Aim: To investigate the effects of co-ingestion of amino acids with fat on postchallenge glycemia and lipidemia. Methods: Nine healthy young Japanese women were enrolled. At each session, the subjects ingested one of three beverages containing fat cream (OFTT™ cream, 1 g/kg body weight, 0.35 g/kg as fat) and/or amino acid mixture (Amizet B™, 600 mg/kg body weight, 60 mg/kg as amino acids) in a randomized crossover design. The three beverages were as follows: fat cream (F trial), amino acid mixture (A trial), or both (FA trial). Venous blood samples were obtained before (0) and 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 h in the A trial, and at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 h after ingestion in the F and FA trials. Results: Fat ingestion increased the secretion of incretins (GIP and GLP-1), but only a weak effect on insulin secretion was observed. Amino acids ingestion had only a weak effect on the secretion of incretins, but synergistically stimulated the insulin secretion induced by fat ingestion. Glucagon showed behavior similar to that of insulin. There were no significant effects of the co-ingestion of amino acids on lipid or lipoprotein metabolism compared to the ingestion of fat alone. All of these phenomena were observed without a change in blood glucose levels. Conclusion: Fat ingestion stimulated mainly the secretion of incretins via intestinal cells, whereas the amino acid ingestion stimulated mainly insulin secretion by directly acting on pancreatic β cells. The co-ingestion of amino acids with fat may improve postchallenge glucose metabolism, but it had little effect on postchallenge lipid or lipoprotein metabolism.
| Published in | International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences (Volume 11, Issue 6) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20221106.11 |
| Page(s) | 177-186 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Amino Acids, Postchallenge Glycemia, Postchallenge Lipidemia, Young Women, GIP, GLP-1, Insulin, Glucagon
| [1] | O'Keefe JH, Bell DS: Postprandial hyperglycemia/ hyperlipidemia (postprandial dysmetabolism) is a cardio- vascular risk factor. Am J Cardiol 2007; 100: 899-904. |
| [2] | Saito H, Kagaya M, Suzuki M, Yoshida A, Naito M: Simultaneous ingestion of fructose and fat exacerbates postprandial exogenous lipidemia in young healthy Japanese women. J Atheroscler Thromb 2013; 20: 591-600. |
| [3] | Saito H, Kato M, Yoshida A, Naito M: The ingestion of a fructose-containing beverage combined with fat cream exacerbates postprandial lipidemia in young healthy women. J Atheroscler Thromb 2015; 22: 85-94. |
| [4] | Mizutani E, Hashimoto S, Saito H, Kato M, Yoshida A, Naito M: Differential effects of sucrose, fructose, and glucose on postprandial carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in young Japanese women. J Food Nutr Sci 2018; 6: 1-11. |
| [5] | Takemoto H, Kuzawa K, Kagaya M, Naito M: Prevalence of hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia in young Japanese women. Jou Food Sci & Nutri 2021; JFSN-115. |
| [6] | Takahashi M, Ozaki M, Kang M, Sasaki H, Fukazawa M, Iwakami T, Lim PJ, Kim H, Aoyama S, Shibata S: Effects of meal timing on postprandial glucose metabolism and blood metabolites in healthy adults. Nutrients 2018; 10: 1763-1776. |
| [7] | Shukla AP, Iliescu RG, Thomas CE, Aronne LJ: Food order has a significant impact on postprandial glucose and insulin levels. Diabetes Care 2015; 38: e98-e99. |
| [8] | Meng H, Matthan NR, Ausman LM, Lichtenstein AH: Effect of prior meal macronutrient composition on postprandial glycemic responses and glycemic index and glycemic load value determinations. Am J Clin Nutr 2017; 106: 1246-1256. |
| [9] | Russell WR, Baka A, Björck I, Delzenne N, Gao D, Griffiths HR, Hadjilucas E, Juvonen K, Lahtinen S, Lansink M, van Loon LJ, Mykkänen H, Östman E, Riccardi G, Vinoy S, Weickert MO: Impact of diet composition on blood glucose regulation. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2016; 56: 541-590. |
| [10] | Ogata H, Hatamoto Y, Goto Y, Tajiri E, Yoshimura E, Kiyono K, Uehara Y, Kawanaka K, Omi N, Tanaka H: Association between breakfast skipping and postprandial hyperglycaemia after lunch in healthy young individuals. Br J Nutr 2019; 122: 431-440. |
| [11] | Marathe CS, Rayner CK, Jones KL, Horowitz M: Relationships brtween gastric emptying, postprandial glycemia, and incretin hormones. Diabetes care 2013; 36: 1396-1405. |
| [12] | Node K, Inoue T: Postprandial hyperglycemia as an etiological factor in vascular failure. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2009; 8: 23-32. |
| [13] | Malloya MJ, Kaneb JP: Hyperlipidemia and cardiovascular disease. Curr Opin Lipidol 2012; 23: 591-592. |
| [14] | Haffner SM: The importance of hyperglycemia in the nonfasting state to the development of cardiovascular disease. Endocr Rev 1998; 19: 583-592. |
| [15] | Kuzawa K, Morita Y, Ichikawa N, Naito M: Simultaneous evaluation of postchallenge glycemia and lipidemia in young women. J Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9: 153-162. |
| [16] | Carr RD, Larsen MO, Winzell MS, Jelic K, Lindgren O, Deacon CF, Ahrén B: Incretin and islet hormonal responses to fat and protein ingestion in healthy men. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2008; 295: E779-E784. |
| [17] | Sloun, BV., Goossens GH, Erdos B, Lenz M, Riel NV, Arts IC: The impact of amino acids on postprandial glucose and insulin kinetics in humans: A quantitative overview. Nutrients 2020; 12: 3211-3232. |
| [18] | Elovaris RA, Bitarafan V, Agah S, Ullrich SS, Lange K, Horowitz M, Feinle-Bisset C: Comparative effects of the branched-chain amino acids, leucine, isoleucine and valine, on gastric emptying, plasma glucose, C-Peptide and glucagon in healthy men. Nutrients 2021; 13: 1613-1623. |
| [19] | Fitzgerald PC, Manoliu B, Herbillon B, Steinert RE, Horowitz M, Feinle-Bisset C: Effects of L-phenylalanine on energy intake and glycaemia — Impacts on appetite perceptions, gastrointestinal hormones and gastric emptying in healthy males. Nutrients 2020; 12: 1788-1804. |
| [20] | Gannon MC, Nuttall JA, Nuttall FQ: The metabolic response to ingested glycine. Am J Clin Nutr 2002; 76: 1302-1307. |
| [21] | Miyachi A, Kobayashi M, Mieno E, Goto M, Furusawa K, Inagaki T, Kitamura T: Accurate analytical method for human plasma glucagon levels using liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry: Comparison with commercially available immunoassays. Anal Bioanal Chem 2017; 409: 5911-5918. |
| [22] | Greenfield JR, Farooqi IS, Keogh JM, Henning E, Habib AM, Blackwood A, Reimann F, Holst JJ, Gribble FM: Oral glutamine increases circulating glucagon-like peptide 1, glucagon, and insulin concentrations in lean, obese, and type 2 diabetic subjects. Am J Clin Nutr 2009; 89: 106-113. |
| [23] | Lindgren O, Carr RD, Deacon CF, Holst JJ, Pacini G, Mari A, Ahrén B: Incretin hormone and insulin responses to oral versus intravenous lipid administration in humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011; 96: 2519-2524. |
| [24] | Psichas A, Larraufie PF, Goldspink DA, Gribble FM, Reimann F: Chylomicrons stimulate incretin secretion in mouse and human cells. Diabetologia 2017; 60: 2475-2485. |
| [25] | Yamane S, Harada N, Inagaki N: Mechanisms of fat-induced gastric inhibitory polypeptide/glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide secretion from K cells. J Diabetes Investig 2016; 7: 20-26. |
| [26] | Bhaswanta M, Poudyalb H, Brownc L: Mechanisms of enhanced insulin secretion and sensitivity with n-3 unsaturated fatty acids. J Nutr Biochem 2015; 26: 571-584. |
| [27] | Edfalk S, Steneberg P, Edlund H: Gpr40 is expressed in enteroendocrine cells and mediates free fatty acid stimulation of incretin secretion. Diabetes 2008; 57: 2280-2287. |
| [28] | Iwasaki K, Harada N, Sasaki K, Yamane S, Iida K, Suzuki K, Hamasaki A, Nasteska D, Shibue K, Joo E, Harada T, Hashimoto T, Asakawa Y, Hirasawa A, Inagaki N: Free fatty acid receptor GPR120 is highly expressed in enteroendocrine K cells of the upper small intestine and has a critical role in GIP secretion after fat ingestion. Endocrinology 2015; 156: 837-846. |
| [29] | Hirasawa A, Tsumaya K, Awaji T, Katsuma S, Adachi T, Yamada M, Sugimoto Y, Miyazaki S, Tsujimoto G: Free fatty acids regulate gut incretin glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion through GPR120. Nat Med 2005; 11: 90-94. |
| [30] | Nakamura T, Harada K, Kamiya T, Takizawa M, Küppers J, Nakajima K, Gütschow M, Kitaguchi T, Ohta K, Kato T, Tsuboi T: Glutamine-induced signaling pathways via amino acid receptors in enteroendocrine L cell lines. J Mol Endocrinol 2020; 64: 133-143. |
| [31] | Modvig IM, Kuhre RE, Jepsen SL, Xu SFS, Engelstoft MS, Egerod KL, Schwartz TW, Ørskov C, Rosenkilde MM, Holst JJ: Amino acids differ in their capacity to stimulate GLP-1 release from the perfused rat small intestine and stimulate secretion by different sensing mechanisms. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2021; 320: E874-E885. |
| [32] | Thomsen C, Rasmussen O, Lousen T, Holst JJ, Fenselau S, Schrezenmeir J, Hermansen K: Differential effects of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids on postprandial lipemia and incretin responses in healthy subjects. Am J Clin Nutr 1999; 69: 1135-1143. |
| [33] | Newsholme P, Brennan L, Rubi B, Maechler P: New insights into amino acid metabolism, β-cell function and diabetes. Clin Sci 2005; 108: 185-194. |
| [34] | Newsholme P, Brennan L, Bender K: Amino acid metabolism, β-cell function, and diabetes. Diabetes 2006; 55: S39-S47. |
| [35] | Newsholme P, Krause M: Nutritional regulation of insulin secretion: Implications for diabetes. Clin Biochem Rev 2012; 33: 35-47. |
| [36] | Mortensen LS, Hartvigsen ML, Brader LJ, Astrup A, Schrezenmeir J, Holst JJ, Thomsen C, Hermansen K: Differential effects of protein quality on postprandial lipemia in response to a fat-rich meal in type 2 diabetes: Comparison of whey, casein, gluten, and cod protein. Am J Clin Nutr 2009; 90: 41-48. |
APA Style
Natsuko Ichikawa, Yukino Morita, Kayo Ootani, Michitaka Naito. (2022). Effects of Co-ingestion of Amino Acids with Fat on Postchallenge Glycemia and Lipidemia in Healthy Young Women. International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences, 11(6), 177-186. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20221106.11
ACS Style
Natsuko Ichikawa; Yukino Morita; Kayo Ootani; Michitaka Naito. Effects of Co-ingestion of Amino Acids with Fat on Postchallenge Glycemia and Lipidemia in Healthy Young Women. Int. J. Nutr. Food Sci. 2022, 11(6), 177-186. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20221106.11
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.ijnfs.20221106.11,
author = {Natsuko Ichikawa and Yukino Morita and Kayo Ootani and Michitaka Naito},
title = {Effects of Co-ingestion of Amino Acids with Fat on Postchallenge Glycemia and Lipidemia in Healthy Young Women},
journal = {International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences},
volume = {11},
number = {6},
pages = {177-186},
doi = {10.11648/j.ijnfs.20221106.11},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20221106.11},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijnfs.20221106.11},
abstract = {Aim: To investigate the effects of co-ingestion of amino acids with fat on postchallenge glycemia and lipidemia. Methods: Nine healthy young Japanese women were enrolled. At each session, the subjects ingested one of three beverages containing fat cream (OFTT™ cream, 1 g/kg body weight, 0.35 g/kg as fat) and/or amino acid mixture (Amizet B™, 600 mg/kg body weight, 60 mg/kg as amino acids) in a randomized crossover design. The three beverages were as follows: fat cream (F trial), amino acid mixture (A trial), or both (FA trial). Venous blood samples were obtained before (0) and 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 h in the A trial, and at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 h after ingestion in the F and FA trials. Results: Fat ingestion increased the secretion of incretins (GIP and GLP-1), but only a weak effect on insulin secretion was observed. Amino acids ingestion had only a weak effect on the secretion of incretins, but synergistically stimulated the insulin secretion induced by fat ingestion. Glucagon showed behavior similar to that of insulin. There were no significant effects of the co-ingestion of amino acids on lipid or lipoprotein metabolism compared to the ingestion of fat alone. All of these phenomena were observed without a change in blood glucose levels. Conclusion: Fat ingestion stimulated mainly the secretion of incretins via intestinal cells, whereas the amino acid ingestion stimulated mainly insulin secretion by directly acting on pancreatic β cells. The co-ingestion of amino acids with fat may improve postchallenge glucose metabolism, but it had little effect on postchallenge lipid or lipoprotein metabolism.},
year = {2022}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of Co-ingestion of Amino Acids with Fat on Postchallenge Glycemia and Lipidemia in Healthy Young Women AU - Natsuko Ichikawa AU - Yukino Morita AU - Kayo Ootani AU - Michitaka Naito Y1 - 2022/11/11 PY - 2022 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20221106.11 DO - 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20221106.11 T2 - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences JF - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences JO - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences SP - 177 EP - 186 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2327-2716 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20221106.11 AB - Aim: To investigate the effects of co-ingestion of amino acids with fat on postchallenge glycemia and lipidemia. Methods: Nine healthy young Japanese women were enrolled. At each session, the subjects ingested one of three beverages containing fat cream (OFTT™ cream, 1 g/kg body weight, 0.35 g/kg as fat) and/or amino acid mixture (Amizet B™, 600 mg/kg body weight, 60 mg/kg as amino acids) in a randomized crossover design. The three beverages were as follows: fat cream (F trial), amino acid mixture (A trial), or both (FA trial). Venous blood samples were obtained before (0) and 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 h in the A trial, and at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 h after ingestion in the F and FA trials. Results: Fat ingestion increased the secretion of incretins (GIP and GLP-1), but only a weak effect on insulin secretion was observed. Amino acids ingestion had only a weak effect on the secretion of incretins, but synergistically stimulated the insulin secretion induced by fat ingestion. Glucagon showed behavior similar to that of insulin. There were no significant effects of the co-ingestion of amino acids on lipid or lipoprotein metabolism compared to the ingestion of fat alone. All of these phenomena were observed without a change in blood glucose levels. Conclusion: Fat ingestion stimulated mainly the secretion of incretins via intestinal cells, whereas the amino acid ingestion stimulated mainly insulin secretion by directly acting on pancreatic β cells. The co-ingestion of amino acids with fat may improve postchallenge glucose metabolism, but it had little effect on postchallenge lipid or lipoprotein metabolism. VL - 11 IS - 6 ER -
Information
Email: