Effect of Water Depth and Temperature on the Productivity of a Double Slope Solar Still
T. A. Babalola,
A. O. Boyo,
R. O. Kesinro
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 1, February 2015
Pages:
1-4
Received:
20 November 2014
Accepted:
9 December 2014
Published:
12 January 2015
Abstract: Drinkable water is a basic necessity for humanity, and the increase in human population growth has led to water pollution to the surface and underground water reservoirs. In order to meet the increasing demand for potable water, researchers have developed various technologies to meet this target. Solar distillation is a technology suitable for producing distilled water from brackish water. This is achieved by the use of a solar still. A solar still is a simple solar device used in converting salt/brackish water into potable water. In this research, the productivity of water by a double slope solar still was determined by varying the water depth and surrounding temperature for nine days in the premises of Lagos State University, Ojo, Nigeria at 6.5oN, 3.35oE. In this research embarked upon, it was observed that at a depth of 2.0cm the maximum output of the solar still was obtained and a maximum efficiency of 25.3%.
Abstract: Drinkable water is a basic necessity for humanity, and the increase in human population growth has led to water pollution to the surface and underground water reservoirs. In order to meet the increasing demand for potable water, researchers have developed various technologies to meet this target. Solar distillation is a technology suitable for prod...
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A Comparison between Statistical Analysis and Grey Model Analysis on Assessed Parameters of Petroleum Potential from Organic Materials
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 1, February 2015
Pages:
5-26
Received:
29 December 2014
Accepted:
20 January 2015
Published:
30 January 2015
Abstract: This study aims to investigate the impact of changes in the Tmax and Ro% on the assessed parameters (S1, S2, S1+S2, HI, QI, BI, PI, TOC) of petroleum potential of organic materials. The samples studied include coals and coaly shales of Mushan Formation, Shihti Formation and Nanchuang Formation in NW Taiwan, coals and an oil shale from Mainland China, the well-drilled chip samples from NW Australia, in addition to the data of samples were included from literatures. This work will get on the detecting data of 10 parameters (S1, S2, S1+S2, TOC, HI, QI, BI, PI, Ro%, Tmax) and progressing statistical analysis, and focus the study on comparison between grey forecast of grey relational grade and regression model forecast. The results from statistical analysis (include temperature-treated samples were individually subjected to Rock-Eval analysis) of the all parameters data for all samples in this research project, not only be executed a linear regression, curve regression between any two parameters, and multivariate regression, but also be carried on the forecast of grey correlation grade of grey theory (include grey relational generating (Nominal-the-better-:Ro%; Larger-the-better-: Tmax, HI, QI, BI, S2, S1+ S2, S1; smaller-the-better-: TOC, PI) and globalization grey relational grade). So far, obtain roughly the consistency of results from two type predictive analysis. The constructed HI, QI and BI bands were broad at low maturities and gradually narrowed with increasing thermal maturity. The petroleum generation potential is completely exhausted at a vitrinite reflectance of 2.0-2.2% or a Tmax of 510-520°C. An increase in HI and QI suggests extra petroleum potential related to changes in the structure of the organic material. A decline in BI signifies the start of the oil expulsion window and occurs within the vitrinite reflectance range 0.75-1.05 % or a Tmax of 440-455 oC. Furthermore, petroleum potential can be divided into four different parts based on the cross-plot of HI vs. %Ro. The area with the highest petroleum potential is located in sectionⅡ with %Ro=0.6-1.0%, and HI>100. Oil generation potential is rapidly exhausted at section Ⅲ with %Ro >1.0%. This result is in accordance with the regression curve of HI and QI with %Ro based on 97 samples with %Ro=1.0~5.6%.
Abstract: This study aims to investigate the impact of changes in the Tmax and Ro% on the assessed parameters (S1, S2, S1+S2, HI, QI, BI, PI, TOC) of petroleum potential of organic materials. The samples studied include coals and coaly shales of Mushan Formation, Shihti Formation and Nanchuang Formation in NW Taiwan, coals and an oil shale from Mainland Ch...
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