<i>Allium sativum L</i> as Olfactory Indicators for Acid-Base Olfactory Titration for Visually Impaired Chemistry Students

Andy Nyako Moses

doi:doi:10.11648/j.innov.20230401.12

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Allium sativum L as Olfactory Indicators for Acid-Base Olfactory Titration for Visually Impaired Chemistry Students

Andy Nyako Moses

Published in Innovation (Volume 4, Issue 1)

Received: 17 May 2023 Accepted: 5 June 2023 Published: 15 June 2023

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Abstract

The study investigated Allium sativum L bulbs extracts as olfactory indicator for visually impaired Chemistry students as an alternative to Methyl orange and Phenolphthalein. In this study, concentrations of 0.1M, 0.5M, 1M and 2M HCl and NaOH were used for the Olfactory Titration using Allium sativum L olfactory indicator extracts, Methyl orange and Phenolphthalein. The results of the study revealed that the mean titre values for olfactory titration of 0.1M HCl and 0.1M NaOH using Allium sativum L olfactory indicator and Methyl orange were 13.000 and 0.000 with S. D Error of 0.000, signifying that Allium sativum L olfactory indicator, for this study cannot conveniently replace Methyl orange in 0.1M HCl: 0.1 M NaOH olfactory titration. The mean titre values for the Allium sativum L indicator used for olfactory titration of 0.5M HCl: 0.5M NaOH showed a great significant difference. For the olfactory titration of 1M HCl: 1M NaOH, the mean titre values of 3.0667 for Allium sativum L olfactory indicator; 3.2000 for Phenolphthalein and 3.1333 for Methyl orange indicators were recorded. The results revealed an almost total agreement, signifying that at a molar concentration of 1, Allium sativum L olfactory indicators can equivocally replace Phenolphthalein and Methyl orange indicators. Interestingly, the mean titre values for olfactory titration of 2M HCl: 2M NaOH using olfactory indicators and Phenolphthalein were, Allium sativum L = 5.000 and Phenolphthalein = 5:000, showing that Allium sativum L can be used as an alternative to Phenolphthalein indicator for concentrations of 2M. For the same 2M, the mean titre value for using Methyl orange was 24:000, almost 5x>the two indicators. Thus there is a very significant difference in the mean titre values of Allium sativum L olfactory indicators and that of Methyl orange. It is also concluded that the use of Allium sativum L bulbs extracts as olfactory indicators is of great economic benefits as it is affordable, bioavailable, bioactive, ecofriendly, ease of preparation, non-carcinogenic and gives accuracy and very near or same precision with visual indicators.. The Allium sativum L indicators gives a strong and more stringent steady ordour at completion of the reaction.

Published in	Innovation (Volume 4, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.innov.20230401.12
Page(s)	8-13
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Allium sativum L, Olfactory Indicator, Acid-Base Olfactory Titration, Methyl Orange, Phenolphthalein

References

[1]	Angewandte, E. (1992). The Chemistry of Garlic. Chemie, International Edition in English, 31, 1101-1264.
[2]	Aryan, T. (2023). Olfactory Indicators. Https://protonstalk./olfactory.Retrieved online on 03062023
[3]	ChemBAM:-Olfactory Titration Experiment. https://chembam.com.olfactory-tit.Retrieved online on 03-06-2023
[4]	Dirsch, V. M., Gerbes, A. L., and Vollmar, A. M. Ajoene. (1998):- A Compound of Garlic, induces apoptosis in human Promyeloleukemic cells, accompanied by Generation of reactive oxygen species and activation of nuclear factor Kappa B. Mol. Pharmacol; 53 (3): 402-407.
[5]	Kerry, N., Maria, T. O., Connie, Q. and Nicole, R. (2005): - A Closer Look at Acid–Base Olfactory Titrations. Journal of Chemical Education 82 (4) 607.
[6]	Lakhmir, S. (2019). What is olfactory indicator? https://www.lidolearning.com/questions/sc.bb.g10-lakhmir-ch2_ex1_17/what-i.2019
[7]	Mahyar, D., Armin, Z. and Hossein, H., (2021). Onion (Allium cepa) and its Main Constituents as Antidotes or Protective Agents against Natural or Chemical Toxicities: - A Comprehensive Review. Iran J. Pharm Res. 20 (1): 3-26.
[8]	Mark, N. F and William, N. S. (1990). An Olfactory Indicator for Acid-Base Titration: - A Laboratory Technique for the Visually Impaired.
[9]	Moses, A. N. and Gideon, E. (2014). Comparison of Olfactory Titration and Normal Acid-Base Titration Indicator in Teaching Volumetric Analysis in Senior Secondary Schools. Unpublished N. C. E. Project, C. O. E. Zing, Taraba State, Nigeria.
[10]	Moses, A. N. and Sofeme, R. J. (2015). Use of Allium Cepa (Red Onion Skin) Extract as Indicator Alternate In Acid – Base Titrimetric Analysis. IMPACT: International Journal of Research in Applied, Natural and Social Sciences (IMPACT: IJRANSS) ISSN (E): 2321-8851; ISSN (P): 2347-4580 Vol. 3, Issue 7, Jul 2015, 17-22.
[11]	MSTET Varg2Science (2019). Olfactory Indicators. Acess online 06-04-2023.
[12]	Nhapi, C. T. (2016). Application of Eichhornia crassipes root extract as an acid-base indicator. Degree of Bachelor of Science Honours in Chemical Technology, Midlands State University, 1-82.
[13]	Royal Society of Chemistry Education:- Chemistry Stinks-Olfactory indicators experiments:- https://edu.rsc.org,2027..Retrieved online on 03062023
[14]	Sintayehu, L. and Baye, H. (2020). Extraction of Green Acid-Base Indicators from Acanthus Pubescens Flower for Use in the School Laboratory. International Journal of Chemistry; Vol. 12, No. 2; 35-43.
[15]	Timothy, W. C. (2007). Physiological Factors Affecting Onion (Allium cepa L.) Storability: Cultural Methods For Improving Postharvest Quality A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of University of Georgia in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PHD), University of Georgia; dantu.com/qu.2023.
[16]	Wood, J. T. and Robert, M. E. (1996). Olfactory Titration. J. Chem Educ 73, 3.257.

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Andy Nyako Moses. (2023). Allium sativum L as Olfactory Indicators for Acid-Base Olfactory Titration for Visually Impaired Chemistry Students. Innovation, 4(1), 8-13. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.innov.20230401.12

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Andy Nyako Moses. Allium sativum L as Olfactory Indicators for Acid-Base Olfactory Titration for Visually Impaired Chemistry Students. Innovation. 2023, 4(1), 8-13. doi: 10.11648/j.innov.20230401.12

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AMA Style

Andy Nyako Moses. Allium sativum L as Olfactory Indicators for Acid-Base Olfactory Titration for Visually Impaired Chemistry Students. Innovation. 2023;4(1):8-13. doi: 10.11648/j.innov.20230401.12

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@article{10.11648/j.innov.20230401.12,
  author = {Andy Nyako Moses},
  title = {Allium sativum L as Olfactory Indicators for Acid-Base Olfactory Titration for Visually Impaired Chemistry Students},
  journal = {Innovation},
  volume = {4},
  number = {1},
  pages = {8-13},
  doi = {10.11648/j.innov.20230401.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.innov.20230401.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.innov.20230401.12},
  abstract = {The study investigated Allium sativum L bulbs extracts as olfactory indicator for visually impaired Chemistry students as an alternative to Methyl orange and Phenolphthalein. In this study, concentrations of 0.1M, 0.5M, 1M and 2M HCl and NaOH were used for the Olfactory Titration using Allium sativum L olfactory indicator extracts, Methyl orange and Phenolphthalein. The results of the study revealed that the mean titre values for olfactory titration of 0.1M HCl and 0.1M NaOH using Allium sativum L olfactory indicator and Methyl orange were 13.000 and 0.000 with S. D Error of 0.000, signifying that Allium sativum L olfactory indicator, for this study cannot conveniently replace Methyl orange in 0.1M HCl: 0.1 M NaOH olfactory titration. The mean titre values for the Allium sativum L indicator used for olfactory titration of 0.5M HCl: 0.5M NaOH showed a great significant difference. For the olfactory titration of 1M HCl: 1M NaOH, the mean titre values of 3.0667 for Allium sativum L olfactory indicator; 3.2000 for Phenolphthalein and 3.1333 for Methyl orange indicators were recorded. The results revealed an almost total agreement, signifying that at a molar concentration of 1, Allium sativum L olfactory indicators can equivocally replace Phenolphthalein and Methyl orange indicators. Interestingly, the mean titre values for olfactory titration of 2M HCl: 2M NaOH using olfactory indicators and Phenolphthalein were, Allium sativum L = 5.000 and Phenolphthalein = 5:000, showing that Allium sativum L can be used as an alternative to Phenolphthalein indicator for concentrations of 2M. For the same 2M, the mean titre value for using Methyl orange was 24:000, almost 5x>the two indicators. Thus there is a very significant difference in the mean titre values of Allium sativum L olfactory indicators and that of Methyl orange. It is also concluded that the use of Allium sativum L bulbs extracts as olfactory indicators is of great economic benefits as it is affordable, bioavailable, bioactive, ecofriendly, ease of preparation, non-carcinogenic and gives accuracy and very near or same precision with visual indicators.. The Allium sativum L indicators gives a strong and more stringent steady ordour at completion of the reaction.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Allium sativum L as Olfactory Indicators for Acid-Base Olfactory Titration for Visually Impaired Chemistry Students
AU  - Andy Nyako Moses
Y1  - 2023/06/15
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.innov.20230401.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.innov.20230401.12
T2  - Innovation
JF  - Innovation
JO  - Innovation
SP  - 8
EP  - 13
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2994-7138
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.innov.20230401.12
AB  - The study investigated Allium sativum L bulbs extracts as olfactory indicator for visually impaired Chemistry students as an alternative to Methyl orange and Phenolphthalein. In this study, concentrations of 0.1M, 0.5M, 1M and 2M HCl and NaOH were used for the Olfactory Titration using Allium sativum L olfactory indicator extracts, Methyl orange and Phenolphthalein. The results of the study revealed that the mean titre values for olfactory titration of 0.1M HCl and 0.1M NaOH using Allium sativum L olfactory indicator and Methyl orange were 13.000 and 0.000 with S. D Error of 0.000, signifying that Allium sativum L olfactory indicator, for this study cannot conveniently replace Methyl orange in 0.1M HCl: 0.1 M NaOH olfactory titration. The mean titre values for the Allium sativum L indicator used for olfactory titration of 0.5M HCl: 0.5M NaOH showed a great significant difference. For the olfactory titration of 1M HCl: 1M NaOH, the mean titre values of 3.0667 for Allium sativum L olfactory indicator; 3.2000 for Phenolphthalein and 3.1333 for Methyl orange indicators were recorded. The results revealed an almost total agreement, signifying that at a molar concentration of 1, Allium sativum L olfactory indicators can equivocally replace Phenolphthalein and Methyl orange indicators. Interestingly, the mean titre values for olfactory titration of 2M HCl: 2M NaOH using olfactory indicators and Phenolphthalein were, Allium sativum L = 5.000 and Phenolphthalein = 5:000, showing that Allium sativum L can be used as an alternative to Phenolphthalein indicator for concentrations of 2M. For the same 2M, the mean titre value for using Methyl orange was 24:000, almost 5x>the two indicators. Thus there is a very significant difference in the mean titre values of Allium sativum L olfactory indicators and that of Methyl orange. It is also concluded that the use of Allium sativum L bulbs extracts as olfactory indicators is of great economic benefits as it is affordable, bioavailable, bioactive, ecofriendly, ease of preparation, non-carcinogenic and gives accuracy and very near or same precision with visual indicators.. The Allium sativum L indicators gives a strong and more stringent steady ordour at completion of the reaction.
VL  - 4
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Andy Nyako Moses

Department of Chemistry, College of Education, Zing, Nigeria

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APA Style

Andy Nyako Moses. (2023). Allium sativum L as Olfactory Indicators for Acid-Base Olfactory Titration for Visually Impaired Chemistry Students. Innovation, 4(1), 8-13. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.innov.20230401.12

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ACS Style

Andy Nyako Moses. Allium sativum L as Olfactory Indicators for Acid-Base Olfactory Titration for Visually Impaired Chemistry Students. Innovation. 2023, 4(1), 8-13. doi: 10.11648/j.innov.20230401.12

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AMA Style

Andy Nyako Moses. Allium sativum L as Olfactory Indicators for Acid-Base Olfactory Titration for Visually Impaired Chemistry Students. Innovation. 2023;4(1):8-13. doi: 10.11648/j.innov.20230401.12

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@article{10.11648/j.innov.20230401.12,
  author = {Andy Nyako Moses},
  title = {Allium sativum L as Olfactory Indicators for Acid-Base Olfactory Titration for Visually Impaired Chemistry Students},
  journal = {Innovation},
  volume = {4},
  number = {1},
  pages = {8-13},
  doi = {10.11648/j.innov.20230401.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.innov.20230401.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.innov.20230401.12},
  abstract = {The study investigated Allium sativum L bulbs extracts as olfactory indicator for visually impaired Chemistry students as an alternative to Methyl orange and Phenolphthalein. In this study, concentrations of 0.1M, 0.5M, 1M and 2M HCl and NaOH were used for the Olfactory Titration using Allium sativum L olfactory indicator extracts, Methyl orange and Phenolphthalein. The results of the study revealed that the mean titre values for olfactory titration of 0.1M HCl and 0.1M NaOH using Allium sativum L olfactory indicator and Methyl orange were 13.000 and 0.000 with S. D Error of 0.000, signifying that Allium sativum L olfactory indicator, for this study cannot conveniently replace Methyl orange in 0.1M HCl: 0.1 M NaOH olfactory titration. The mean titre values for the Allium sativum L indicator used for olfactory titration of 0.5M HCl: 0.5M NaOH showed a great significant difference. For the olfactory titration of 1M HCl: 1M NaOH, the mean titre values of 3.0667 for Allium sativum L olfactory indicator; 3.2000 for Phenolphthalein and 3.1333 for Methyl orange indicators were recorded. The results revealed an almost total agreement, signifying that at a molar concentration of 1, Allium sativum L olfactory indicators can equivocally replace Phenolphthalein and Methyl orange indicators. Interestingly, the mean titre values for olfactory titration of 2M HCl: 2M NaOH using olfactory indicators and Phenolphthalein were, Allium sativum L = 5.000 and Phenolphthalein = 5:000, showing that Allium sativum L can be used as an alternative to Phenolphthalein indicator for concentrations of 2M. For the same 2M, the mean titre value for using Methyl orange was 24:000, almost 5x>the two indicators. Thus there is a very significant difference in the mean titre values of Allium sativum L olfactory indicators and that of Methyl orange. It is also concluded that the use of Allium sativum L bulbs extracts as olfactory indicators is of great economic benefits as it is affordable, bioavailable, bioactive, ecofriendly, ease of preparation, non-carcinogenic and gives accuracy and very near or same precision with visual indicators.. The Allium sativum L indicators gives a strong and more stringent steady ordour at completion of the reaction.},
 year = {2023}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Allium sativum L as Olfactory Indicators for Acid-Base Olfactory Titration for Visually Impaired Chemistry Students
AU  - Andy Nyako Moses
Y1  - 2023/06/15
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.innov.20230401.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.innov.20230401.12
T2  - Innovation
JF  - Innovation
JO  - Innovation
SP  - 8
EP  - 13
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2994-7138
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.innov.20230401.12
AB  - The study investigated Allium sativum L bulbs extracts as olfactory indicator for visually impaired Chemistry students as an alternative to Methyl orange and Phenolphthalein. In this study, concentrations of 0.1M, 0.5M, 1M and 2M HCl and NaOH were used for the Olfactory Titration using Allium sativum L olfactory indicator extracts, Methyl orange and Phenolphthalein. The results of the study revealed that the mean titre values for olfactory titration of 0.1M HCl and 0.1M NaOH using Allium sativum L olfactory indicator and Methyl orange were 13.000 and 0.000 with S. D Error of 0.000, signifying that Allium sativum L olfactory indicator, for this study cannot conveniently replace Methyl orange in 0.1M HCl: 0.1 M NaOH olfactory titration. The mean titre values for the Allium sativum L indicator used for olfactory titration of 0.5M HCl: 0.5M NaOH showed a great significant difference. For the olfactory titration of 1M HCl: 1M NaOH, the mean titre values of 3.0667 for Allium sativum L olfactory indicator; 3.2000 for Phenolphthalein and 3.1333 for Methyl orange indicators were recorded. The results revealed an almost total agreement, signifying that at a molar concentration of 1, Allium sativum L olfactory indicators can equivocally replace Phenolphthalein and Methyl orange indicators. Interestingly, the mean titre values for olfactory titration of 2M HCl: 2M NaOH using olfactory indicators and Phenolphthalein were, Allium sativum L = 5.000 and Phenolphthalein = 5:000, showing that Allium sativum L can be used as an alternative to Phenolphthalein indicator for concentrations of 2M. For the same 2M, the mean titre value for using Methyl orange was 24:000, almost 5x>the two indicators. Thus there is a very significant difference in the mean titre values of Allium sativum L olfactory indicators and that of Methyl orange. It is also concluded that the use of Allium sativum L bulbs extracts as olfactory indicators is of great economic benefits as it is affordable, bioavailable, bioactive, ecofriendly, ease of preparation, non-carcinogenic and gives accuracy and very near or same precision with visual indicators.. The Allium sativum L indicators gives a strong and more stringent steady ordour at completion of the reaction.
VL  - 4
IS  - 1
ER  -

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