A Comparison of Nutritional Status of Women Suffering from Mental Illness in Urban and Rural Areas of Bangladesh

Khan Redzwan Habib

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijnfs.20170602.12

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A Comparison of Nutritional Status of Women Suffering from Mental Illness in Urban and Rural Areas of Bangladesh

Khan Redzwan Habib

Published in International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences (Volume 6, Issue 2)

Received: 8 January 2017 Accepted: 17 January 2017 Published: 20 February 2017

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Abstract

About 16.05% of the adult population in Bangladesh suffers from mental illness. 74% of these mentally impaired patients live in rural areas and are socially disadvantaged. Studies have identified mental disorder to be a risk factor for involuntary weight loss and malnutrition. This study aims to explore the differences in nutritional status among women suffering from mental illness from urban and rural areas based on their socio-economic status. This cross sectional study has been conducted for over a period of four months that covered six divisions of the country. A total of 73 participants aged from 15-60 were purposively selected to represent urban & well off population and the rest 73 were selected to represent rural & socially disadvantaged population. Height, weight and BMI were significantly lower in all participants from rural settings. About 18% of all participants from rural areas have a BMI 18kg/m² or less. Mean body fat percentage (BF%) is significantly higher in all subgroups from urban areas (P<0.001) comparing to those from rural settings. No significance was observed in EI:BMR ratios. Mean EI:BMR ratio was over 1.4 in all subgroups from both urban and rural settings except for 46-60 years participants from urban areas. The highest EI:BMR ratio has been observed in the subgroup of 31-45 years aged women from urban areas. The study has identified that mentally impaired women even from well off families or from urban settings have an inferior nutritional status comparing to those of healthy women from same settings. The nutritional status of mentally impaired women from rural areas or from lower socio-demographic settings is even worse. Low BMI and low energy intake indicates vulnerability of mentally impaired women to malnutrition in Bangladesh.

Published in	International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences (Volume 6, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijnfs.20170602.12
Page(s)	65-70
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Mental Disorder, Malnutrition, Socio-Economic Group, Anthropometric Analysis, Health Inequality

References

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[2]	World Health Organisation, EPI Fact Sheet: Bangladesh 2014. 2014, World Health Organisation.
[3]	Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO), Nutrition Country Profiles, Bangladesh. 2010.
[4]	Rashid, M. and S. J. Ulijaszek, Daily energy expenditure across the course of lactation among urban Bangladeshi women. American journal of physical anthropology, 1999. 110 (4): p. 457-465.
[5]	Vinoy, S., L. Rosetta, and C. Mascie-Taylor, Repeated measurements of energy intake, energy expenditure and energy balance in lactating Bangladeshi mothers. European journal of clinical nutrition, 2000. 54 (7): p. 579-585.
[6]	Prince, M., et al., No health without mental health. The lancet, 2007. 370 (9590): p. 859-877.
[7]	Koo, J.-R., et al., Association of depression with malnutrition in chronic hemodialysis patients. American journal of kidney diseases, 2003. 41 (5): p. 1037-1042.
[8]	Walters, B. A., et al., Health-related quality of life, depressive symptoms, anemia, and malnutrition at hemodialysis initiation. American Journal of Kidney Diseases, 2002. 40 (6): p. 1185-1194.
[9]	Johansson, Y., et al., Malnutrition in a home‐living older population: prevalence, incidence and risk factors. A prospective study. Journal of clinical nursing, 2009. 18 (9): p. 1354-1364.
[10]	Smoliner, C., et al., Malnutrition and depression in the institutionalised elderly. British Journal of Nutrition, 2009. 102 (11): p. 1663-1667.
[11]	Hossain, M. D., et al., Mental disorders in Bangladesh: a systematic review. BMC psychiatry, 2014. 14 (1): p. 1.
[12]	World Health Organisation, Mental Health System in Bangladesh. 2007, World Health Organisation: Bangladesh.
[13]	Chowdhury, A., M. Salim, and N. Sakeb, Some aspects of psychiatric morbidity in the out-patient population of a general hospital. Bangladesh Medical Research Council Bulletin, 1975. 1 (1): p. 51-59.
[14]	Hosain, G. M., et al., Prevalence, pattern and determinants of mental disorders in rural Bangladesh. Public Health, 2007. 121 (1): p. 18-24.
[15]	Islam, M. Z., M. Akhtaruzzaman, and C. Lamberg-Allardt, Nutritional status of women in Bangladesh: comparison of energy intake and nutritional status of a low income rural group with a high income urban group. Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition, 2004. 13 (1): p. 61-68.
[16]	Hossain, B., et al., Nutritional Status of Pregnant women in selected rural and urban area of Bangladesh. Journal of Nutrition & Food Sciences, 2013. 2013.
[17]	World Health Organisation, Physical status: the use and interpretation of anthropometry. 1995.
[18]	Mifflin, M. D., et al., A new predictive equation for resting energy expenditure in healthy individuals. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 1990. 51 (2): p. 241-247.
[19]	Deurenberg, P., J. A. Weststrate, and J. C. Seidell, Body mass index as a measure of body fatness: age-and sex-specific prediction formulas. British journal of nutrition, 1991. 65 (02): p. 105-114.
[20]	Jahan, K., Nutrition Survey of Bangladesh 1995-96. Dhaka: Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, Dhaka University, 1996.
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Khan Redzwan Habib. (2017). A Comparison of Nutritional Status of Women Suffering from Mental Illness in Urban and Rural Areas of Bangladesh. International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences, 6(2), 65-70. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20170602.12

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Khan Redzwan Habib. A Comparison of Nutritional Status of Women Suffering from Mental Illness in Urban and Rural Areas of Bangladesh. Int. J. Nutr. Food Sci. 2017, 6(2), 65-70. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20170602.12

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Khan Redzwan Habib. A Comparison of Nutritional Status of Women Suffering from Mental Illness in Urban and Rural Areas of Bangladesh. Int J Nutr Food Sci. 2017;6(2):65-70. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20170602.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijnfs.20170602.12,
  author = {Khan Redzwan Habib},
  title = {A Comparison of Nutritional Status of Women Suffering from Mental Illness in Urban and Rural Areas of Bangladesh},
  journal = {International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences},
  volume = {6},
  number = {2},
  pages = {65-70},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijnfs.20170602.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20170602.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijnfs.20170602.12},
  abstract = {About 16.05% of the adult population in Bangladesh suffers from mental illness. 74% of these mentally impaired patients live in rural areas and are socially disadvantaged. Studies have identified mental disorder to be a risk factor for involuntary weight loss and malnutrition. This study aims to explore the differences in nutritional status among women suffering from mental illness from urban and rural areas based on their socio-economic status. This cross sectional study has been conducted for over a period of four months that covered six divisions of the country. A total of 73 participants aged from 15-60 were purposively selected to represent urban & well off population and the rest 73 were selected to represent rural & socially disadvantaged population. Height, weight and BMI were significantly lower in all participants from rural settings. About 18% of all participants from rural areas have a BMI 18kg/m2 or less. Mean body fat percentage (BF%) is significantly higher in all subgroups from urban areas (P<0.001) comparing to those from rural settings. No significance was observed in EI:BMR ratios. Mean EI:BMR ratio was over 1.4 in all subgroups from both urban and rural settings except for 46-60 years participants from urban areas. The highest EI:BMR ratio has been observed in the subgroup of 31-45 years aged women from urban areas. The study has identified that mentally impaired women even from well off families or from urban settings have an inferior nutritional status comparing to those of healthy women from same settings. The nutritional status of mentally impaired women from rural areas or from lower socio-demographic settings is even worse. Low BMI and low energy intake indicates vulnerability of mentally impaired women to malnutrition in Bangladesh.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - A Comparison of Nutritional Status of Women Suffering from Mental Illness in Urban and Rural Areas of Bangladesh
AU - Khan Redzwan Habib
Y1 - 2017/02/20
PY - 2017
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20170602.12
DO - 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20170602.12
T2 - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
JF - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
JO - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
SP - 65
EP - 70
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2327-2716
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20170602.12
AB - About 16.05% of the adult population in Bangladesh suffers from mental illness. 74% of these mentally impaired patients live in rural areas and are socially disadvantaged. Studies have identified mental disorder to be a risk factor for involuntary weight loss and malnutrition. This study aims to explore the differences in nutritional status among women suffering from mental illness from urban and rural areas based on their socio-economic status. This cross sectional study has been conducted for over a period of four months that covered six divisions of the country. A total of 73 participants aged from 15-60 were purposively selected to represent urban & well off population and the rest 73 were selected to represent rural & socially disadvantaged population. Height, weight and BMI were significantly lower in all participants from rural settings. About 18% of all participants from rural areas have a BMI 18kg/m2 or less. Mean body fat percentage (BF%) is significantly higher in all subgroups from urban areas (P<0.001) comparing to those from rural settings. No significance was observed in EI:BMR ratios. Mean EI:BMR ratio was over 1.4 in all subgroups from both urban and rural settings except for 46-60 years participants from urban areas. The highest EI:BMR ratio has been observed in the subgroup of 31-45 years aged women from urban areas. The study has identified that mentally impaired women even from well off families or from urban settings have an inferior nutritional status comparing to those of healthy women from same settings. The nutritional status of mentally impaired women from rural areas or from lower socio-demographic settings is even worse. Low BMI and low energy intake indicates vulnerability of mentally impaired women to malnutrition in Bangladesh.
VL - 6
IS - 2
ER -

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Khan Redzwan Habib

World Health Organisation, Dhaka, Bangladesh

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APA Style

Khan Redzwan Habib. (2017). A Comparison of Nutritional Status of Women Suffering from Mental Illness in Urban and Rural Areas of Bangladesh. International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences, 6(2), 65-70. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20170602.12

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ACS Style

Khan Redzwan Habib. A Comparison of Nutritional Status of Women Suffering from Mental Illness in Urban and Rural Areas of Bangladesh. Int. J. Nutr. Food Sci. 2017, 6(2), 65-70. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20170602.12

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AMA Style

Khan Redzwan Habib. A Comparison of Nutritional Status of Women Suffering from Mental Illness in Urban and Rural Areas of Bangladesh. Int J Nutr Food Sci. 2017;6(2):65-70. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20170602.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijnfs.20170602.12,
  author = {Khan Redzwan Habib},
  title = {A Comparison of Nutritional Status of Women Suffering from Mental Illness in Urban and Rural Areas of Bangladesh},
  journal = {International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences},
  volume = {6},
  number = {2},
  pages = {65-70},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijnfs.20170602.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20170602.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijnfs.20170602.12},
  abstract = {About 16.05% of the adult population in Bangladesh suffers from mental illness. 74% of these mentally impaired patients live in rural areas and are socially disadvantaged. Studies have identified mental disorder to be a risk factor for involuntary weight loss and malnutrition. This study aims to explore the differences in nutritional status among women suffering from mental illness from urban and rural areas based on their socio-economic status. This cross sectional study has been conducted for over a period of four months that covered six divisions of the country. A total of 73 participants aged from 15-60 were purposively selected to represent urban & well off population and the rest 73 were selected to represent rural & socially disadvantaged population. Height, weight and BMI were significantly lower in all participants from rural settings. About 18% of all participants from rural areas have a BMI 18kg/m2 or less. Mean body fat percentage (BF%) is significantly higher in all subgroups from urban areas (P<0.001) comparing to those from rural settings. No significance was observed in EI:BMR ratios. Mean EI:BMR ratio was over 1.4 in all subgroups from both urban and rural settings except for 46-60 years participants from urban areas. The highest EI:BMR ratio has been observed in the subgroup of 31-45 years aged women from urban areas. The study has identified that mentally impaired women even from well off families or from urban settings have an inferior nutritional status comparing to those of healthy women from same settings. The nutritional status of mentally impaired women from rural areas or from lower socio-demographic settings is even worse. Low BMI and low energy intake indicates vulnerability of mentally impaired women to malnutrition in Bangladesh.},
 year = {2017}
}

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