Influence of Ladle Addition Practice on the Castability of Typical Low Carbon Low Silicon Steel

Anil Kumar; Shiv Kumar Choudhary; Saroj Kumar Singh

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijmpem.20180301.11

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Influence of Ladle Addition Practice on the Castability of Typical Low Carbon Low Silicon Steel

Anil Kumar, Shiv Kumar Choudhary, Saroj Kumar Singh

Published in International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy (Volume 3, Issue 1)

Received: 25 April 2018 Accepted: 14 May 2018 Published: 12 June 2018

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Abstract

Continuous casting of low carbon low silicon steel processed though Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) followed by Online Purging station (OLP) and Ladle Furnace (LF) inherently suffers from the problem of clogging of submerged entry nozzles (SEN) during casting due to gradual alumina deposition at the inner surface of the refractory wall. This restricts the incoming flow of liquid steel from tundish to mould through SEN and thus limits the productivity of the caster. On the other hand, excess alumina deposition and their periodic dislodgement from the nozzle refractory surface gives rise to undue stopper rod movement and melt level fluctuations in the mould. All these abnormalities lead to decreased production of good quality slabs. In the present work, influence of ladle addition practice on the castability of typical low carbon low silicon steel has been investigated for a conventional thick slab caster. For identification of inclusions characteristics at different stages of processing, liquid steel samples were collected using the lollipop and a specially designed large sampler during casting. Also, the clog deposits in the used SEN and the natures of inclusions in the clog deposits as well as in the liquid steel were identified by SEM–EDS analysis. Subsequently, to measure the process the different plant trials were carried out for several casting sequences using different deoxidation practices. The upstream processing parameter and corresponding casting data with nozzle clogging index (NCI) for a complete casting sequence were examined for evaluating their casting performances. Addition practice of deoxidant and lime during the ladle treatment has been found to have an important effect of the liquid steel casting. It has been clearly demonstrated the faulty addition practice can lead to severe nozzle clogging during casting. Though a series of plant trials the best addition practice has been determined and implemented in the regular production in the plant for ensuring the smooth production of the given grade of steel. For the quantification of steel cleanliness, total oxygen content (T [O]) of liquid steel, was measured from the samples collected after each ladle treatment stage. T [O] of liquid steel was found in the range of 60−120 ppm at OLP and 30−55 ppm at tundish of low carbon low silicon grade of steel.

Published in	International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy (Volume 3, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijmpem.20180301.11
Page(s)	1-14
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2018. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Al Killed Steel, Ladle Treatment, Slab Casting, SEM-EDS, Alumina, Inclusions, Nozzle Clogging, Clogging Index

References

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APA Style

Anil Kumar, Shiv Kumar Choudhary, Saroj Kumar Singh. (2018). Influence of Ladle Addition Practice on the Castability of Typical Low Carbon Low Silicon Steel. International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy, 3(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmpem.20180301.11

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ACS Style

Anil Kumar; Shiv Kumar Choudhary; Saroj Kumar Singh. Influence of Ladle Addition Practice on the Castability of Typical Low Carbon Low Silicon Steel. Int. J. Miner. Process. Extr. Metall. 2018, 3(1), 1-14. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmpem.20180301.11

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AMA Style

Anil Kumar, Shiv Kumar Choudhary, Saroj Kumar Singh. Influence of Ladle Addition Practice on the Castability of Typical Low Carbon Low Silicon Steel. Int J Miner Process Extr Metall. 2018;3(1):1-14. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmpem.20180301.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ijmpem.20180301.11,
  author = {Anil Kumar and Shiv Kumar Choudhary and Saroj Kumar Singh},
  title = {Influence of Ladle Addition Practice on the Castability of Typical Low Carbon Low Silicon Steel},
  journal = {International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy},
  volume = {3},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-14},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijmpem.20180301.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmpem.20180301.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijmpem.20180301.11},
  abstract = {Continuous casting of low carbon low silicon steel processed though Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) followed by Online Purging station (OLP) and Ladle Furnace (LF) inherently suffers from the problem of clogging of submerged entry nozzles (SEN) during casting due to gradual alumina deposition at the inner surface of the refractory wall. This restricts the incoming flow of liquid steel from tundish to mould through SEN and thus limits the productivity of the caster. On the other hand, excess alumina deposition and their periodic dislodgement from the nozzle refractory surface gives rise to undue stopper rod movement and melt level fluctuations in the mould. All these abnormalities lead to decreased production of good quality slabs. In the present work, influence of ladle addition practice on the castability of typical low carbon low silicon steel has been investigated for a conventional thick slab caster. For identification of inclusions characteristics at different stages of processing, liquid steel samples were collected using the lollipop and a specially designed large sampler during casting. Also, the clog deposits in the used SEN and the natures of inclusions in the clog deposits as well as in the liquid steel were identified by SEM–EDS analysis. Subsequently, to measure the process the different plant trials were carried out for several casting sequences using different deoxidation practices. The upstream processing parameter and corresponding casting data with nozzle clogging index (NCI) for a complete casting sequence were examined for evaluating their casting performances. Addition practice of deoxidant and lime during the ladle treatment has been found to have an important effect of the liquid steel casting. It has been clearly demonstrated the faulty addition practice can lead to severe nozzle clogging during casting. Though a series of plant trials the best addition practice has been determined and implemented in the regular production in the plant for ensuring the smooth production of the given grade of steel. For the quantification of steel cleanliness, total oxygen content (T [O]) of liquid steel, was measured from the samples collected after each ladle treatment stage. T [O] of liquid steel was found in the range of 60−120 ppm at OLP and 30−55 ppm at tundish of low carbon low silicon grade of steel.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Influence of Ladle Addition Practice on the Castability of Typical Low Carbon Low Silicon Steel
AU  - Anil Kumar
AU  - Shiv Kumar Choudhary
AU  - Saroj Kumar Singh
Y1  - 2018/06/12
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmpem.20180301.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijmpem.20180301.11
T2  - International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy
JF  - International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy
JO  - International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy
SP  - 1
EP  - 14
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1859
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmpem.20180301.11
AB  - Continuous casting of low carbon low silicon steel processed though Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) followed by Online Purging station (OLP) and Ladle Furnace (LF) inherently suffers from the problem of clogging of submerged entry nozzles (SEN) during casting due to gradual alumina deposition at the inner surface of the refractory wall. This restricts the incoming flow of liquid steel from tundish to mould through SEN and thus limits the productivity of the caster. On the other hand, excess alumina deposition and their periodic dislodgement from the nozzle refractory surface gives rise to undue stopper rod movement and melt level fluctuations in the mould. All these abnormalities lead to decreased production of good quality slabs. In the present work, influence of ladle addition practice on the castability of typical low carbon low silicon steel has been investigated for a conventional thick slab caster. For identification of inclusions characteristics at different stages of processing, liquid steel samples were collected using the lollipop and a specially designed large sampler during casting. Also, the clog deposits in the used SEN and the natures of inclusions in the clog deposits as well as in the liquid steel were identified by SEM–EDS analysis. Subsequently, to measure the process the different plant trials were carried out for several casting sequences using different deoxidation practices. The upstream processing parameter and corresponding casting data with nozzle clogging index (NCI) for a complete casting sequence were examined for evaluating their casting performances. Addition practice of deoxidant and lime during the ladle treatment has been found to have an important effect of the liquid steel casting. It has been clearly demonstrated the faulty addition practice can lead to severe nozzle clogging during casting. Though a series of plant trials the best addition practice has been determined and implemented in the regular production in the plant for ensuring the smooth production of the given grade of steel. For the quantification of steel cleanliness, total oxygen content (T [O]) of liquid steel, was measured from the samples collected after each ladle treatment stage. T [O] of liquid steel was found in the range of 60−120 ppm at OLP and 30−55 ppm at tundish of low carbon low silicon grade of steel.
VL  - 3
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Anil Kumar

Research and Development, Tata Steel Limited, Jamshedpur, India
Shiv Kumar Choudhary

Research and Development, Tata Steel Limited, Jamshedpur, India
Saroj Kumar Singh

Steelmaking and Casting Division, Tata Steel Limited, Jamshedpur, India

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APA Style

Anil Kumar, Shiv Kumar Choudhary, Saroj Kumar Singh. (2018). Influence of Ladle Addition Practice on the Castability of Typical Low Carbon Low Silicon Steel. International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy, 3(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmpem.20180301.11

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ACS Style

Anil Kumar; Shiv Kumar Choudhary; Saroj Kumar Singh. Influence of Ladle Addition Practice on the Castability of Typical Low Carbon Low Silicon Steel. Int. J. Miner. Process. Extr. Metall. 2018, 3(1), 1-14. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmpem.20180301.11

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AMA Style

Anil Kumar, Shiv Kumar Choudhary, Saroj Kumar Singh. Influence of Ladle Addition Practice on the Castability of Typical Low Carbon Low Silicon Steel. Int J Miner Process Extr Metall. 2018;3(1):1-14. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmpem.20180301.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ijmpem.20180301.11,
  author = {Anil Kumar and Shiv Kumar Choudhary and Saroj Kumar Singh},
  title = {Influence of Ladle Addition Practice on the Castability of Typical Low Carbon Low Silicon Steel},
  journal = {International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy},
  volume = {3},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-14},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijmpem.20180301.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmpem.20180301.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijmpem.20180301.11},
  abstract = {Continuous casting of low carbon low silicon steel processed though Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) followed by Online Purging station (OLP) and Ladle Furnace (LF) inherently suffers from the problem of clogging of submerged entry nozzles (SEN) during casting due to gradual alumina deposition at the inner surface of the refractory wall. This restricts the incoming flow of liquid steel from tundish to mould through SEN and thus limits the productivity of the caster. On the other hand, excess alumina deposition and their periodic dislodgement from the nozzle refractory surface gives rise to undue stopper rod movement and melt level fluctuations in the mould. All these abnormalities lead to decreased production of good quality slabs. In the present work, influence of ladle addition practice on the castability of typical low carbon low silicon steel has been investigated for a conventional thick slab caster. For identification of inclusions characteristics at different stages of processing, liquid steel samples were collected using the lollipop and a specially designed large sampler during casting. Also, the clog deposits in the used SEN and the natures of inclusions in the clog deposits as well as in the liquid steel were identified by SEM–EDS analysis. Subsequently, to measure the process the different plant trials were carried out for several casting sequences using different deoxidation practices. The upstream processing parameter and corresponding casting data with nozzle clogging index (NCI) for a complete casting sequence were examined for evaluating their casting performances. Addition practice of deoxidant and lime during the ladle treatment has been found to have an important effect of the liquid steel casting. It has been clearly demonstrated the faulty addition practice can lead to severe nozzle clogging during casting. Though a series of plant trials the best addition practice has been determined and implemented in the regular production in the plant for ensuring the smooth production of the given grade of steel. For the quantification of steel cleanliness, total oxygen content (T [O]) of liquid steel, was measured from the samples collected after each ladle treatment stage. T [O] of liquid steel was found in the range of 60−120 ppm at OLP and 30−55 ppm at tundish of low carbon low silicon grade of steel.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Influence of Ladle Addition Practice on the Castability of Typical Low Carbon Low Silicon Steel
AU  - Anil Kumar
AU  - Shiv Kumar Choudhary
AU  - Saroj Kumar Singh
Y1  - 2018/06/12
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmpem.20180301.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijmpem.20180301.11
T2  - International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy
JF  - International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy
JO  - International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy
SP  - 1
EP  - 14
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1859
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmpem.20180301.11
AB  - Continuous casting of low carbon low silicon steel processed though Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) followed by Online Purging station (OLP) and Ladle Furnace (LF) inherently suffers from the problem of clogging of submerged entry nozzles (SEN) during casting due to gradual alumina deposition at the inner surface of the refractory wall. This restricts the incoming flow of liquid steel from tundish to mould through SEN and thus limits the productivity of the caster. On the other hand, excess alumina deposition and their periodic dislodgement from the nozzle refractory surface gives rise to undue stopper rod movement and melt level fluctuations in the mould. All these abnormalities lead to decreased production of good quality slabs. In the present work, influence of ladle addition practice on the castability of typical low carbon low silicon steel has been investigated for a conventional thick slab caster. For identification of inclusions characteristics at different stages of processing, liquid steel samples were collected using the lollipop and a specially designed large sampler during casting. Also, the clog deposits in the used SEN and the natures of inclusions in the clog deposits as well as in the liquid steel were identified by SEM–EDS analysis. Subsequently, to measure the process the different plant trials were carried out for several casting sequences using different deoxidation practices. The upstream processing parameter and corresponding casting data with nozzle clogging index (NCI) for a complete casting sequence were examined for evaluating their casting performances. Addition practice of deoxidant and lime during the ladle treatment has been found to have an important effect of the liquid steel casting. It has been clearly demonstrated the faulty addition practice can lead to severe nozzle clogging during casting. Though a series of plant trials the best addition practice has been determined and implemented in the regular production in the plant for ensuring the smooth production of the given grade of steel. For the quantification of steel cleanliness, total oxygen content (T [O]) of liquid steel, was measured from the samples collected after each ladle treatment stage. T [O] of liquid steel was found in the range of 60−120 ppm at OLP and 30−55 ppm at tundish of low carbon low silicon grade of steel.
VL  - 3
IS  - 1
ER  -

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