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Prevalence and Associated Factors of Induced Abortion Among Women of Reproductive Age Group in Gondar Town, Northwest Ethiopia
Mohammed Oumer,
Agmas Manaye
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, May 2019
Pages:
66-73
Received:
28 March 2019
Accepted:
28 April 2019
Published:
27 May 2019
Abstract: Background:Abortion is the termination of pregnancy by the expulsion of a fetus or embryo from the uterus before viability. An estimated 56 million induced abortions occurred worldwide each year. Ethiopia has the fifth highest number of maternal deaths in the world: one in twenty-seven women die from complications of pregnancy and childbirth annually. Objective:To assess the prevalence of induced abortion and associated factors among women of reproductive age group in Gondar Town, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods:A descriptive cross sectional study design was conducted in450 reproductive age women, using a pre-tested and structured questionnaire with face-to-face interview, from January 01 to August 07, 2018. Respondents were randomly selected using systematic random sampling method. Descriptive analysis, binary and multivariable logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Results:In this study, the prevalence rate of induced abortion was 40 per 1000 women, making it higher from the previous national rate of abortion for Ethiopia (28/1000 women aged 15-44). Among respondents those are committing induced abortions, 83.33% was safe abortion. Factors like women’s age at first pregnancy (15-19 years [AOR (Adjusted Odds Ratio) = 4.38, 95% CI (1.21, 15.81)];single marital status [AOR =45.05, 95% CI (12.02, 168.85)];unwanted pregnancy [AOR=3.21, 95% CI (1.16, 8.90)] and attending school at the time of interfered abortion [AOR=5.28, 95% CI (1.80, 15.49)]were significantly associated with committing induced abortion. Conclusions:The study revealed a medium level of prevalence rateof induced abortionamong women of reproductive age group in Gondar Town. Factors like women’s ageat first pregnancy, single marital status, unwanted pregnancy and attending school at the time of interfered induced abortion were independently and significantly associated with committing induced abortion.
Abstract: Background:Abortion is the termination of pregnancy by the expulsion of a fetus or embryo from the uterus before viability. An estimated 56 million induced abortions occurred worldwide each year. Ethiopia has the fifth highest number of maternal deaths in the world: one in twenty-seven women die from complications of pregnancy and childbirth annual...
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Planning Capacity, Determinants, and Challenges of Integrating Multisectoral Nutrition into Communal Development Plans in Burkina Faso
Ousmane Ouedraogo,
Maimouna Halidou Doudou,
Koiné Maxime Drabo,
Denis Garnier,
Noel Marie Zagré,
Kristina Reinhardt,
Philippe Donnen
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, May 2019
Pages:
74-82
Received:
6 May 2019
Accepted:
6 June 2019
Published:
20 June 2019
Abstract: Introduction Translating national policies into concretes actions at sub-national level is a prerequisite to scaling up interventions and ensuring an impact on the nutritional status of populations. The objective of this study was to analyze the overall process of local planning in Burkina Faso to identify factors that positively and negatively influence the process of integrating nutrition into communal development plans (CDP). Methods This was a qualitative study conducted through: (1) an analytical review of communal development plans (CDP) in ten municipalities from two regions, (2) individual interviews and focus groups with key informants and (3) a national triangulation workshop. The assessment was informed by a theoretical framework designed to determine the degree to which nutrition was integrated in the CDP, stakeholders’ capacities and resources, as well as the governance and the quality of the overall local planning process. The data were processed (transcription, coding, synthesizing) by themes using a deductive approach. Results The degree of nutrition integration in the CDP varied from one municipality to another. Despite the high prevalence of malnutrition in all municipalities, 60% of the CDP did not have a good nutrition coverage related to integration of nutrition into plans and had not planned multisectoral interventions to combat malnutrition. The main obstacles to this integration included ignorance of malnutrition by local elected officials, low planning capacity of stakeholders and scarcity of resources, insufficient participative and inclusive local planning approaches, a lack of guidelines about nutrition integration, a preference among officials to invest in physical infrastructures and obstacles related to governance. The key factors facilitating integration of nutrition included the internationalization of the local planning process, the presence of nutrition partners in the municipalities and the existence of financial prospects. Conclusion Nutrition integration in the CDP is a major challenge for Burkina Faso. However, revising or developing CDP is an opportunity to improve nutrition.
Abstract: Introduction Translating national policies into concretes actions at sub-national level is a prerequisite to scaling up interventions and ensuring an impact on the nutritional status of populations. The objective of this study was to analyze the overall process of local planning in Burkina Faso to identify factors that positively and negatively inf...
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Evaluation of China's Health Resources Allocation Performance
Yunying Yan,
Xue Lei,
Huawei Tan,
Ling Yu,
Peilin Zhang,
Fei Chen
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, May 2019
Pages:
83-90
Received:
6 May 2019
Accepted:
5 June 2019
Published:
24 June 2019
Abstract: Background As one of the limited public resources, health resources is the material basis for maintaining health, and its allocation has a direct impact on the demand and utilization of health services, thus affecting the health status of the population. How to improve the performance of health resources allocation, to obtain the best social and economic benefits within the least input has become the hot spot of social concern in China. Therefore, the study aimed to evaluate the performance of China's health resources allocation from 2004 to 2015 under the constraint of medical expenses. Methods An input-output performance evaluation index system was constructed under the background of constraint of medical expenses China. This study used the SBM-undesirable model to measure the performance of health resources allocation in 31 provinces of China from 2004 to 2015. Results The performance of health resources allocation measured by the SBM-undesirable model at the national and regional levels was significantly lower than that of the traditional CCR model. The undesirable output redundancy rate and desirable output shortage rate at the national and regional levels were far greater than the health resource input redundancy rate. The reasons for the loss of performance of allocation of health resources in different provinces were different. Conclusions Traditional DEA model overestimated the performance of China's health resource allocation and was less sensitive to its changing characteristics. Undesirable output redundancy and desirable output shortage were the main reasons for the performance loss.
Abstract: Background As one of the limited public resources, health resources is the material basis for maintaining health, and its allocation has a direct impact on the demand and utilization of health services, thus affecting the health status of the population. How to improve the performance of health resources allocation, to obtain the best social and ec...
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Supply Priority of Health Service Industry in Chongqing, China: A Cross-Sectional Study
Yunying Yan,
Zhan Yang,
Zheng Wang,
Xue Lei,
Yue Sun,
Fei Chen
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, May 2019
Pages:
91-97
Received:
6 May 2019
Accepted:
5 June 2019
Published:
24 June 2019
Abstract: Background The mismatch between supply and demand is the primary issue in the development of health service industry in China. The study aims to explore the relationship between the demand for and satisfaction of residents in Chongqing, China from health service products, in order to analyze the supply priority of health service industry from the perspective of residents. Methods In this cross-sectional study, a multi-stage stratified random sampling method was adopted to survey 1100 residents who were from 4 districts and 8 communities in Chongqing, China. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with a standardized questionnaire. Chi-square test was used to analyze the differences of satisfaction and demand between the 11 sub-categories of health service industry. Pearson and Spearman correlation analysis were used to analyze the numerical values and rankings of demand and satisfaction scores, and then the scatter plot was drawn to establish the two-dimensional coupled model of demand and satisfaction. Results Demand for and satisfaction from health service industry of various sub-categories were relatively high. Among them, the highest coupled value of demand and satisfaction was health security industry. Primary health care industry, professional public health service industry and other nine industries followed. The scores of health education service industry were the lowest. Conclusions: Based on the two-dimensional coupled model of demand and satisfaction, 11 sub-categories of health service industry fall into three classes: Class I is the most urgently needed industrial type and should be given supply priority; Class II is the demand-oriented industrial type, which should be developed proactively based on the actual conditions; Class III is the type to be nurtured, which requires rational development when the market demand grows.
Abstract: Background The mismatch between supply and demand is the primary issue in the development of health service industry in China. The study aims to explore the relationship between the demand for and satisfaction of residents in Chongqing, China from health service products, in order to analyze the supply priority of health service industry from the p...
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Unhygienic Food Handling as a Source of Parasites and Pathogenic Bacteria in Dessie Town, North Eastern Ethiopia
Brhanu Teka,
Assefa Mulu,
Muluneh Ademe
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, May 2019
Pages:
98-103
Received:
13 May 2019
Accepted:
23 June 2019
Published:
8 July 2019
Abstract: Background: Food handlers (individuals engaged in food preparation, transport and provision) are implicated in the transmission of foodborne diseases if appropriate hygienic practices are not maintained. Hence, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites and bacteria among food handlers of Dessie town, Ethiopia. Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among asymptomatic food handlers. Stool microscopy and culture was performed on 135 food handlers to determine intestinal parasites and enteric bacterial pathogens. Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the isolated bacteria was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Results: The majority of the food handlers were females (n=112; 83%), 18-27 years old (n= 95; 70.4%), with grade 9-12 education (n=56; 41.5%) and single in marital status (n= 87; 64.4%). The prevalence of intestinal parasites and enteric bacterial pathogens were 10.4% and 13.3%, respectively. Entaemoeba histolytica/E. dispar, (n=8; 5.9%) and Shigella species (n= 7; 5.2%) were the predominant parasitic and bacterial isolates respectively. Six (85.7%) of the Shigella isolates showed resistance to chloramphenicol and tetracycline while the single isolated Pseudomonas species showed resistance to all tested antimicrobials. Conclusion: Potentially contagious enteric bacterial pathogens and intestinal parasites were identified from food handlers who were presumed healthy. Hence, periodic screening of food handlers, and training on food handling and hand hygiene practices for food handlers is highly needed.
Abstract: Background: Food handlers (individuals engaged in food preparation, transport and provision) are implicated in the transmission of foodborne diseases if appropriate hygienic practices are not maintained. Hence, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites and bacteria among food handlers of Dessie town, Ethiopia. Methods: A ...
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