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Research on Divided Infringement Judgment of Patented Process in China

Received: 10 August 2021    Accepted: 20 August 2021    Published: 31 August 2021
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Abstract

For patented process, there may be a problem of divided infringement caused by multiple parties performing part of the method steps separately, especially in the field of electronic communication. Because there are some obstacles in the law and the traditional patent infringement theories, it is quite difficult to deal with the issues of divided infringement in China, whether direct infringement theory or indirect infringement theory is adopted. Some relative China judicial cases had attempted to breakthrough these obstacles, however, the authority rule is still not established. This paper firstly introduced three China cases -Watchdata v. Hengbao, Xidian Jietong v. Sony, and Dunjun v. Jixiang Tenda, then tried to learn from U.S. cases. After years of judicial experience, the U.S. courts paid more attention to the actual behavior of dominant party and have gradually established “control or direction” rule under the direct infringement theory when meeting divided infringement. Based on the analysis of relevant theories and cases, this paper suggests to make an judicial interpretation for “use the patented process” in rule 11 of patent law of China, and construct “control or direction” rule in China by diluting the subjective requirement of conscious connection by parties, investigating the major party of the key steps in executing the patented process to solve the problem of divided infringement.

Published in International Journal of Law and Society (Volume 4, Issue 3)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijls.20210403.17
Page(s) 203-208
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Patented Process, Divided Infringement, Direct Infringement, "Control or Direction" Rule

References
[1] Lemley, Mark A., O'Brien, David, Kent, Ryan M., Ramani, Ashok. Divided Infringement Claims [J]. American Intellectual Property Law Association Quarterly Journal, 2005, 33: 255-285.
[2] Baoyun Wang. Discussion on the Infringement Subject of Method Patent [J]. Chinese Inventions and Patents, 2018, 11: 80-86. (in Chinese).
[3] Huaiwen He. Inducement Infringement of Process Patent: Review Akamai Technologies, Inc. v. Limelight Networks, Inc [J]. Intellectual Property, 2013, 3: 89-94. (in Chinese).
[4] Watchdata v. Henbao, (2015) Beijing Intellectual Property Court, Civil preliminary case No. 441, China. https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/lntFtm9sT2fkJWXIo_xnTg?, last visited June. 02, 2021. (in Chinese).
[5] XidianJietong v. Sony, (2015) Beijing Intellectual Property Court, Civil preliminary case No. 1194, China. https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzAxODc1NTI3Ng==&mid=2650948967&idx=1&sn=79901faa4fe6317c9d4f60198d041bc9&chksm=80279ec4b75017d27c009250eff2ed7a8e83a7e32853419d7e339745f5ff0cc624b1f1bc7453&scene=21#wechat_redirect, last visited June. 02, 2021. (in Chinese).
[6] XidianJietong v. Sony, (2017) Beijing Higher People's Court, Civil second case No. 454, China. https://wenshu.court.gov.cn/website/wenshu/181107ANFZ0BXSK4/index.html?docId=19754241ecf44d49b37da8cc0010e49f, last visited June. 02, 2021. (in Chinese).
[7] Baoyun Wang. Discussion on Method Patent Infringement Caused by Multiple Subjects - the Patent Infringement Case of Akamai and XD Jietong [J]. Patent Agency, 2017, 4: 24-30. (in Chinese).
[8] Dunjun v. JixiangTenda, (2019) The Supreme People's Court, Civil second case No. 147, China. https://www.qcc.com/wenshuDetail/fb1700e056f6177b22a1a3a58cbc64be.html, last visited June. 02, 2021. (in Chinese).
[9] IBP, Inc. v. Alvarez, 546 U.S. 21, 34 (2005); BMC Resources, Inc. v. Paymentech, Lp, 498 F. 3d 1373 (Fed. Cir. 2007); Muniauction, Inc. v. Thomson Corp., 532 F. 3d 1318 (Fed. Cir. 2008); Global Patent Holdings, LLC v. PANTHERS BRHC LLC, 586 F. Supp. 2d 1331 (S.D. Fla. 2008).
[10] Akamai Techs., Inc. v. Limelight Networks, Inc., 692 F. 3d 1301, 1319 (Fed. Cir. 2012).
[11] Limelight Networks, Inc. v. Akamai Technologies, Inc., 572 U.S. 915 (2014).
[12] Akamai Techs., Inc. v. Limelight Networks, Inc., 797 F. 3d 1020 (Fed. Cir. 2015).
[13] Eli Lilly and Company v. Teva Parenteral Medicines, 845 F. 3d 1357 (Fed. Cir. 2017).
[14] Travel Sentry, Inc. v. David Tropp, 877 F. 3d 1370 (Fed. Cir. 2017).
[15] Guan Yuying. An Analysis on the Divided Infringement Liability of Software Related Method Patent [J]. Intellectual Property, 2020, 3: 3-16. (in Chinese).
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Zhang Xiaodong, Zhang Bingjian. (2021). Research on Divided Infringement Judgment of Patented Process in China. International Journal of Law and Society, 4(3), 203-208. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijls.20210403.17

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    ACS Style

    Zhang Xiaodong; Zhang Bingjian. Research on Divided Infringement Judgment of Patented Process in China. Int. J. Law Soc. 2021, 4(3), 203-208. doi: 10.11648/j.ijls.20210403.17

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    AMA Style

    Zhang Xiaodong, Zhang Bingjian. Research on Divided Infringement Judgment of Patented Process in China. Int J Law Soc. 2021;4(3):203-208. doi: 10.11648/j.ijls.20210403.17

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijls.20210403.17,
      author = {Zhang Xiaodong and Zhang Bingjian},
      title = {Research on Divided Infringement Judgment of Patented Process in China},
      journal = {International Journal of Law and Society},
      volume = {4},
      number = {3},
      pages = {203-208},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijls.20210403.17},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijls.20210403.17},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijls.20210403.17},
      abstract = {For patented process, there may be a problem of divided infringement caused by multiple parties performing part of the method steps separately, especially in the field of electronic communication. Because there are some obstacles in the law and the traditional patent infringement theories, it is quite difficult to deal with the issues of divided infringement in China, whether direct infringement theory or indirect infringement theory is adopted. Some relative China judicial cases had attempted to breakthrough these obstacles, however, the authority rule is still not established. This paper firstly introduced three China cases -Watchdata v. Hengbao, Xidian Jietong v. Sony, and Dunjun v. Jixiang Tenda, then tried to learn from U.S. cases. After years of judicial experience, the U.S. courts paid more attention to the actual behavior of dominant party and have gradually established “control or direction” rule under the direct infringement theory when meeting divided infringement. Based on the analysis of relevant theories and cases, this paper suggests to make an judicial interpretation for “use the patented process” in rule 11 of patent law of China, and construct “control or direction” rule in China by diluting the subjective requirement of conscious connection by parties, investigating the major party of the key steps in executing the patented process to solve the problem of divided infringement.},
     year = {2021}
    }
    

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    T1  - Research on Divided Infringement Judgment of Patented Process in China
    AU  - Zhang Xiaodong
    AU  - Zhang Bingjian
    Y1  - 2021/08/31
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    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijls.20210403.17
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijls.20210403.17
    T2  - International Journal of Law and Society
    JF  - International Journal of Law and Society
    JO  - International Journal of Law and Society
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    EP  - 208
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2640-1908
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijls.20210403.17
    AB  - For patented process, there may be a problem of divided infringement caused by multiple parties performing part of the method steps separately, especially in the field of electronic communication. Because there are some obstacles in the law and the traditional patent infringement theories, it is quite difficult to deal with the issues of divided infringement in China, whether direct infringement theory or indirect infringement theory is adopted. Some relative China judicial cases had attempted to breakthrough these obstacles, however, the authority rule is still not established. This paper firstly introduced three China cases -Watchdata v. Hengbao, Xidian Jietong v. Sony, and Dunjun v. Jixiang Tenda, then tried to learn from U.S. cases. After years of judicial experience, the U.S. courts paid more attention to the actual behavior of dominant party and have gradually established “control or direction” rule under the direct infringement theory when meeting divided infringement. Based on the analysis of relevant theories and cases, this paper suggests to make an judicial interpretation for “use the patented process” in rule 11 of patent law of China, and construct “control or direction” rule in China by diluting the subjective requirement of conscious connection by parties, investigating the major party of the key steps in executing the patented process to solve the problem of divided infringement.
    VL  - 4
    IS  - 3
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Law School, East China of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China

  • Law School, East China of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China

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