Effects of Fluoride of Antarctic Krill (<i>Euphausia superba</i>) Meal on Accumulation and Weight of Mice

Yue Yuan; Haifeng Yu; Youqiong Cai; Hai Chi

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijnfs.20190802.12

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Effects of Fluoride of Antarctic Krill (Euphausia superba) Meal on Accumulation and Weight of Mice

Yue Yuan, Haifeng Yu, Youqiong Cai, Hai Chi

Published in International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences (Volume 8, Issue 2)

Received: 8 April 2019 Published: 19 July 2019

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Abstract

Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) possesses rich nutritional value, large fishing capacity and potentials for processing and utilization. However, the development and utilization of Antarctic krill is impeded by its high fluorine contents. In this study, Antarctic krill meal and sodium fluoride solution (300 mg/L) were selected as the study objects to feeding mice, and the effects of fluoride on accumulation and weight gained in small intestine, blood, liver, and kidney femur of mice were investigated. The results showed that the contents of small intestine, blood, liver and kidney in the group of the mice fed with Antarctic krill and sodium fluoride remained less than 1 mg/kg, which was slightly higher than that of the blank control group (p＜0.05). The fluoride contents in the femur of mice fed with Antarctic krill meal and sodium fluoride solution were ten times higher than that of the blank control group, indicating that the fluorine in Antarctic krill meal was likely different from the chemical fluorine in sodium fluoride. No signification difference on accumulation of fluoride was found in the small intestine, blood, liver and kidney of mice, but fluorine from Antarctic krill meal and sodium fluoride was obviously deposited in the femur of mice. On the other hands, the weight gained rate of mice in the sodium fluoride group was 3.22%, and that of mice in Antarctic krill meal group was 7.81%, both of that were significantly lower than that in the blank group (12.87%). The results showed that the fluorine in Antarctic krill meal inhibited the growth of mice, but its specific absorption, metabolism and transformation process in the body still needed to be further studied.

Published in	International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences (Volume 8, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijnfs.20190802.12
Page(s)	36-39
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Antarctic Krill Meal, Fluoride, Absorption Metabolism, Weight Gained

References

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[2]	Tou J C, Jaczynski J, Chen Y C. Krill for human consumption: nutritional value and potential health benefits [J]. Nutrition Reviews, 2007, 65 (2): 63-77.
[3]	Nicol S, Endo Y. Krill fisheries of the world [R]. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper, 1997, 367: 9-16.
[4]	Nicol S, Foster J. Recent trends in the fishery for Antarctic krill [J]. Aquatic Living Resources, 2003, 16: 42-45.
[5]	Chi H, Li XY, Yang XS. Research progress on process and utlization of Antarctic krill [J]. Natural Product Reseach and Development, 2010, 22: 283-287.
[6]	Sayed Z. South ocean ecology. The biomass perspective. El-sayed, Cambrige University Press. 1997, UK.
[7]	Zhang H, Cheng X, Zhu B. Biogeochemistry research of fluoride in Antarctic krill [J]. Antarctic Research, 1993, 4: 55-61.
[8]	Xie CL, Kim HS, Shim KB. Organic acid extraction of proteins with low fluoride level from Antarctic krill [J]. Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 2012, 15: 203-207.
[9]	Sands M, Nicol S, McMinn A. Fluoride in Antarctic marine crustaceans [J]. Marine Biology, 1998, 132: 591-598.
[10]	Jung HR, Kim M., Seo YS, et al. Decreasing effect of fluoride content in Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) by chemical treatments [J]. International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 2013, 48: 1252-1259.
[11]	FDA. Whole fish protein concentrate. Code of Federal Regulations. 2012, 21CFR172.385.
[12]	Pan JM, Zhang HS, Liu XY. The fluiride enrichment mechanics of Antarctic krill I. The fluoride chemical formation [J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2002, 22 (2): 58-64.
[13]	Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China, National Standardization Administration Committee of China. Determination of Fluorine in Foods [S]. GB/T5009. 18－2003.
[14]	Jung HR, Kim MA, Seo YS, et al. Decreasing effect of fluoride content in Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) by chemical treatments [J]. International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 2013, 48: 1252-1259.
[15]	Shen XS, Li YL, Zhang HY, et al. Distribution and relationship of fluoride and mineral elements in Antarctic krill [J]. Modern Food Science and Technology, 2013, 9 (29): 2279-2282.
[16]	Soevik T, Braekkan O R. Fluoride in Antarctic Krill (Euphausia superba) and Atlantic Krill [J]. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 1979, 36 (11): 1414-1416.
[17]	Ringe JD, Meunier PJ. What is the future for fluoride in the treatment of osteoporosis? [J]. Osteoporosis International, 1995, 5: 71-74.
[18]	Yoshitomi B, Aoki M, Oshima S. Effect of total replacement of dietary fish meal by low fluoride krill (Euphausia superba) meal on growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in fresh water [J]. Aquaculture, 2007, 266 (1): 219-225.

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APA Style

Yue Yuan, Haifeng Yu, Youqiong Cai, Hai Chi. (2019). Effects of Fluoride of Antarctic Krill (Euphausia superba) Meal on Accumulation and Weight of Mice. International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences, 8(2), 36-39. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20190802.12

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ACS Style

Yue Yuan; Haifeng Yu; Youqiong Cai; Hai Chi. Effects of Fluoride of Antarctic Krill (Euphausia superba) Meal on Accumulation and Weight of Mice. Int. J. Nutr. Food Sci. 2019, 8(2), 36-39. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20190802.12

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AMA Style

Yue Yuan, Haifeng Yu, Youqiong Cai, Hai Chi. Effects of Fluoride of Antarctic Krill (Euphausia superba) Meal on Accumulation and Weight of Mice. Int J Nutr Food Sci. 2019;8(2):36-39. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20190802.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijnfs.20190802.12,
  author = {Yue Yuan and Haifeng Yu and Youqiong Cai and Hai Chi},
  title = {Effects of Fluoride of Antarctic Krill (Euphausia superba) Meal on Accumulation and Weight of Mice},
  journal = {International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences},
  volume = {8},
  number = {2},
  pages = {36-39},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijnfs.20190802.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20190802.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijnfs.20190802.12},
  abstract = {Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) possesses rich nutritional value, large fishing capacity and potentials for processing and utilization. However, the development and utilization of Antarctic krill is impeded by its high fluorine contents. In this study, Antarctic krill meal and sodium fluoride solution (300 mg/L) were selected as the study objects to feeding mice, and the effects of fluoride on accumulation and weight gained in small intestine, blood, liver, and kidney femur of mice were investigated. The results showed that the contents of small intestine, blood, liver and kidney in the group of the mice fed with Antarctic krill and sodium fluoride remained less than 1 mg/kg, which was slightly higher than that of the blank control group (p＜0.05). The fluoride contents in the femur of mice fed with Antarctic krill meal and sodium fluoride solution were ten times higher than that of the blank control group, indicating that the fluorine in Antarctic krill meal was likely different from the chemical fluorine in sodium fluoride. No signification difference on accumulation of fluoride was found in the small intestine, blood, liver and kidney of mice, but fluorine from Antarctic krill meal and sodium fluoride was obviously deposited in the femur of mice. On the other hands, the weight gained rate of mice in the sodium fluoride group was 3.22%, and that of mice in Antarctic krill meal group was 7.81%, both of that were significantly lower than that in the blank group (12.87%). The results showed that the fluorine in Antarctic krill meal inhibited the growth of mice, but its specific absorption, metabolism and transformation process in the body still needed to be further studied.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effects of Fluoride of Antarctic Krill (Euphausia superba) Meal on Accumulation and Weight of Mice
AU  - Yue Yuan
AU  - Haifeng Yu
AU  - Youqiong Cai
AU  - Hai Chi
Y1  - 2019/07/19
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20190802.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20190802.12
T2  - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
JF  - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
JO  - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
SP  - 36
EP  - 39
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2327-2716
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20190802.12
AB  - Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) possesses rich nutritional value, large fishing capacity and potentials for processing and utilization. However, the development and utilization of Antarctic krill is impeded by its high fluorine contents. In this study, Antarctic krill meal and sodium fluoride solution (300 mg/L) were selected as the study objects to feeding mice, and the effects of fluoride on accumulation and weight gained in small intestine, blood, liver, and kidney femur of mice were investigated. The results showed that the contents of small intestine, blood, liver and kidney in the group of the mice fed with Antarctic krill and sodium fluoride remained less than 1 mg/kg, which was slightly higher than that of the blank control group (p＜0.05). The fluoride contents in the femur of mice fed with Antarctic krill meal and sodium fluoride solution were ten times higher than that of the blank control group, indicating that the fluorine in Antarctic krill meal was likely different from the chemical fluorine in sodium fluoride. No signification difference on accumulation of fluoride was found in the small intestine, blood, liver and kidney of mice, but fluorine from Antarctic krill meal and sodium fluoride was obviously deposited in the femur of mice. On the other hands, the weight gained rate of mice in the sodium fluoride group was 3.22%, and that of mice in Antarctic krill meal group was 7.81%, both of that were significantly lower than that in the blank group (12.87%). The results showed that the fluorine in Antarctic krill meal inhibited the growth of mice, but its specific absorption, metabolism and transformation process in the body still needed to be further studied.
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Yue Yuan

East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, China
Haifeng Yu

Anshan Institute for Food and Drug Control, Anshan, China
Youqiong Cai

East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, China
Hai Chi

East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, China

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APA Style

Yue Yuan, Haifeng Yu, Youqiong Cai, Hai Chi. (2019). Effects of Fluoride of Antarctic Krill (Euphausia superba) Meal on Accumulation and Weight of Mice. International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences, 8(2), 36-39. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20190802.12

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ACS Style

Yue Yuan; Haifeng Yu; Youqiong Cai; Hai Chi. Effects of Fluoride of Antarctic Krill (Euphausia superba) Meal on Accumulation and Weight of Mice. Int. J. Nutr. Food Sci. 2019, 8(2), 36-39. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20190802.12

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AMA Style

Yue Yuan, Haifeng Yu, Youqiong Cai, Hai Chi. Effects of Fluoride of Antarctic Krill (Euphausia superba) Meal on Accumulation and Weight of Mice. Int J Nutr Food Sci. 2019;8(2):36-39. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20190802.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijnfs.20190802.12,
  author = {Yue Yuan and Haifeng Yu and Youqiong Cai and Hai Chi},
  title = {Effects of Fluoride of Antarctic Krill (Euphausia superba) Meal on Accumulation and Weight of Mice},
  journal = {International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences},
  volume = {8},
  number = {2},
  pages = {36-39},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijnfs.20190802.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20190802.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijnfs.20190802.12},
  abstract = {Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) possesses rich nutritional value, large fishing capacity and potentials for processing and utilization. However, the development and utilization of Antarctic krill is impeded by its high fluorine contents. In this study, Antarctic krill meal and sodium fluoride solution (300 mg/L) were selected as the study objects to feeding mice, and the effects of fluoride on accumulation and weight gained in small intestine, blood, liver, and kidney femur of mice were investigated. The results showed that the contents of small intestine, blood, liver and kidney in the group of the mice fed with Antarctic krill and sodium fluoride remained less than 1 mg/kg, which was slightly higher than that of the blank control group (p＜0.05). The fluoride contents in the femur of mice fed with Antarctic krill meal and sodium fluoride solution were ten times higher than that of the blank control group, indicating that the fluorine in Antarctic krill meal was likely different from the chemical fluorine in sodium fluoride. No signification difference on accumulation of fluoride was found in the small intestine, blood, liver and kidney of mice, but fluorine from Antarctic krill meal and sodium fluoride was obviously deposited in the femur of mice. On the other hands, the weight gained rate of mice in the sodium fluoride group was 3.22%, and that of mice in Antarctic krill meal group was 7.81%, both of that were significantly lower than that in the blank group (12.87%). The results showed that the fluorine in Antarctic krill meal inhibited the growth of mice, but its specific absorption, metabolism and transformation process in the body still needed to be further studied.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effects of Fluoride of Antarctic Krill (Euphausia superba) Meal on Accumulation and Weight of Mice
AU  - Yue Yuan
AU  - Haifeng Yu
AU  - Youqiong Cai
AU  - Hai Chi
Y1  - 2019/07/19
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20190802.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20190802.12
T2  - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
JF  - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
JO  - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
SP  - 36
EP  - 39
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2327-2716
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20190802.12
AB  - Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) possesses rich nutritional value, large fishing capacity and potentials for processing and utilization. However, the development and utilization of Antarctic krill is impeded by its high fluorine contents. In this study, Antarctic krill meal and sodium fluoride solution (300 mg/L) were selected as the study objects to feeding mice, and the effects of fluoride on accumulation and weight gained in small intestine, blood, liver, and kidney femur of mice were investigated. The results showed that the contents of small intestine, blood, liver and kidney in the group of the mice fed with Antarctic krill and sodium fluoride remained less than 1 mg/kg, which was slightly higher than that of the blank control group (p＜0.05). The fluoride contents in the femur of mice fed with Antarctic krill meal and sodium fluoride solution were ten times higher than that of the blank control group, indicating that the fluorine in Antarctic krill meal was likely different from the chemical fluorine in sodium fluoride. No signification difference on accumulation of fluoride was found in the small intestine, blood, liver and kidney of mice, but fluorine from Antarctic krill meal and sodium fluoride was obviously deposited in the femur of mice. On the other hands, the weight gained rate of mice in the sodium fluoride group was 3.22%, and that of mice in Antarctic krill meal group was 7.81%, both of that were significantly lower than that in the blank group (12.87%). The results showed that the fluorine in Antarctic krill meal inhibited the growth of mice, but its specific absorption, metabolism and transformation process in the body still needed to be further studied.
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
ER  -

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