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Formation and Facet Less Immersion of Discrete Al-Si Areas on Unpolished Wafers in Silicon Thermomigration Technology

Received: 30 September 2025     Accepted: 31 January 2026     Published: 11 February 2026
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Abstract

The paper considers the technology of thermal migration for the formation of a through-layer insulation of individual crystals in the manufacture of power electronics devices. The initial Al-Si layer for the thermal migration process is formed in SiO2 windows from the Al melt and the surface disordered Si layer dissolved in it. Selective dissolution of Si occurs when the surface of the moving wafer sequentially contacts the Al melt ribbon, where the convection flows of the melt remove the dissolved Si atoms to the melt volume. In the process, it is possible to control the thickness of the Al-Si melt formed in the SiO2 windows. The formation of the p+-Si*(Al) layer, which is deposited during recrystallization from the Al-Si melt during the cooling of the wafers, the high concentration of Si and the homogeneity of the Al-Si layer ensure the isotropic nature of the dissolution process and, accordingly, the faceless immersion of the discrete zone during the subsequent thermal migration process. The observed change in the polarity of the brightness contrast of the surfaces of the discrete zone and adjacent silicon in the temperature range of 1100-1130°C allows us to control the beginning of the high-temperature immersion process. The article also shows the dependence of the thickness of the Al-Si layer on the parameters of its formation process.

Published in Science Discovery Materials (Volume 1, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.sdm.20260101.12
Page(s) 25-33
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2026. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Melting Al, Dissolving Si, Forming Al-Si, Recrystalization, Thermomigration

References
[1] V. N. Lozovsky, L. S. Lunin, V. P. Popov, Temperature-gradient zone recrystallization of semiconductor materials, 232 p., Metallurgiya, Moscow, 1987. Google Scholar
[2] Anthony T. R., Boah J. K., Chang M. F., Cline H. E. Thermomigration processing of isolation grids in power structures – IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, 1976, v. 23, No 8, 818-823.
[3] Chang M., Kennedy R. The application of temperature gradient zone melting to silicon wafer processing. - J. Electrochem. Soc., 1981, v.128, No 10, 2193-2198.
[4] Morillon B. еt al. Realization2 of a SCR on an epitaxial substrate using Al thermomigration - ESSDERC 2002, 327-330.
[5] Lischner D. J., Basseches H., D’Altroy F. A. Observations of the Temperature gradient zone melting process for isolating small devices – J. Electrochem. Soc., 1985, v.132, No 12, 2997-3001.
[6] Lozovsky V. N., Seredin B., Polukhin O. S., A. Solodovnik, Equipment for the production of silicon structures by the thermomigration method. Electronic Engineering, Series 2, Semiconductor devices, 2015, Issue 5 (239), 65-76.
[7] B. M.Seredin, V. P. Popov, A. N. Zaichenko. Optimizing Conditions for Formation of Local Zones for Thermomigration in Silicon, Solid State Phenomena, 2017, vol 265, 839-844.
[8] Kravchyna V. V., Polukhin O. S., Thermomigration for technology of powerful semiconductors appliances // Radio Electronics, Computer Science, Control, 2018, No 3, 16-24.
[9] Polukhin O. S., Kravchyna V. V., Thermomigration of non-oriented aluminium-rich liquid zones through (110) silicon wafers. Technology and design in electronic equipment, 2021, no. 5–6, 33–40.
[10] Polukhin O. S., Analysis of technological factors of the thermomigration process. Power Electronics, 2013, No.5, 118-120.
[11] L.Ya Malbasheva., V. A. Malibashev, The effect of heat transfer on the stability of growth of epitaxial layer from discrete melt - Сrystallization and crystal properties, Novocherkassk, NPI, 1989, pp. 109-115.
[12] S. Pavlov, O. Voitsekhovska. Technology of microelectronic devices: a textbook, Vinnytsia: VNTU, pр. 10-27, 2017.
[13] Audebert А., Morillon B., Le Borgne B., Gautier G. Optimizing Aluminium/ Silicon Temperature Gradient Zone Melting Process for Power Device Periphery. Conference: 2024 International Semiconductor Conference (CAS) (October 2024).
[14] Polukhin O. S., Kravchуna V. V. Features of the application of sheet termomigration of Al+Si with a three-dimensional liquid zone to form semiconductor power devices. Technology and design in electronic equipment. 2023, no. 1-2, 34–42.
[15] H. E. Cline, T. R. Anthony Thermomigration of aluminum-rich liquid wires through silicon J. Appl. Physics, vol 47, No. 6, June 1976, 2332-2336.
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  • APA Style

    Kravchyna, V., Polukhin, O. (2026). Formation and Facet Less Immersion of Discrete Al-Si Areas on Unpolished Wafers in Silicon Thermomigration Technology. Science Discovery Materials, 1(1), 25-33. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sdm.20260101.12

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    ACS Style

    Kravchyna, V.; Polukhin, O. Formation and Facet Less Immersion of Discrete Al-Si Areas on Unpolished Wafers in Silicon Thermomigration Technology. Sci. Discov. Mater. 2026, 1(1), 25-33. doi: 10.11648/j.sdm.20260101.12

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    AMA Style

    Kravchyna V, Polukhin O. Formation and Facet Less Immersion of Discrete Al-Si Areas on Unpolished Wafers in Silicon Thermomigration Technology. Sci Discov Mater. 2026;1(1):25-33. doi: 10.11648/j.sdm.20260101.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.sdm.20260101.12,
      author = {Vitalii Kravchyna and Oleksii Polukhin},
      title = {Formation and Facet Less Immersion of Discrete Al-Si Areas on Unpolished Wafers in Silicon Thermomigration Technology},
      journal = {Science Discovery Materials},
      volume = {1},
      number = {1},
      pages = {25-33},
      doi = {10.11648/j.sdm.20260101.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sdm.20260101.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sdm.20260101.12},
      abstract = {The paper considers the technology of thermal migration for the formation of a through-layer insulation of individual crystals in the manufacture of power electronics devices. The initial Al-Si layer for the thermal migration process is formed in SiO2 windows from the Al melt and the surface disordered Si layer dissolved in it. Selective dissolution of Si occurs when the surface of the moving wafer sequentially contacts the Al melt ribbon, where the convection flows of the melt remove the dissolved Si atoms to the melt volume. In the process, it is possible to control the thickness of the Al-Si melt formed in the SiO2 windows. The formation of the p+-Si*(Al) layer, which is deposited during recrystallization from the Al-Si melt during the cooling of the wafers, the high concentration of Si and the homogeneity of the Al-Si layer ensure the isotropic nature of the dissolution process and, accordingly, the faceless immersion of the discrete zone during the subsequent thermal migration process. The observed change in the polarity of the brightness contrast of the surfaces of the discrete zone and adjacent silicon in the temperature range of 1100-1130°C allows us to control the beginning of the high-temperature immersion process. The article also shows the dependence of the thickness of the Al-Si layer on the parameters of its formation process.},
     year = {2026}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Formation and Facet Less Immersion of Discrete Al-Si Areas on Unpolished Wafers in Silicon Thermomigration Technology
    AU  - Vitalii Kravchyna
    AU  - Oleksii Polukhin
    Y1  - 2026/02/11
    PY  - 2026
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sdm.20260101.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.sdm.20260101.12
    T2  - Science Discovery Materials
    JF  - Science Discovery Materials
    JO  - Science Discovery Materials
    SP  - 25
    EP  - 33
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sdm.20260101.12
    AB  - The paper considers the technology of thermal migration for the formation of a through-layer insulation of individual crystals in the manufacture of power electronics devices. The initial Al-Si layer for the thermal migration process is formed in SiO2 windows from the Al melt and the surface disordered Si layer dissolved in it. Selective dissolution of Si occurs when the surface of the moving wafer sequentially contacts the Al melt ribbon, where the convection flows of the melt remove the dissolved Si atoms to the melt volume. In the process, it is possible to control the thickness of the Al-Si melt formed in the SiO2 windows. The formation of the p+-Si*(Al) layer, which is deposited during recrystallization from the Al-Si melt during the cooling of the wafers, the high concentration of Si and the homogeneity of the Al-Si layer ensure the isotropic nature of the dissolution process and, accordingly, the faceless immersion of the discrete zone during the subsequent thermal migration process. The observed change in the polarity of the brightness contrast of the surfaces of the discrete zone and adjacent silicon in the temperature range of 1100-1130°C allows us to control the beginning of the high-temperature immersion process. The article also shows the dependence of the thickness of the Al-Si layer on the parameters of its formation process.
    VL  - 1
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Electronic Information Systems and Software, Engineering Educational Scientific Institute Named After Yu.M. Potebnia Zaporizhia National University, Zaporizhia, Ukraine

  • Department of Electronic Information Systems and Software, Engineering Educational Scientific Institute Named After Yu.M. Potebnia Zaporizhia National University, Zaporizhia, Ukraine

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