Effect of Moringa Leaves Powder Consumption on Young Children Nutritional and Serum Retinol Status in Burkina Faso Rural Area

Urbain Zongo; Boubacar Savadogo; Steve Leonce Zoungrana; Dia Sanou; Aly Savadogo; Mamoudou Hama Dicko; Alfred SababenedyoTraore

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijnfs.20180704.16

Effect of Moringa Leaves Powder Consumption on Young Children Nutritional and Serum Retinol Status in Burkina Faso Rural Area

Urbain Zongo, Boubacar Savadogo, Steve Leonce Zoungrana, Dia Sanou, Aly Savadogo, Mamoudou Hama Dicko, Alfred SababenedyoTraore

Published in International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences (Volume 7, Issue 4)

Received: 19 July 2018 Accepted: 1 August 2018 Published: 29 August 2018

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

The promotion of the consumption of indigenous plant species with high nutritional value is an important nutrition intervention in Africa rural areas. The current student was a randomized control trial of two groups (ᶲG₥ and ᶲGm) with a baseline and an endline evaluation after 12 weeks. A total of 119 pre-school children received Moringa leaf powder and changes in vitamin A and anthropometric indicators of children were assessed against changes for control group children. After 12 weeks, the mean WHZ reflecting acute malnutrition declined in both groups. The mean WHZ decreased from -2.31 z-score to -1.86 z-score in group 1 (ᶲG₥) and -2.20 z-score to -1.88 z-score in group 2 (ᶲGm) receiving Moringa as a dietary supplement with a statistically significant decrease in groups (p <0.001). The mean serum retinol concentration in children was below the cut-off defining VA deficiency (<0.7 μmol.L^-1). The baseline prevalence of VA deficiency was 56.8% in group 1 and 53.8% in group 2. Mean retinol concentrations increased significantly from 0.64 μmol.L^-1 to 0.73 μmol.L^-1 (p <0.001) in Group 1 (ᶲG₥ (Control) and from 0.64 μmol.L^-1 to 0.74 ± 0.05 μmol.L^-1 (p <0.001) in group 2 (ᶲGm). Significant increase was observed regardless of gender in both groups. The change between groups was not statistically significant (p=0.838). Our findings showed that the intervention was not effective enough in the change in serum retinol status in children (p = 0.379). The change in serum retinol was significantly influenced by serum retinol concentration at baseline. Therefore, the promotion of Moringa leaf consumption should be complemented by additional approaches to increase VA intake, as well as through public health measures such as deworming programs, to enhance its effectiveness in the fight against VA deficiencies and many other micronutrients.

Published in	International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences (Volume 7, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijnfs.20180704.16
Page(s)	148-154
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2018. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Nutritional Status, Serum Retinol, Moringa Oleifera, Dietary Diversification

References

[1]	FAO/WHO, 1992. Nutrition and development-an overall assessment. International Conference on Nutrition, Rome. In 1992.
[2]	Delisle H, Zagré N M, Bakari S, Codja P Z R. 2003. A food-system approach to vitamin A deficiency. Food Agric Nutr. (32):40–50.
[3]	Wasantwisut E, Chittchang U. et Sinawat S. 2000. Moving a health system from a medical towards a dietary approach in Thailand. Food Nut Bull. (21):157–60.
[4]	Ndong M, Wade S, Dossou N G A and R G. 2007. Nutritional value of Moringa oleifera, study of the bioavailability of iron, effect of the enrichment of various Senegalese traditional dishes with the powder of the leaves. Afric J Food Agr Nutr Dev. 7 (3):17.
[5]	Moyo B, Masika P J H A and M V. 2011. Nutritional characterization of Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) leaves. African J Biotechnol. 10 (60):12925–33.
[6]	Zongo U, Zoungrana S L, Savadogo A, Traoré A S. 2013. Nutritional and Clinical Rehabilitation of Severely Malnourished Children with Moringa oleifera Lam. Leaf Powder in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso ). Food and Nutrition Sciences:991–7.
[7]	Zongo U, Zoungrana S L, Savadogo A, Traoré A S. 2017. Assessment of Dietary Diversity and Vitamin A-Rich Foods Consumption of Pre-School Children in Rural Community in Burkina Faso, an Impact Study Approach. Austin J Nutri Food Sci. 5 (1):1–5.
[8]	Tété-Bénissan A, Lawson-Evi K, Kokou K, and Gbéassor M. 2012. Effect of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves powder on the evolution of hemogram profile in togolese undernourished children: evaluation on HIV-positive patients. Afric J Food Agr Nutri Dev. 12 (2):6007–26.
[9]	Yang R Y, Lien-Chung C, Jenn-Chung H, Brian Weng B C, Manuel Palada M L C and VL. 2006. Propriétés Nutritionnelles et Fonctionnelles des Feuilles de Moringa; Du Germoplasme, à la Plante, à l’aliment et à la santé. World Veg Center.
[10]	WHO. 2007. Protein and amino acid requirements in human nutrition. Report of a joint FAO/WHO/UNU Expert Consultation (WHO Technical Report Series n° 935). Geneva: World Health Organization.
[11]	P G. 2009. Nutritional needs. In Child and Nutrition: A Guide for Professionals Edition, Office of Birth and Childhood (ONE), Benoît Parmentier Chaussée de Charleroi, 95 - 1060 Bruxelles D/2009/74.80/11. 13-32.
[12]	Nambiar VS, Parnami S. 2008. Standardization and Organoleptic Evaluation of Drumstick ( Moringa oleifera ) Leaves Incorporated Into Traditional Indian Recipes. Trees Life J. 3:2–6.
[13]	Fenfang L, Lynne R W, Rachel N, Marie K F, Yvette C P, Randall N, Andrea B, Ursula M, Jonathan D, and Carol J B. 2016. Anthropometric Measurement Standardization in the US Affiliated Pacific: Report from the Children’s Healthy Living Program. Am J Hum Biol. 28 (3): 364–371.
[14]	Cogill B, 2003. Antropometric and indicators measurement guide. FANTA, AED, Washington, D. C.
[15]	Kalter H D. 1991. Validation of the diagnosis of childhood mortality using maternal health interviews. Int J Epidemiol. (20):193–8.
[16]	FANTA. 2006. Working Group on Infant and Young child feeding Indicators. Developing and validating simple indicators of dietary quality and energy intake of infants and young children in developing countries: summary of fidings from analysis of 10 data sets. Washinton.
[17]	WHO. 2009. Indicators for assessing infant and young child feeding practices. Part II: measurement. WHO Press.
[18]	Arimond M, Wiesmann D, Becquey E, Carriquiry A, Daniels M, Deitchler M, fanou-fogny N, Joseph M, Kennedy G, Martin-Prevel Y et Torheim L E. 2010. Simple food group diversity indicators predict micronutrient adequacy of women’s diets in 5 diverse, resource-poor settings. J Nutr. (140):2059S–69S.
[19]	Kuhnlein H, Pelto G H. 1997. Culture, Environment, and Food to Prevent Vitamin A Deficiency. 7757 p.
[20]	FANTA. 2004. Increased number of different foods or food groups consumed. Measuring household food consumption: A technical guide.
[21]	WHO. 2009. Child growth standards and the identifiation of severe acute malnutrition in infants and children.
[22]	Sapin V, Alexandre M C, Chaïb S, Bournazeau J A, Sauvant P, Borel P, Jacquetin B, Grolier P, Lemery D, Dastugue B, Azais-Braesco V. 2000. Effect of vitamin A status at the end of term pregnancy on the saturation of retinol binding protein with retinol. Am J Clin Nutr. 71 (2):537–43.
[23]	Nana C, Brouwer I, Zagré N, Kok F, Traoré A S. 2005. Impact of promotion of mango and liver as sources of vitamin A for young children: a pilot study in Burkina Faso. Public Health Nutr. 9 (06):808–13.
[24]	Wasantwisut E. 2002. Recommendations for monitoring and evaluating vitamin A programs: outcome indicators. J Nutr. (132):2940S–2942S.
[25]	Richard D S, ‎Martin W B. 2008. Nutrition and health in developing countries. Second Edition. ISBN: 978- 1-934115-24-4.
[26]	Victor M A, and Shawn K B. 2005. Vitamin A deficiency and child survival in sub-Saharan Africa: A reappraisal of challenges and opportunities. Food and Nutr Bull, 26 (4):348-355.
[27]	Enju L, Laura P, Masha S, Sarah K, Christopher P D, Dariush M, and Wafaie W F. 2018. Effect of Zinc Supplementation on Growth Outcomes in Children under 5 Years of Age. Nutrients, 10, 377.
[28]	Christian P, West K J. 1998. Interactions between zinc and vitamin A: an update. Am J Clin Nutr. (68):435S–441S.
[29]	Pilch S M. 1987. Analysis of vitamin A data from the health and nutrition examination surveys. J Nutr. (117):636–40.
[30]	Kjolhede C L, Stallings R Y, Dibley M J, Sadjimin T, Dawiesah S P S. 1995. Serum retinol level among preschool children in Central Java: demographic and socioeconomic determinants. Int J Epidemiol. (24):399–403.
[31]	WHO. 2006. Child Growth Standards based on length/ height, weight and age. Acta Paediatr. 95 (450):76–85.
[32]	Allen L H. 2002. Iron supplements: scientific issues concerning efficacy and implications for research and programs. J Nutr. (132):813S–9S.
[33]	O’Brien K O, Zavaleta N, Caulfield L E, Wen J, Abrams S A. 2000. Prenatal iron supplements impair zinc absorption in pregnant Peruvian women. J Nutr. (130):2251–5.
[34]	Wieringa F T, Dijkhuizen M A, West C E, Thurnham D I, Muhilal van der M J. 2003. Redistribution of vitamin A after iron supplementation in Indonesian infants. Nutr Am J Clin. (77):651–7.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Urbain Zongo, Boubacar Savadogo, Steve Leonce Zoungrana, Dia Sanou, Aly Savadogo, et al. (2018). Effect of Moringa Leaves Powder Consumption on Young Children Nutritional and Serum Retinol Status in Burkina Faso Rural Area. International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences, 7(4), 148-154. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20180704.16

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Urbain Zongo; Boubacar Savadogo; Steve Leonce Zoungrana; Dia Sanou; Aly Savadogo, et al. Effect of Moringa Leaves Powder Consumption on Young Children Nutritional and Serum Retinol Status in Burkina Faso Rural Area. Int. J. Nutr. Food Sci. 2018, 7(4), 148-154. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20180704.16

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Urbain Zongo, Boubacar Savadogo, Steve Leonce Zoungrana, Dia Sanou, Aly Savadogo, et al. Effect of Moringa Leaves Powder Consumption on Young Children Nutritional and Serum Retinol Status in Burkina Faso Rural Area. Int J Nutr Food Sci. 2018;7(4):148-154. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20180704.16

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijnfs.20180704.16,
  author = {Urbain Zongo and Boubacar Savadogo and Steve Leonce Zoungrana and Dia Sanou and Aly Savadogo and Mamoudou Hama Dicko and Alfred SababenedyoTraore},
  title = {Effect of Moringa Leaves Powder Consumption on Young Children Nutritional and Serum Retinol Status in Burkina Faso Rural Area},
  journal = {International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences},
  volume = {7},
  number = {4},
  pages = {148-154},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijnfs.20180704.16},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20180704.16},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijnfs.20180704.16},
  abstract = {The promotion of the consumption of indigenous plant species with high nutritional value is an important nutrition intervention in Africa rural areas. The current student was a randomized control trial of two groups (ᶲG₥ and ᶲGm) with a baseline and an endline evaluation after 12 weeks. A total of 119 pre-school children received Moringa leaf powder and changes in vitamin A and anthropometric indicators of children were assessed against changes for control group children. After 12 weeks, the mean WHZ reflecting acute malnutrition declined in both groups. The mean WHZ decreased from -2.31 z-score to -1.86 z-score in group 1 (ᶲG₥) and -2.20 z-score to -1.88 z-score in group 2 (ᶲGm) receiving Moringa as a dietary supplement with a statistically significant decrease in groups (p -1). The baseline prevalence of VA deficiency was 56.8% in group 1 and 53.8% in group 2. Mean retinol concentrations increased significantly from 0.64 μmol.L-1 to 0.73 μmol.L-1 (p -1 to 0.74 ± 0.05 μmol.L-1 (p <0.001) in group 2 (ᶲGm). Significant increase was observed regardless of gender in both groups. The change between groups was not statistically significant (p=0.838). Our findings showed that the intervention was not effective enough in the change in serum retinol status in children (p = 0.379). The change in serum retinol was significantly influenced by serum retinol concentration at baseline. Therefore, the promotion of Moringa leaf consumption should be complemented by additional approaches to increase VA intake, as well as through public health measures such as deworming programs, to enhance its effectiveness in the fight against VA deficiencies and many other micronutrients.},
 year = {2018}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effect of Moringa Leaves Powder Consumption on Young Children Nutritional and Serum Retinol Status in Burkina Faso Rural Area
AU  - Urbain Zongo
AU  - Boubacar Savadogo
AU  - Steve Leonce Zoungrana
AU  - Dia Sanou
AU  - Aly Savadogo
AU  - Mamoudou Hama Dicko
AU  - Alfred SababenedyoTraore
Y1  - 2018/08/29
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20180704.16
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20180704.16
T2  - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
JF  - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
JO  - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
SP  - 148
EP  - 154
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2327-2716
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20180704.16
AB  - The promotion of the consumption of indigenous plant species with high nutritional value is an important nutrition intervention in Africa rural areas. The current student was a randomized control trial of two groups (ᶲG₥ and ᶲGm) with a baseline and an endline evaluation after 12 weeks. A total of 119 pre-school children received Moringa leaf powder and changes in vitamin A and anthropometric indicators of children were assessed against changes for control group children. After 12 weeks, the mean WHZ reflecting acute malnutrition declined in both groups. The mean WHZ decreased from -2.31 z-score to -1.86 z-score in group 1 (ᶲG₥) and -2.20 z-score to -1.88 z-score in group 2 (ᶲGm) receiving Moringa as a dietary supplement with a statistically significant decrease in groups (p -1). The baseline prevalence of VA deficiency was 56.8% in group 1 and 53.8% in group 2. Mean retinol concentrations increased significantly from 0.64 μmol.L-1 to 0.73 μmol.L-1 (p -1 to 0.74 ± 0.05 μmol.L-1 (p <0.001) in group 2 (ᶲGm). Significant increase was observed regardless of gender in both groups. The change between groups was not statistically significant (p=0.838). Our findings showed that the intervention was not effective enough in the change in serum retinol status in children (p = 0.379). The change in serum retinol was significantly influenced by serum retinol concentration at baseline. Therefore, the promotion of Moringa leaf consumption should be complemented by additional approaches to increase VA intake, as well as through public health measures such as deworming programs, to enhance its effectiveness in the fight against VA deficiencies and many other micronutrients.
VL  - 7
IS  - 4
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Urbain Zongo

Center for Research in Biological, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University Ouaga 1 Pr Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
Boubacar Savadogo

Institute for Health Sciences Research, National Center for Sciences and Technology Research, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
Steve Leonce Zoungrana

Departement of Gastroenterology, Regional University Hospital Center, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
Dia Sanou

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Aly Savadogo

Center for Research in Biological, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University Ouaga 1 Pr Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
Mamoudou Hama Dicko

Center for Research in Biological, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University Ouaga 1 Pr Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
Alfred SababenedyoTraore

Center for Research in Biological, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University Ouaga 1 Pr Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Urbain Zongo, Boubacar Savadogo, Steve Leonce Zoungrana, Dia Sanou, Aly Savadogo, et al. (2018). Effect of Moringa Leaves Powder Consumption on Young Children Nutritional and Serum Retinol Status in Burkina Faso Rural Area. International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences, 7(4), 148-154. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20180704.16

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Urbain Zongo; Boubacar Savadogo; Steve Leonce Zoungrana; Dia Sanou; Aly Savadogo, et al. Effect of Moringa Leaves Powder Consumption on Young Children Nutritional and Serum Retinol Status in Burkina Faso Rural Area. Int. J. Nutr. Food Sci. 2018, 7(4), 148-154. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20180704.16

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Urbain Zongo, Boubacar Savadogo, Steve Leonce Zoungrana, Dia Sanou, Aly Savadogo, et al. Effect of Moringa Leaves Powder Consumption on Young Children Nutritional and Serum Retinol Status in Burkina Faso Rural Area. Int J Nutr Food Sci. 2018;7(4):148-154. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20180704.16

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijnfs.20180704.16,
  author = {Urbain Zongo and Boubacar Savadogo and Steve Leonce Zoungrana and Dia Sanou and Aly Savadogo and Mamoudou Hama Dicko and Alfred SababenedyoTraore},
  title = {Effect of Moringa Leaves Powder Consumption on Young Children Nutritional and Serum Retinol Status in Burkina Faso Rural Area},
  journal = {International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences},
  volume = {7},
  number = {4},
  pages = {148-154},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijnfs.20180704.16},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20180704.16},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijnfs.20180704.16},
  abstract = {The promotion of the consumption of indigenous plant species with high nutritional value is an important nutrition intervention in Africa rural areas. The current student was a randomized control trial of two groups (ᶲG₥ and ᶲGm) with a baseline and an endline evaluation after 12 weeks. A total of 119 pre-school children received Moringa leaf powder and changes in vitamin A and anthropometric indicators of children were assessed against changes for control group children. After 12 weeks, the mean WHZ reflecting acute malnutrition declined in both groups. The mean WHZ decreased from -2.31 z-score to -1.86 z-score in group 1 (ᶲG₥) and -2.20 z-score to -1.88 z-score in group 2 (ᶲGm) receiving Moringa as a dietary supplement with a statistically significant decrease in groups (p -1). The baseline prevalence of VA deficiency was 56.8% in group 1 and 53.8% in group 2. Mean retinol concentrations increased significantly from 0.64 μmol.L-1 to 0.73 μmol.L-1 (p -1 to 0.74 ± 0.05 μmol.L-1 (p <0.001) in group 2 (ᶲGm). Significant increase was observed regardless of gender in both groups. The change between groups was not statistically significant (p=0.838). Our findings showed that the intervention was not effective enough in the change in serum retinol status in children (p = 0.379). The change in serum retinol was significantly influenced by serum retinol concentration at baseline. Therefore, the promotion of Moringa leaf consumption should be complemented by additional approaches to increase VA intake, as well as through public health measures such as deworming programs, to enhance its effectiveness in the fight against VA deficiencies and many other micronutrients.},
 year = {2018}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effect of Moringa Leaves Powder Consumption on Young Children Nutritional and Serum Retinol Status in Burkina Faso Rural Area
AU  - Urbain Zongo
AU  - Boubacar Savadogo
AU  - Steve Leonce Zoungrana
AU  - Dia Sanou
AU  - Aly Savadogo
AU  - Mamoudou Hama Dicko
AU  - Alfred SababenedyoTraore
Y1  - 2018/08/29
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20180704.16
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20180704.16
T2  - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
JF  - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
JO  - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
SP  - 148
EP  - 154
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2327-2716
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20180704.16
AB  - The promotion of the consumption of indigenous plant species with high nutritional value is an important nutrition intervention in Africa rural areas. The current student was a randomized control trial of two groups (ᶲG₥ and ᶲGm) with a baseline and an endline evaluation after 12 weeks. A total of 119 pre-school children received Moringa leaf powder and changes in vitamin A and anthropometric indicators of children were assessed against changes for control group children. After 12 weeks, the mean WHZ reflecting acute malnutrition declined in both groups. The mean WHZ decreased from -2.31 z-score to -1.86 z-score in group 1 (ᶲG₥) and -2.20 z-score to -1.88 z-score in group 2 (ᶲGm) receiving Moringa as a dietary supplement with a statistically significant decrease in groups (p -1). The baseline prevalence of VA deficiency was 56.8% in group 1 and 53.8% in group 2. Mean retinol concentrations increased significantly from 0.64 μmol.L-1 to 0.73 μmol.L-1 (p -1 to 0.74 ± 0.05 μmol.L-1 (p <0.001) in group 2 (ᶲGm). Significant increase was observed regardless of gender in both groups. The change between groups was not statistically significant (p=0.838). Our findings showed that the intervention was not effective enough in the change in serum retinol status in children (p = 0.379). The change in serum retinol was significantly influenced by serum retinol concentration at baseline. Therefore, the promotion of Moringa leaf consumption should be complemented by additional approaches to increase VA intake, as well as through public health measures such as deworming programs, to enhance its effectiveness in the fight against VA deficiencies and many other micronutrients.
VL  - 7
IS  - 4
ER  -

Copy | Download