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Effect of Land use Types on Soil Organic Carbon Stock at Sire Morose Sub Watershed, Hidabu Abote District of North Shoa Zone, Central Highland of Ethiopia
Dereje Girma,
Lemma Wogi,
Samuel Feyissa
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, February 2020
Pages:
1-6
Received:
28 January 2020
Accepted:
3 March 2020
Published:
1 April 2020
Abstract: Information about effects of different land use types on soil organic carbon stock is crucial for best land management practices and combating climate change and enhancing ecological restoration. The study was aimed to estimate the effect of land use types on soil organic carbon stock at sire morose sub watershed Hidbuabote district Ethiopia. Three land use types were selected from the sub watershed (Forest, grazing and cultivated land). Undisturbed core and disturbed composite soil samples were collected randomly from three sites with three replications from each land use type at two varying depths (0-20cm and 20-40cm) and subjected to laboratory soil analysis. Heterogeneity in soil C storage was observed across land use types and along soil depth due to disparity in spatial distribution of soil C densities arising from the influences of variations in land use types and management practices. Accordingly, the total mean values soil organic carbon stocks (SOCS) for forest land was 85.97Mg/ha, which was higher than that of grazing land (83.45Mg/ha) and the lowest being that of cultivated land (49.54Mg/ha). Moreover, the average CO2e sink was 315.51 Mg ha-1, 306.26 Mg ha-1 and 181.81Mg ha-1 in soil of the forest, grazing and cultivated land, respectively. Relatively the result shows potential contribution of forestland use types to enhance soil organic carbon stocks and environmental protection.
Abstract: Information about effects of different land use types on soil organic carbon stock is crucial for best land management practices and combating climate change and enhancing ecological restoration. The study was aimed to estimate the effect of land use types on soil organic carbon stock at sire morose sub watershed Hidbuabote district Ethiopia. Three...
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Nutritional Potential and Antnutritional Factors of Plectranthus edulis, Cocciniaabyssinica and Dioscoreaabyssinica Tubers: A Review
Demelash Hailu Mitiku,
Ayana Fikadu Roro
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, February 2020
Pages:
7-13
Received:
31 December 2019
Accepted:
24 February 2020
Published:
13 April 2020
Abstract: In Ethiopia, root and tuber crops play a significant role for food and nutritional security by filling food shortage that might exist until harvest of major crops. The objective was to review the Plectranthus edulis, Cocciniaabyssinica and Dioscoreaabyssinica tubers which are indigenous crops to Ethiopia with good nutritional value and drought tolerance. Plectranthus edulis, Cocciniaabyssinica and Dioscoreaabyssinica are a good sources of carbohydrate, minerals and fiber. Little is known about the contribution of these crops to food and nutritional security, nutritional value and major limiting factors to their wider utilization in Ethiopia. These crops are generally regarded as poor man’s food and remain neglected compared to other food crops in human diet. The anti-nutritional factors available in these indigenous crops can be reduced by different processing methods like fermentation, boiling and cooking to tolerable level. The generated information will give insights for their development, promotion and wider utilization to support food insecurity crises and calorie gap for the fast growing population in Ethiopia. Generally, the Plectranthus edulis, Cocciniaabyssinica and Dioscoreaabyssinica tubers crop have appreciable nutritional composition of foods, minerals, ant nutritional factors and they are also used to maintain the fractured bone of human being. Thus, the crops should be included in people’s daily diet and solve the food insecurity problems in the country. All the stakeholders should give due enphasis to these indegenous crops and process to different food products.
Abstract: In Ethiopia, root and tuber crops play a significant role for food and nutritional security by filling food shortage that might exist until harvest of major crops. The objective was to review the Plectranthus edulis, Cocciniaabyssinica and Dioscoreaabyssinica tubers which are indigenous crops to Ethiopia with good nutritional value and drought tole...
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Green Synthesis and Antibacterial Properties of Silver Nanoparticles Using Sudanese Azadirachta indica Leaves Extract
Ayat Ahmed Alrasheid,
Sahar Hussein Eltilib,
Shimaa Abdel Rahman Ahmed,
Alaa Abdulmoneim Mohamed,
Hiba Abbas Widatalla,
Layla Fathi Yassin,
Maida Musa Ali,
Marvit Osman Widdatallh
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, February 2020
Pages:
14-19
Received:
26 January 2020
Accepted:
19 February 2020
Published:
28 April 2020
Abstract: Nanoparticles have emerged as a key player in modern medicine and involved in drug delivery, it can be manufactured using various approaches including chemical, physical, and biological methods. Nanoparticles are generally characterized by their size, morphology and surface charge using advanced microscopic techniques such as SEM and TEM. This study was aimed for synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticle and to detect their antibacterial activity using Azadirachta indica (Neem) leaves extract. The results showed a visible change of colour after the addition of Neem leaf extract to AgNO3 solution to dark brown which indicates the formation of silver nanoparticle. UV spectrophotometer showed absorbance peak in range of 390-700 nm, the result revealed the highest peak showed by concentration 1 ml at 428.80 nm. SEM and XRD analysis were used to characterize synthesize silver nanoparticles. The antibacterial activity against Gram positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram negative Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp Microorganisms was carried out using disc diffusion method, the results showed that the highest activity was 14 mm against S. aureus. A. indica silver nanoparticles can be used as a new nano drug in formulation and delivery. The synthesized silver nanoparticles are extremely important in various areas of life and are widely used for the benefit of human being.
Abstract: Nanoparticles have emerged as a key player in modern medicine and involved in drug delivery, it can be manufactured using various approaches including chemical, physical, and biological methods. Nanoparticles are generally characterized by their size, morphology and surface charge using advanced microscopic techniques such as SEM and TEM. This stud...
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Biogas Production and Optimization from Leftover Food and Solid Kitchen Wastes
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, February 2020
Pages:
20-30
Received:
23 September 2019
Accepted:
1 April 2020
Published:
28 April 2020
Abstract: Food leftover and solid kitchen waste disposed on open land surface, consequences different problems like air pollution, human health problem, ground water pollution, disturbance of ecosystem etc. For this problem recovering leftover food and solid kitchen waste for biogas production is critical solution. Sustainable energy production is the current issue for non renewable energy crises. The quality biogas determined by factors (temperature, PH, retention time and substrates). The method that determines the quality and quantity of biogas: first Data (leftover food and solid kitchen waste) was collected, characterize, then the slurry solution where prepared. At pH of solution (slurry) adjusted 4.6 – 6.3, at the temperature of Mesophilic range 25 – 40°C). The biogas production procedure: Hydrolysis - Acidogenesis – Acetogenesis – Methanogenesis. the volumew of biogas and CH4 maximization is the objective of this syudies. depending on experiental result output optimization model equation was developed using design expert, central composite method. In this experimental design With the retention time of 29 days, the quality is tested at an different alternatives. From the substrate source of leftover food and solid kitchen wastes, using experimental input, optimization result output from design expert: 63.3% CH4, 27.9% CO2, 0.316% O2 and 3.35L biogas quality and quantity respectively produced, from 1.75L of proportional slurry substrate prepared, at temperature 26.1°C and pH 5.51.
Abstract: Food leftover and solid kitchen waste disposed on open land surface, consequences different problems like air pollution, human health problem, ground water pollution, disturbance of ecosystem etc. For this problem recovering leftover food and solid kitchen waste for biogas production is critical solution. Sustainable energy production is the curren...
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