Undernutrition and Associated Factors Among Children and Adolescents Aged 2 to 19 Years Under Antiretroviral Therapy at the Bamenda Regional Hospital, Cameroon

Choumessi Tchewonpi Aphrodite; Saha Foudjo Ulrich Brice; Njeck Thecla Anweck; Nantia Akono Edouard; Tibi Sheron Ateh; Ejoh Aba Richard; Tume Bonglavnyuy Christopher

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijnfs.20221105.13

Undernutrition and Associated Factors Among Children and Adolescents Aged 2 to 19 Years Under Antiretroviral Therapy at the Bamenda Regional Hospital, Cameroon

Choumessi Tchewonpi Aphrodite, Saha Foudjo Ulrich Brice, Njeck Thecla Anweck, Nantia Akono Edouard, Tibi Sheron Ateh, Ejoh Aba Richard, Tume Bonglavnyuy Christopher

Published in International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences (Volume 11, Issue 5)

Received: 9 August 2022 Accepted: 31 August 2022 Published: 16 September 2022

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

Poor nutrition aggravates the effect of HIV by further decreasing the immune system and potentially reducing the efficacy of antiretroviral therapy (ART). This study aimed to assess associated factors of undernutrition among children and adolescents aged 2-19 years old at the paediatric daycare center of the Bamenda Regional Hospital, North-West region of Cameroon. This analytical cross-sectional study included 31 children and 170 adolescents for which anthropometric, biochemical, clinical and dietary parameters were assessed. Knowledge, feeding practices, hygiene and sanitation of parents/guardians were also assessed using a structured pretested questionnaire. The results showed that the prevalence of undernutrition, stunting, acute malnutrition and underweight among study population were 32.8%, 27.4%, 20.4% and 13.9%, respectively. Age between 2 to 9 years old (aOR = 3.988; p = 0.018), occurrence of typhoid fever (aOR = 7.250; p = 0.039), and avitaminosis A (aOR = 7.664; p = 0.004) were positively associated with undernutrition. Being a female (aOR = 0.378; p = 0.029) was negatively associated with undernutrition. Age (p = 0.012), high levels of LDL-cholesterol (p = 0.015) and low dairy products’ intake (p = 0.048) were associated with underweight. Avitaminosis A (p = 0.030) and hyperalbuminemia (p = 0.014) were positively associated with stunting. Positively-associated factors of acute malnutrition were age (p = 0.013), avitaminosis A (p = 0.005), and hypertriglyceridemia (p = 0.039). Out of the 8 food groups recorded, pulses and dairy products were infrequently consumed. About one-quarter of households had good knowledge of a balanced diet. Dyslipidemia was predominant (56.2%). Summarily, the prevalence of undernutrition and its forms were high among HIV-positive children and adolescents. Associated factors were being a male, being a child aged 2 to 9 years, occurrence of typhoid fever, avitaminosis A, hyperalbuminemia and dyslipidemia.

Published in	International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences (Volume 11, Issue 5)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijnfs.20221105.13
Page(s)	122-133
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Associated Factors, Dietary Habits, Dyslipidemia, HIV-Positive Children and Adolescents, Undernutrition

References

[1]	WHO. Global health sector strategy on HIV 2016–2021, towards ending aids. World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland; 2016.
[2]	Ivers, C. L., Cullen, A. K., Freedberg, A. K., Block, S., Coates, J. & Webb, P. (2009). HIV/AIDS, Undernutrition and Food Insecurity. Clin Infect Dis, 49 (7): 1096–1102. doi: 10.1086/605573.
[3]	Sivakumar, T., Vanaja, P., Sasikala, S. & Vasanthi. R. (2021). Relationship Between HIV and Nutrition. HIV Nursing, 21 (2): 68-72. https://doi.org/10.31838/hiv21.02.09
[4]	Colecraft E. (2008). HIV/AIDS: nutritional implications and impact on human development. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 67, 109–113. doi: 10.1017/S0029665108006095.
[5]	Thimmapuram, R., Lanka, S., Esswein, A. & Dall, L. (2019). Correlation of Nutrition with Immune Status in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Outpatients. Missouri Medicine, 116: 4, 336.
[6]	Duggal, S., Chugh, D., T. & Duggal, K. S. (2012). HIV and Malnutrition: Effects on Immune System, 8 pages. doi: 10.1155/2012/784740.
[7]	Saloojee, H., Gray, G. & McIntyre, A. J. (2011). HIV and infant feeding – one step forward, two steps back. Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine, 12 (4), 6. doi: https://doi.org/10.4102/sajhivmed.v12i4.164
[8]	Jesson, J. & Leroy, V. (2015). Challenges of malnutrition care among HIV-infected children on antiretroviral treatment in Africa. Medecine et Maladies Infectieuses, 45 (5): 149-156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medmal.2015.03.002
[9]	Janssens, B., Raleigh, B., Soeung, S., Akao, K., Te, V., Gupta, J. et al. (2007). Effectiveness of highly active antiretroviral therapy in HIV-positive children: evaluation at 12 months in a routine program in Cambodia. Pediatrics, 120 (5): e1134-40. doi: 10.1542/peds.2006-3503.
[10]	Bunupuradah, T., Kosalaraksa, P., Vibol, U., Hansudewechakul, R., Sophonphan, J., Kanjanavanit, S. et al. (2013). Impact of antiretroviral therapy on quality of life in HIV-infected Southeast Asian children in the predict study. AIDS Patient Care STDS, 27 (11): 596-603. doi: 10.1089/apc.2013.0203.
[11]	WHO (2010). Caring practices. In: nutrition landscape information system (NLIS): country profile indicators. WHO document production services, Geneva, Switzerland, pp 16-19.
[12]	UNAIDS (2019). Global HIV & AIDS statistics -fact sheet UNAIDS, The quest for an HIV vaccine.
[13]	Acho-Chi C. (1998). Human interference and environmental instability: Addressing the environmental consequences of rapid urban growth in Bamenda, Cameroon. Journal of Environment and Urbanization, 10: 161–174. https://doi.org/10.1177/095624789801000206
[14]	WHO (2006)‎. WHO child growth standards: length/height-for-age, weight-for-age, weight-for-length, weight -for-height and body mass index-for-age: methods and development. World Health Organization, https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/43413
[15]	De Onis, M., Onyango, A., W., Borghi, E., Siyam, A., Nishida, C. & Siekmann J. (2007). Development of a WHO growth reference for school-aged children and adolescents. Bull World Health Organ, 85: 660–7. doi: 10.2471/blt.07.043497.
[16]	Jaggernath, M., Naicker, R., Madurai, S., Brockman, M. A., Ndung’u, T. & Gelderblom, H. C. (2016). Diagnostic Accuracy of the HemoCue Hb 301, STATSite MHgb and URIT-12 Point-of-Care Hemoglobin Meters in a Central Laboratory and a Community Based Clinic in Durban, South Africa. PLoS ONE 11 (4): e0152184. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152184.
[17]	Christensen, P. A. (2017). Reference intervals for the P-Albumin bromocresol purple method. Scand J Clin Lab Invest, 77 (6): 472-476. doi: 10.1080/00365513.2017.1337217.
[18]	Executive summary of the third report of the national cholesterol education program (NCE P) expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (adult treatment panel III). JAMA 2001; 285 (19): 2486–2497. doi: 10.1001/jama.285.19.2486.
[19]	Berhe, K., Kidanemariam, A., Gebremariam, G. & Gebremariam, A. (2019). Prevalence and associated factors of adolescent undernutrition in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Nutrition, 5: 49. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40795-019-0309-4
[20]	Yen, S. T. & Lin, B. (2002). Beverage consumption among US children and adolescents: full-information and quasi maximum-likelihood estimation of a censoredsystem. Eur Rev Agric Econ., 29: 85–103.
[21]	Vue, H. & Reicks, M. (2007). Individual and environmental influences on intake of calciumrich food and beverages by young Hmong adolescent girls. J Nutr Educ Behav., 39: 264–272. doi: 10.1016/j.jneb.2007.03.092.
[22]	Goh, D. Y. & Jacob, A. (2011). Children’s consumption of beverages in Singapore: knowledge, attitudes and practice. J Paediatr Child Health., 47: 465–472. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1754.2010.01999.x.
[23]	Herber, C., Bogler, L., Subramanian, S. V. & Vollmer S. (2020). Association between milk consumption and child growth for children aged 6–59 months. Scientific Reports, 10: 6730. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-63647-8
[24]	Wiley A. S. (2010). Dairy and milk consumption and child growth: is BMI involved? Analysis of NHANES 1999–2004. Am J Hum Biol., 22: 517–525. doi: 10.1002/ajhb.21042.
[25]	Krebs, N. F., Mazariegos, M., Tshefu, A., Bose, C., Sami, N., Chomba, E. et al. (2011). Complementary Feeding Study Group. Meat consumption is associated with less stunting among toddlers in four diverse low-income settings. Food Nutr Bull., 32 (3): 185-91. doi: 10.1177/156482651103200301.
[26]	Moradi, S., Mirzababaei, A., Mohammadi, H., Moosavian, S., P., Arab, A., Jannat, B. et al. (2019). Food insecurity and the risk of undernutrition complications among children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrition, 62: 52-60. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2018.11.029.
[27]	De Onis, M., Blössner, M. & Borghi, E. (2012). Prevalence and trends of stunting among preschool children, 1990–2020. Public Health Nutr., 15: 142–8. doi: 10.1017/S1368980011001315.
[28]	Galloway R. (2017). Global Nutrition Outcomes at Ages 5 to 19. In: Bundy DAP, Silva Nd, Horton S, et al., editors. Child and Adolescent Health and Development. 3rd edition. Washington (DC): The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank; Chapter 3. doi: 10.1596/978-1-4648-0423-6_ch3.
[29]	Mertens, A., Benjamin-Chung, J., Colford, J. M. Jr., Coyle J., van der Laan, M. J., Hubbard, E. et al. (2020). Causes and consequences of child growth failure in low- and middle-income countries. MedRxiv. doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.09.2012710
[30]	Garenne, M., Thurstans, S., Briend, A., Dolan, C., Khara, T., Myatt, M. et al. (2021). Changing sex differences inundernutrition of African children: Findings from Demographic and Health Surveys. J. Biosoc. Sci., 1–11. doi: 10.1017/S0021932021000468.
[31]	Thurstans, S., Opondo, C., Seal, A., Wells, J. C., Khara, T., Dolan, C. et al. (2022). Understanding Sex Differences in Childhood Undernutrition: A Narrative Review. Nutrients, 14 (5), 948. doi: 10.3390/nu14050948.
[32]	Lie, C., Ying, C., Wang, E., Brun, T. & Geissler, C. (1993). Impact of large-dose vitamin A supplementation on childhood diarrhoea, respiratory disease and growth. Eur J Clin Nutr., 47 (2): 88–96.
[33]	Ramakrishnan, U., Latham, M. C. & Abel, R. (1995). Vitamin A supplementation does not improve growth of preschool children: a randomized, double-blind field trial in south India. J Nutr., 125 (2): 202–11. doi: 10.1093/jn/125.2.202.
[34]	Hadi, H., Stoltzfus, R. J., Dibley, M. J., Moulton, L. H., West, K. P. Jr., Kjolhede, C. L. et al. (2000). Vitamin A supplementation selectively improves the linear growth of Indonesian preschool children: results from a randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr., 71 (2): 507–13. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/71.2.507.
[35]	Ssentongo, P. Ba. D. M., Ssentongo, A. E., Fronterre, C., Whalen, A., Yang, Y., Ericson, J. E. et al. (2020). Association of vitamin A deficiency with early childhood stunting in Uganda: A population-based cross-sectional study. PloS one, 15 (5). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233615.
[36]	Mallo, F., Lamas, J. A., Casanueva, F. F. & Dieguez, C. (1992). Effect of retinoic acid deficiency on in vivo and in vitro GH responses to GHRH in male rats. Neuroendocrinology, 55 (6): 642–7. doi: 10.1159/000126183.
[37]	Breen, J. J., Matsuura, T., Ross, A. C. & Gurr, J. A. (1995). Regulation of thyroid-stimulating hormone beta-subunit and growth hormone messenger ribonucleic acid levels in the rat: effect of vitamin A status. Endocrinology, 136 (2): 543–9. doi: 10.1210/endo.136.2.7835286.
[38]	Xiao, L., Cui, T., Liu, S., Chen, B., Wang, Y., Yang, T. et al. (2019). Vitamin A supplementation improves the intestinal mucosal barrier and facilitates the expression of tight junction proteins in rats with diarrhea. Nutrition, 57: 97–108. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2018.06.007.
[39]	Farhadi, S. & Ovchinnikov, S. R. (2018). The relationship between nutrition and infectious diseases: A review. Biomed Biotechnol Res J., 2 (3): 168-172.
[40]	Calder, P. C. & Jackson, A. A. (2000). Undernutrition, infection and immune function. Nutr Res Rev., 13, 3-29. doi: 10.1079/095442200108728981.
[41]	Giannella R. A. (1996). Salmonella. In: Baron S, editor. Medical Microbiology. 4^th edition. Galveston (TX): University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston. Chapter 21.
[42]	Febriani, A. D. B., Daud, D., Rauf, S., Nawing, H. D., Ganda, I. J., Salekede, S. B. et al. (2020). Risk Factors and Nutritional Profiles Associated with Stunting in Children. Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr., 23 (5): 457-463. doi: 10.5223/pghn.2020.23.5.457.
[43]	Sakamoto, A., Shintaro, Y., Kimie, T., Issei, K. & Kazuhiko, K. (2019). Low Body Mass Index Independently Predicts Future Risk of Elevated Low-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels in Apparently Healthy Women. Circulation, 140 (1).
[44]	Carvajal, I., Malavé, I., Correa, C., Castillo, C., Pérez, M., Hammar, S. et al. (1992) Alteraciones de las fracciones lipídicas en el suero de niños desnutridos con y sin infección clínica. Hipertrigliceridemia paradójica en desnutrición [Changes in the serum lipid fractions of malnourished children with and without clinical infection. Paradoxical hypertriglyceridemia in malnutrition]. Arch Latinoam Nutr., 42 (3): 250-8.
[45]	Figueroa, R. & Rodriguez-Garcia, R. (2002). Nutrition and Population. In Nutrition: A Foundation for Development, Geneva: ACC/SCN.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Choumessi Tchewonpi Aphrodite, Saha Foudjo Ulrich Brice, Njeck Thecla Anweck, Nantia Akono Edouard, Tibi Sheron Ateh, et al. (2022). Undernutrition and Associated Factors Among Children and Adolescents Aged 2 to 19 Years Under Antiretroviral Therapy at the Bamenda Regional Hospital, Cameroon. International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences, 11(5), 122-133. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20221105.13

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Choumessi Tchewonpi Aphrodite; Saha Foudjo Ulrich Brice; Njeck Thecla Anweck; Nantia Akono Edouard; Tibi Sheron Ateh, et al. Undernutrition and Associated Factors Among Children and Adolescents Aged 2 to 19 Years Under Antiretroviral Therapy at the Bamenda Regional Hospital, Cameroon. Int. J. Nutr. Food Sci. 2022, 11(5), 122-133. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20221105.13

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Choumessi Tchewonpi Aphrodite, Saha Foudjo Ulrich Brice, Njeck Thecla Anweck, Nantia Akono Edouard, Tibi Sheron Ateh, et al. Undernutrition and Associated Factors Among Children and Adolescents Aged 2 to 19 Years Under Antiretroviral Therapy at the Bamenda Regional Hospital, Cameroon. Int J Nutr Food Sci. 2022;11(5):122-133. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20221105.13

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijnfs.20221105.13,
  author = {Choumessi Tchewonpi Aphrodite and Saha Foudjo Ulrich Brice and Njeck Thecla Anweck and Nantia Akono Edouard and Tibi Sheron Ateh and Ejoh Aba Richard and Tume Bonglavnyuy Christopher},
  title = {Undernutrition and Associated Factors Among Children and Adolescents Aged 2 to 19 Years Under Antiretroviral Therapy at the Bamenda Regional Hospital, Cameroon},
  journal = {International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences},
  volume = {11},
  number = {5},
  pages = {122-133},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijnfs.20221105.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20221105.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijnfs.20221105.13},
  abstract = {Poor nutrition aggravates the effect of HIV by further decreasing the immune system and potentially reducing the efficacy of antiretroviral therapy (ART). This study aimed to assess associated factors of undernutrition among children and adolescents aged 2-19 years old at the paediatric daycare center of the Bamenda Regional Hospital, North-West region of Cameroon. This analytical cross-sectional study included 31 children and 170 adolescents for which anthropometric, biochemical, clinical and dietary parameters were assessed. Knowledge, feeding practices, hygiene and sanitation of parents/guardians were also assessed using a structured pretested questionnaire. The results showed that the prevalence of undernutrition, stunting, acute malnutrition and underweight among study population were 32.8%, 27.4%, 20.4% and 13.9%, respectively. Age between 2 to 9 years old (aOR = 3.988; p = 0.018), occurrence of typhoid fever (aOR = 7.250; p = 0.039), and avitaminosis A (aOR = 7.664; p = 0.004) were positively associated with undernutrition. Being a female (aOR = 0.378; p = 0.029) was negatively associated with undernutrition. Age (p = 0.012), high levels of LDL-cholesterol (p = 0.015) and low dairy products’ intake (p = 0.048) were associated with underweight. Avitaminosis A (p = 0.030) and hyperalbuminemia (p = 0.014) were positively associated with stunting. Positively-associated factors of acute malnutrition were age (p = 0.013), avitaminosis A (p = 0.005), and hypertriglyceridemia (p = 0.039). Out of the 8 food groups recorded, pulses and dairy products were infrequently consumed. About one-quarter of households had good knowledge of a balanced diet. Dyslipidemia was predominant (56.2%). Summarily, the prevalence of undernutrition and its forms were high among HIV-positive children and adolescents. Associated factors were being a male, being a child aged 2 to 9 years, occurrence of typhoid fever, avitaminosis A, hyperalbuminemia and dyslipidemia.},
 year = {2022}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Undernutrition and Associated Factors Among Children and Adolescents Aged 2 to 19 Years Under Antiretroviral Therapy at the Bamenda Regional Hospital, Cameroon
AU  - Choumessi Tchewonpi Aphrodite
AU  - Saha Foudjo Ulrich Brice
AU  - Njeck Thecla Anweck
AU  - Nantia Akono Edouard
AU  - Tibi Sheron Ateh
AU  - Ejoh Aba Richard
AU  - Tume Bonglavnyuy Christopher
Y1  - 2022/09/16
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20221105.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20221105.13
T2  - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
JF  - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
JO  - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
SP  - 122
EP  - 133
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2327-2716
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20221105.13
AB  - Poor nutrition aggravates the effect of HIV by further decreasing the immune system and potentially reducing the efficacy of antiretroviral therapy (ART). This study aimed to assess associated factors of undernutrition among children and adolescents aged 2-19 years old at the paediatric daycare center of the Bamenda Regional Hospital, North-West region of Cameroon. This analytical cross-sectional study included 31 children and 170 adolescents for which anthropometric, biochemical, clinical and dietary parameters were assessed. Knowledge, feeding practices, hygiene and sanitation of parents/guardians were also assessed using a structured pretested questionnaire. The results showed that the prevalence of undernutrition, stunting, acute malnutrition and underweight among study population were 32.8%, 27.4%, 20.4% and 13.9%, respectively. Age between 2 to 9 years old (aOR = 3.988; p = 0.018), occurrence of typhoid fever (aOR = 7.250; p = 0.039), and avitaminosis A (aOR = 7.664; p = 0.004) were positively associated with undernutrition. Being a female (aOR = 0.378; p = 0.029) was negatively associated with undernutrition. Age (p = 0.012), high levels of LDL-cholesterol (p = 0.015) and low dairy products’ intake (p = 0.048) were associated with underweight. Avitaminosis A (p = 0.030) and hyperalbuminemia (p = 0.014) were positively associated with stunting. Positively-associated factors of acute malnutrition were age (p = 0.013), avitaminosis A (p = 0.005), and hypertriglyceridemia (p = 0.039). Out of the 8 food groups recorded, pulses and dairy products were infrequently consumed. About one-quarter of households had good knowledge of a balanced diet. Dyslipidemia was predominant (56.2%). Summarily, the prevalence of undernutrition and its forms were high among HIV-positive children and adolescents. Associated factors were being a male, being a child aged 2 to 9 years, occurrence of typhoid fever, avitaminosis A, hyperalbuminemia and dyslipidemia.
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Choumessi Tchewonpi Aphrodite

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Bamenda, Bambili, Cameroon
Saha Foudjo Ulrich Brice

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Bamenda, Bambili, Cameroon
Njeck Thecla Anweck

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Bamenda, Bambili, Cameroon
Nantia Akono Edouard

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Bamenda, Bambili, Cameroon
Tibi Sheron Ateh

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Bamenda, Bambili, Cameroon
Ejoh Aba Richard

Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Technology, University of Bamenda, Bambili, Cameroon
Tume Bonglavnyuy Christopher

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Bamenda, Bambili, Cameroon

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Choumessi Tchewonpi Aphrodite, Saha Foudjo Ulrich Brice, Njeck Thecla Anweck, Nantia Akono Edouard, Tibi Sheron Ateh, et al. (2022). Undernutrition and Associated Factors Among Children and Adolescents Aged 2 to 19 Years Under Antiretroviral Therapy at the Bamenda Regional Hospital, Cameroon. International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences, 11(5), 122-133. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20221105.13

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Choumessi Tchewonpi Aphrodite; Saha Foudjo Ulrich Brice; Njeck Thecla Anweck; Nantia Akono Edouard; Tibi Sheron Ateh, et al. Undernutrition and Associated Factors Among Children and Adolescents Aged 2 to 19 Years Under Antiretroviral Therapy at the Bamenda Regional Hospital, Cameroon. Int. J. Nutr. Food Sci. 2022, 11(5), 122-133. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20221105.13

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Choumessi Tchewonpi Aphrodite, Saha Foudjo Ulrich Brice, Njeck Thecla Anweck, Nantia Akono Edouard, Tibi Sheron Ateh, et al. Undernutrition and Associated Factors Among Children and Adolescents Aged 2 to 19 Years Under Antiretroviral Therapy at the Bamenda Regional Hospital, Cameroon. Int J Nutr Food Sci. 2022;11(5):122-133. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20221105.13

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijnfs.20221105.13,
  author = {Choumessi Tchewonpi Aphrodite and Saha Foudjo Ulrich Brice and Njeck Thecla Anweck and Nantia Akono Edouard and Tibi Sheron Ateh and Ejoh Aba Richard and Tume Bonglavnyuy Christopher},
  title = {Undernutrition and Associated Factors Among Children and Adolescents Aged 2 to 19 Years Under Antiretroviral Therapy at the Bamenda Regional Hospital, Cameroon},
  journal = {International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences},
  volume = {11},
  number = {5},
  pages = {122-133},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijnfs.20221105.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20221105.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijnfs.20221105.13},
  abstract = {Poor nutrition aggravates the effect of HIV by further decreasing the immune system and potentially reducing the efficacy of antiretroviral therapy (ART). This study aimed to assess associated factors of undernutrition among children and adolescents aged 2-19 years old at the paediatric daycare center of the Bamenda Regional Hospital, North-West region of Cameroon. This analytical cross-sectional study included 31 children and 170 adolescents for which anthropometric, biochemical, clinical and dietary parameters were assessed. Knowledge, feeding practices, hygiene and sanitation of parents/guardians were also assessed using a structured pretested questionnaire. The results showed that the prevalence of undernutrition, stunting, acute malnutrition and underweight among study population were 32.8%, 27.4%, 20.4% and 13.9%, respectively. Age between 2 to 9 years old (aOR = 3.988; p = 0.018), occurrence of typhoid fever (aOR = 7.250; p = 0.039), and avitaminosis A (aOR = 7.664; p = 0.004) were positively associated with undernutrition. Being a female (aOR = 0.378; p = 0.029) was negatively associated with undernutrition. Age (p = 0.012), high levels of LDL-cholesterol (p = 0.015) and low dairy products’ intake (p = 0.048) were associated with underweight. Avitaminosis A (p = 0.030) and hyperalbuminemia (p = 0.014) were positively associated with stunting. Positively-associated factors of acute malnutrition were age (p = 0.013), avitaminosis A (p = 0.005), and hypertriglyceridemia (p = 0.039). Out of the 8 food groups recorded, pulses and dairy products were infrequently consumed. About one-quarter of households had good knowledge of a balanced diet. Dyslipidemia was predominant (56.2%). Summarily, the prevalence of undernutrition and its forms were high among HIV-positive children and adolescents. Associated factors were being a male, being a child aged 2 to 9 years, occurrence of typhoid fever, avitaminosis A, hyperalbuminemia and dyslipidemia.},
 year = {2022}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Undernutrition and Associated Factors Among Children and Adolescents Aged 2 to 19 Years Under Antiretroviral Therapy at the Bamenda Regional Hospital, Cameroon
AU  - Choumessi Tchewonpi Aphrodite
AU  - Saha Foudjo Ulrich Brice
AU  - Njeck Thecla Anweck
AU  - Nantia Akono Edouard
AU  - Tibi Sheron Ateh
AU  - Ejoh Aba Richard
AU  - Tume Bonglavnyuy Christopher
Y1  - 2022/09/16
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20221105.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20221105.13
T2  - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
JF  - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
JO  - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
SP  - 122
EP  - 133
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2327-2716
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20221105.13
AB  - Poor nutrition aggravates the effect of HIV by further decreasing the immune system and potentially reducing the efficacy of antiretroviral therapy (ART). This study aimed to assess associated factors of undernutrition among children and adolescents aged 2-19 years old at the paediatric daycare center of the Bamenda Regional Hospital, North-West region of Cameroon. This analytical cross-sectional study included 31 children and 170 adolescents for which anthropometric, biochemical, clinical and dietary parameters were assessed. Knowledge, feeding practices, hygiene and sanitation of parents/guardians were also assessed using a structured pretested questionnaire. The results showed that the prevalence of undernutrition, stunting, acute malnutrition and underweight among study population were 32.8%, 27.4%, 20.4% and 13.9%, respectively. Age between 2 to 9 years old (aOR = 3.988; p = 0.018), occurrence of typhoid fever (aOR = 7.250; p = 0.039), and avitaminosis A (aOR = 7.664; p = 0.004) were positively associated with undernutrition. Being a female (aOR = 0.378; p = 0.029) was negatively associated with undernutrition. Age (p = 0.012), high levels of LDL-cholesterol (p = 0.015) and low dairy products’ intake (p = 0.048) were associated with underweight. Avitaminosis A (p = 0.030) and hyperalbuminemia (p = 0.014) were positively associated with stunting. Positively-associated factors of acute malnutrition were age (p = 0.013), avitaminosis A (p = 0.005), and hypertriglyceridemia (p = 0.039). Out of the 8 food groups recorded, pulses and dairy products were infrequently consumed. About one-quarter of households had good knowledge of a balanced diet. Dyslipidemia was predominant (56.2%). Summarily, the prevalence of undernutrition and its forms were high among HIV-positive children and adolescents. Associated factors were being a male, being a child aged 2 to 9 years, occurrence of typhoid fever, avitaminosis A, hyperalbuminemia and dyslipidemia.
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
ER  -

Copy | Download