Spectrum of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Patients with Head Injury in a Nigerian Population

Chukwuani Anselm Ejike; Omiyi David Oselumenosen; Eneje Obinna Franklin

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijpbs.20170204.11

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Spectrum of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Patients with Head Injury in a Nigerian Population

Chukwuani Anselm Ejike, Omiyi David Oselumenosen, Eneje Obinna Franklin

Published in International Journal of Psychological and Brain Sciences (Volume 2, Issue 4)

Received: 16 May 2017 Accepted: 24 May 2017 Published: 7 July 2017

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Abstract

Head injury is a pressing public health concern the world over. Head injury and associated traumatic brain injury (TBI) usually result in neurocognitive impairments and psychological health issues especially when underlying chronic sequalae are not promptly diagnosed and managed. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been found to be the most sensitive imaging modality for the evaluation of lesions secondary to head injury. This study examined the spectrum of MRI findings in head injury cases in a population within South western Nigeria. A prospective study of MRI findings in 163 patients who presented to the radiology department of a foremost teaching hospital in South-western Nigeria with clinical history of head injury was undertaken for a period of 2 years (from January 2015 to December 2016). The following data were obtained and studied: demographic data, clinical history and MRI findings. The MR images were obtained with a 1.5Tesla Siemens MR Scanner. Both T1-weighted and T2-weighted MR imaging protocols were performed for all the patients. The MR images were acquired by the radiographers and interpreted by consultant radiologists. 121 (74.23%) of the subjects were males while 42 (26.76%) were females. Road traffic accident (RTA) (n = 87, 53.37%) was the major cause of head injury sustenance in more than half of the entire cases evaluated. The most common MRI findings are subdural haematoma (n = 41, 25.14%); cerebral contusion (n = 27, 16.56%); subarachnoid haemorrhage (n = 19, 11.65%); cerebral infarction (n = 12, 7.36%); skull fracture (n = 11, 6.74%); cerebral atrophy (n = 10, 6.13%) and multiple sclerosis (n = 7, 4.30%). The least common findings are leucoencephalopathy (n = 5, 3.06%) and retained bullet (n = 5, 3.06%). Magnetic resonance imaging is a paramount imaging modality in the diagnosis of lesions secondary to head injury. Thus the need to make MRI facilities more available in healthcare settings of developing countries, like Nigeria, is re-emphasised.

Published in	International Journal of Psychological and Brain Sciences (Volume 2, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijpbs.20170204.11
Page(s)	92-94
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Head Injuries, Medical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance Imaging

References

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[2]	Eieruda C, Craddockc R, Sean Fletchere, Manek Aulakhe, Brooks King-Casasa. Neuroimaging after mild traumatic brain injury: Review and meta-analysis. NeuroImage: Clinical. 2014; 4: 283–294.
[3]	Zee C and Go J. Imaging of Head Trauma—Neuroimaging Clinics of North America. American Journal of Neuroradiology. 2003; 24: 1725-1726.
[4]	Meehan WP, d'Hemecourt P, Collins C, Comstock RD. Assessment and Management of Sport-Related Concussions in United States High Schools. Am. J. Sports Med. 2011; 20(10).
[5]	Lee B and Newberg A. Neuroimaging in Traumatic Brain Imaging. NeuroRx. 2005; 2(2): 372–383.
[6]	Buttram SD, Garcia-Filion P, Miller J, et al. Computed tomography vs. magnetic resonance imaging for identifying acute lesions in pediatric traumatic brain injury. Hosp. Pediatr. 2015 Feb; 5(2): 79-84.
[7]	Provenzale, James M. Imaging of Traumatic Brain Injury: A Review of the Recent Medical Literature, American Journal of Radiology. 2010; 194: 16–19.
[8]	Anderson T, Heitger M, and Macleod A. D. Concussion and Mild Head Injury. Practical Neurology. 2006; 6: 342-357.
[9]	Yuh E, Mukherjee P, Lingsma H. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Improves 3-Month Outcome Prediction in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. Annals of Neurology. 2013; 73: 224–235.
[10]	Crippen David. Incidence of Head Trauma in the General Populace, Emergency Care. 2008; (50)4: 11.
[11]	Nzegwu M, A study of drivers involved in road traffic accident (RTA) in Benin-city Nigeria: Journal of Medical Sciences and Hospital Management 2005; (1): 25-7.
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[14]	Harvey Levin, Williams David, Howard M Eisenberg, Walter M High Jr, Faustino C Guinto Jr, Serial MRI and neurobehavioural findings after mild to moderate closed head injury, Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2001; 55: 255-262.
[15]	Adams JH, Graham DI, Murray LS, Scott G. Diffuse axonal injury due to nonmissile head injury in humans: An analysis of 45 cases. Annals of Neurology. 2005; 12: 557-63.

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APA Style

Chukwuani Anselm Ejike, Omiyi David Oselumenosen, Eneje Obinna Franklin. (2017). Spectrum of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Patients with Head Injury in a Nigerian Population. International Journal of Psychological and Brain Sciences, 2(4), 92-94. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijpbs.20170204.11

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ACS Style

Chukwuani Anselm Ejike; Omiyi David Oselumenosen; Eneje Obinna Franklin. Spectrum of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Patients with Head Injury in a Nigerian Population. Int. J. Psychol. Brain Sci. 2017, 2(4), 92-94. doi: 10.11648/j.ijpbs.20170204.11

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AMA Style

Chukwuani Anselm Ejike, Omiyi David Oselumenosen, Eneje Obinna Franklin. Spectrum of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Patients with Head Injury in a Nigerian Population. Int J Psychol Brain Sci. 2017;2(4):92-94. doi: 10.11648/j.ijpbs.20170204.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ijpbs.20170204.11,
  author = {Chukwuani Anselm Ejike and Omiyi David Oselumenosen and Eneje Obinna Franklin},
  title = {Spectrum of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Patients with Head Injury in a Nigerian Population},
  journal = {International Journal of Psychological and Brain Sciences},
  volume = {2},
  number = {4},
  pages = {92-94},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijpbs.20170204.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijpbs.20170204.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijpbs.20170204.11},
  abstract = {Head injury is a pressing public health concern the world over. Head injury and associated traumatic brain injury (TBI) usually result in neurocognitive impairments and psychological health issues especially when underlying chronic sequalae are not promptly diagnosed and managed. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been found to be the most sensitive imaging modality for the evaluation of lesions secondary to head injury. This study examined the spectrum of MRI findings in head injury cases in a population within South western Nigeria. A prospective study of MRI findings in 163 patients who presented to the radiology department of a foremost teaching hospital in South-western Nigeria with clinical history of head injury was undertaken for a period of 2 years (from January 2015 to December 2016). The following data were obtained and studied: demographic data, clinical history and MRI findings. The MR images were obtained with a 1.5Tesla Siemens MR Scanner. Both T1-weighted and T2-weighted MR imaging protocols were performed for all the patients. The MR images were acquired by the radiographers and interpreted by consultant radiologists. 121 (74.23%) of the subjects were males while 42 (26.76%) were females. Road traffic accident (RTA) (n = 87, 53.37%) was the major cause of head injury sustenance in more than half of the entire cases evaluated. The most common MRI findings are subdural haematoma (n = 41, 25.14%); cerebral contusion (n = 27, 16.56%); subarachnoid haemorrhage (n = 19, 11.65%); cerebral infarction (n = 12, 7.36%); skull fracture (n = 11, 6.74%); cerebral atrophy (n = 10, 6.13%) and multiple sclerosis (n = 7, 4.30%). The least common findings are leucoencephalopathy (n = 5, 3.06%) and retained bullet (n = 5, 3.06%). Magnetic resonance imaging is a paramount imaging modality in the diagnosis of lesions secondary to head injury. Thus the need to make MRI facilities more available in healthcare settings of developing countries, like Nigeria, is re-emphasised.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Spectrum of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Patients with Head Injury in a Nigerian Population
AU  - Chukwuani Anselm Ejike
AU  - Omiyi David Oselumenosen
AU  - Eneje Obinna Franklin
Y1  - 2017/07/07
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijpbs.20170204.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijpbs.20170204.11
T2  - International Journal of Psychological and Brain Sciences
JF  - International Journal of Psychological and Brain Sciences
JO  - International Journal of Psychological and Brain Sciences
SP  - 92
EP  - 94
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1573
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijpbs.20170204.11
AB  - Head injury is a pressing public health concern the world over. Head injury and associated traumatic brain injury (TBI) usually result in neurocognitive impairments and psychological health issues especially when underlying chronic sequalae are not promptly diagnosed and managed. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been found to be the most sensitive imaging modality for the evaluation of lesions secondary to head injury. This study examined the spectrum of MRI findings in head injury cases in a population within South western Nigeria. A prospective study of MRI findings in 163 patients who presented to the radiology department of a foremost teaching hospital in South-western Nigeria with clinical history of head injury was undertaken for a period of 2 years (from January 2015 to December 2016). The following data were obtained and studied: demographic data, clinical history and MRI findings. The MR images were obtained with a 1.5Tesla Siemens MR Scanner. Both T1-weighted and T2-weighted MR imaging protocols were performed for all the patients. The MR images were acquired by the radiographers and interpreted by consultant radiologists. 121 (74.23%) of the subjects were males while 42 (26.76%) were females. Road traffic accident (RTA) (n = 87, 53.37%) was the major cause of head injury sustenance in more than half of the entire cases evaluated. The most common MRI findings are subdural haematoma (n = 41, 25.14%); cerebral contusion (n = 27, 16.56%); subarachnoid haemorrhage (n = 19, 11.65%); cerebral infarction (n = 12, 7.36%); skull fracture (n = 11, 6.74%); cerebral atrophy (n = 10, 6.13%) and multiple sclerosis (n = 7, 4.30%). The least common findings are leucoencephalopathy (n = 5, 3.06%) and retained bullet (n = 5, 3.06%). Magnetic resonance imaging is a paramount imaging modality in the diagnosis of lesions secondary to head injury. Thus the need to make MRI facilities more available in healthcare settings of developing countries, like Nigeria, is re-emphasised.
VL  - 2
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Chukwuani Anselm Ejike

Department of Radiology, Reddington Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
Omiyi David Oselumenosen

Department of Radiation Biology, Radiotherapy, Radiodiagnosis and Radiography, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
Eneje Obinna Franklin

Department of Radiology, Garki General Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria

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APA Style

Chukwuani Anselm Ejike, Omiyi David Oselumenosen, Eneje Obinna Franklin. (2017). Spectrum of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Patients with Head Injury in a Nigerian Population. International Journal of Psychological and Brain Sciences, 2(4), 92-94. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijpbs.20170204.11

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ACS Style

Chukwuani Anselm Ejike; Omiyi David Oselumenosen; Eneje Obinna Franklin. Spectrum of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Patients with Head Injury in a Nigerian Population. Int. J. Psychol. Brain Sci. 2017, 2(4), 92-94. doi: 10.11648/j.ijpbs.20170204.11

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AMA Style

Chukwuani Anselm Ejike, Omiyi David Oselumenosen, Eneje Obinna Franklin. Spectrum of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Patients with Head Injury in a Nigerian Population. Int J Psychol Brain Sci. 2017;2(4):92-94. doi: 10.11648/j.ijpbs.20170204.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijpbs.20170204.11,
  author = {Chukwuani Anselm Ejike and Omiyi David Oselumenosen and Eneje Obinna Franklin},
  title = {Spectrum of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Patients with Head Injury in a Nigerian Population},
  journal = {International Journal of Psychological and Brain Sciences},
  volume = {2},
  number = {4},
  pages = {92-94},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijpbs.20170204.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijpbs.20170204.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijpbs.20170204.11},
  abstract = {Head injury is a pressing public health concern the world over. Head injury and associated traumatic brain injury (TBI) usually result in neurocognitive impairments and psychological health issues especially when underlying chronic sequalae are not promptly diagnosed and managed. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been found to be the most sensitive imaging modality for the evaluation of lesions secondary to head injury. This study examined the spectrum of MRI findings in head injury cases in a population within South western Nigeria. A prospective study of MRI findings in 163 patients who presented to the radiology department of a foremost teaching hospital in South-western Nigeria with clinical history of head injury was undertaken for a period of 2 years (from January 2015 to December 2016). The following data were obtained and studied: demographic data, clinical history and MRI findings. The MR images were obtained with a 1.5Tesla Siemens MR Scanner. Both T1-weighted and T2-weighted MR imaging protocols were performed for all the patients. The MR images were acquired by the radiographers and interpreted by consultant radiologists. 121 (74.23%) of the subjects were males while 42 (26.76%) were females. Road traffic accident (RTA) (n = 87, 53.37%) was the major cause of head injury sustenance in more than half of the entire cases evaluated. The most common MRI findings are subdural haematoma (n = 41, 25.14%); cerebral contusion (n = 27, 16.56%); subarachnoid haemorrhage (n = 19, 11.65%); cerebral infarction (n = 12, 7.36%); skull fracture (n = 11, 6.74%); cerebral atrophy (n = 10, 6.13%) and multiple sclerosis (n = 7, 4.30%). The least common findings are leucoencephalopathy (n = 5, 3.06%) and retained bullet (n = 5, 3.06%). Magnetic resonance imaging is a paramount imaging modality in the diagnosis of lesions secondary to head injury. Thus the need to make MRI facilities more available in healthcare settings of developing countries, like Nigeria, is re-emphasised.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Spectrum of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Patients with Head Injury in a Nigerian Population
AU  - Chukwuani Anselm Ejike
AU  - Omiyi David Oselumenosen
AU  - Eneje Obinna Franklin
Y1  - 2017/07/07
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijpbs.20170204.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijpbs.20170204.11
T2  - International Journal of Psychological and Brain Sciences
JF  - International Journal of Psychological and Brain Sciences
JO  - International Journal of Psychological and Brain Sciences
SP  - 92
EP  - 94
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1573
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijpbs.20170204.11
AB  - Head injury is a pressing public health concern the world over. Head injury and associated traumatic brain injury (TBI) usually result in neurocognitive impairments and psychological health issues especially when underlying chronic sequalae are not promptly diagnosed and managed. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been found to be the most sensitive imaging modality for the evaluation of lesions secondary to head injury. This study examined the spectrum of MRI findings in head injury cases in a population within South western Nigeria. A prospective study of MRI findings in 163 patients who presented to the radiology department of a foremost teaching hospital in South-western Nigeria with clinical history of head injury was undertaken for a period of 2 years (from January 2015 to December 2016). The following data were obtained and studied: demographic data, clinical history and MRI findings. The MR images were obtained with a 1.5Tesla Siemens MR Scanner. Both T1-weighted and T2-weighted MR imaging protocols were performed for all the patients. The MR images were acquired by the radiographers and interpreted by consultant radiologists. 121 (74.23%) of the subjects were males while 42 (26.76%) were females. Road traffic accident (RTA) (n = 87, 53.37%) was the major cause of head injury sustenance in more than half of the entire cases evaluated. The most common MRI findings are subdural haematoma (n = 41, 25.14%); cerebral contusion (n = 27, 16.56%); subarachnoid haemorrhage (n = 19, 11.65%); cerebral infarction (n = 12, 7.36%); skull fracture (n = 11, 6.74%); cerebral atrophy (n = 10, 6.13%) and multiple sclerosis (n = 7, 4.30%). The least common findings are leucoencephalopathy (n = 5, 3.06%) and retained bullet (n = 5, 3.06%). Magnetic resonance imaging is a paramount imaging modality in the diagnosis of lesions secondary to head injury. Thus the need to make MRI facilities more available in healthcare settings of developing countries, like Nigeria, is re-emphasised.
VL  - 2
IS  - 4
ER  -

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