Subject. Int. J. Law Soc. 2021, 4(3), 177-186. doi: 10.11648/j.ijls.20210403.14
AMA Style
Jose Luis Bonifácio Ramos. The Animal Issue Revisited: Tertium Genus or Subject. Int J Law Soc. 2021;4(3):177-186. doi: 10.11648/j.ijls.20210403.14
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Download@article{10.11648/j.ijls.20210403.14,
author = {Jose Luis Bonifácio Ramos},
title = {The Animal Issue Revisited: Tertium Genus or Subject},
journal = {International Journal of Law and Society},
volume = {4},
number = {3},
pages = {177-186},
doi = {10.11648/j.ijls.20210403.14},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijls.20210403.14},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijls.20210403.14},
abstract = {The article seeks to reflect on the animal theme. Not only a brief perspective of legal historical evolution, but, in particular, about the legal regime emerging from the 2017 reform of the Portuguese Civil Code. In our opinion, the reform was timid, confusing and disappointing. In large part, the applicable regime turns out to be, in large part, the regime of things, applicable on a subsidiary basis. Furthermore, with regard to the right to property, it no longer applies only to things, admitting ownership of animals. However, respect for animal welfare, namely the guarantee of access to water and food, as well as the guarantee of access to medical and veterinary care, including prophylactic, identification and vaccination measures, coexist poorly with the property itself. On the other hand, with regard to the occupation, perplexities remain. Especially with regard to the content of articles 1318 and 1323 CC. And, of course, with regard to the implications arising from the legal nature of the animal. In fact, it matters to know if we are dealing with a thing, an object, a tertium genus or a subject of rights. On the other hand, apart from the options of the Portuguese legislator, we analyze, very briefly, recent theories, whose common denominator is a clear defense and affirmation of animal rights.},
year = {2021}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - The Animal Issue Revisited: Tertium Genus or Subject AU - Jose Luis Bonifácio Ramos Y1 - 2021/08/18 PY - 2021 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijls.20210403.14 DO - 10.11648/j.ijls.20210403.14 T2 - International Journal of Law and Society JF - International Journal of Law and Society JO - International Journal of Law and Society SP - 177 EP - 186 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2640-1908 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijls.20210403.14 AB - The article seeks to reflect on the animal theme. Not only a brief perspective of legal historical evolution, but, in particular, about the legal regime emerging from the 2017 reform of the Portuguese Civil Code. In our opinion, the reform was timid, confusing and disappointing. In large part, the applicable regime turns out to be, in large part, the regime of things, applicable on a subsidiary basis. Furthermore, with regard to the right to property, it no longer applies only to things, admitting ownership of animals. However, respect for animal welfare, namely the guarantee of access to water and food, as well as the guarantee of access to medical and veterinary care, including prophylactic, identification and vaccination measures, coexist poorly with the property itself. On the other hand, with regard to the occupation, perplexities remain. Especially with regard to the content of articles 1318 and 1323 CC. And, of course, with regard to the implications arising from the legal nature of the animal. In fact, it matters to know if we are dealing with a thing, an object, a tertium genus or a subject of rights. On the other hand, apart from the options of the Portuguese legislator, we analyze, very briefly, recent theories, whose common denominator is a clear defense and affirmation of animal rights. VL - 4 IS - 3 ER -
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