The Inoculation with an Effecient AMF Strain Decreases the Phosphoric Fertilizer Requirements in Ipomea Batata (L), Lam in Dry Period
Alberto Espinosa Cuéllar,
Luís Ruiz Martinez,
Ramón Rivera Espinosa,
Ernesto Espinosa Cuéllar
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 2, December 2019
Pages:
13-18
Received:
15 February 2019
Accepted:
22 March 2019
Published:
17 October 2019
Abstract: While Ipomeabatata (L), Lam. is a mycotic crop, few results are reported in establishing the requirements of phosphoric fertilizers associated with the inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) strains. For these purposes, two experiments were carried out, evaluating the response of 'INIVIT B2-2005' or 'CEMSA 78-354'clones to the application of five doses of phosphoric fertilizer with or without the application of Rhizoglomu sirregulare/(INCAM-11) species on a carbonated loose Brown soil, at a random block design with factorial arrangement and four repetitions. The experiments were carried out with 'INIVIT B2-2005' and 'CEMSA 78-354'clones always in the period November - April and they were carried out in two years. The yield of tubers, percentage of mycorrhizal colonization, content of mycorrhizal spores in 50 grams of soil and phosphorus content in the leaf, stem and tuberous root were evaluated. A significant response (p <0.05) to mineral fertilization was found in the yield with an optimum dose of 75 kg ha-1 which decreased to 50 kg ha-1 when inoculated with R. irregulare, keeping equivalent yields. This effect was similar in both clones and in both years. The inoculation increased the colonization percentage and the spores significantly, and the highest values were always obtained in the treatment of 50 kg ha-1 of P2O5, lower and higher fertilizations had lower values. The phosphorus contents in different organs also presented a similar response. It is concluded that the inoculation of an efficient AMF strain causes an adequate mycorrhizal functioning in presence of medium doses of fertilizers, guaranteeing high yields with lower doses of these ones.
Abstract: While Ipomeabatata (L), Lam. is a mycotic crop, few results are reported in establishing the requirements of phosphoric fertilizers associated with the inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) strains. For these purposes, two experiments were carried out, evaluating the response of 'INIVIT B2-2005' or 'CEMSA 78-354'clones to the applicati...
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Recycling of Kotah Stone Quarry Waste and Manufacturing Normal Portland Cement: A Conceptual Technology of Future
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 2, December 2019
Pages:
19-24
Received:
16 June 2019
Accepted:
26 September 2019
Published:
31 October 2019
Abstract: The State of Rajasthan in India, has abundant reserves of Flaggy Limestone which yields Kotah Stone. It is very popular and widely known as best and most economical flaggy stone within country and abroad. The deposit of Kotah Stone is generally confined to 15mtr. in thickness. It is overlaid by a zone of non splittable limestone waste layers. This waste zone has increased from ‘0’ in 1945 to present 40 – 45mtr, oue to dipping rocks @ 7 – 15%. To a general estimate, over the years of mining some 550Mill. Ton of such waste has piled up in entire belt in form of man-made mountains. This has caused serious environmental problem beside economic hazard arising from its disposal and management. Beside reduction, recycling and utilization of quarry waste is perhaps the only solution for industrial survival. A serious effort has been made to utilize by recycling this waste for manufacturing normal Portland Cement. This waste having low in CaO 38% and high in Silica 23% needed beneficiation. Exhaustive test and studies on wet beneficiation have established that it is technically feasible to enrich the CaO to 44% and reduce Silica to 12-33%, a feed product most suitable for manufacture of Ordinary Portland Cement of 53% grade. ACC Madukkarai cement plant had conducted beneficiation studies in 2004-17 on its low grade limestone containing 43℅ CaO and 18℅Silica to use the concentrate as additive to normal raw material to cement plant. Present paper highlights the various activities of the project in manufacturing cement using concentrate after beneficiation of much low grade limestone. The technique suggested and cost of beneficiation vis-vis environmental merits of the project have been discussed.
Abstract: The State of Rajasthan in India, has abundant reserves of Flaggy Limestone which yields Kotah Stone. It is very popular and widely known as best and most economical flaggy stone within country and abroad. The deposit of Kotah Stone is generally confined to 15mtr. in thickness. It is overlaid by a zone of non splittable limestone waste layers. This ...
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Ecological Efficiency of Restoration of Worn Technical Products
Namakonov Boris,
Melnikov Eduard,
Poliakova Anastasiia
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 2, December 2019
Pages:
25-28
Received:
31 July 2019
Accepted:
17 October 2019
Published:
31 October 2019
Abstract: In the world no more than 0.1-0.5% of over 10% of complex technical products are removed from circulation (written off) annually due to the weight wear of machine parts. Financial, energy, labour, material and natural resources spent on their production are used by less than 1%. General environmental pollution, obtained in the manufacture of these products, exceeds their weight by 100-150 times. To compensate the wear of used technical products during restoration, the material of not more than 1% of their weight is required. Energy, labour, financial and other costs, as well as the amount of technological work (taking into account the extraction of natural resources) are ten times less as compared with their production from primary material. Therefore, environmental pollution is also less by one or two orders of magnitude. Renovation of used products instead of manufacturing the same new ones allows: 1. To save over 95% of energy, labour, material and non-renewable natural resources previously spent on them. 2. To increase multiply the service life of products while maintaining their nominal parameters. 3. To reduce environmental pollution manifold. Renovative technologies do not require significant investments, since they are almost indistinguishable from traditional industrial processing methods and can be implemented on existing, often unloaded, production facilities. The renovation cost does not exceed 30% of a new product cost. This is the most effective technical, economic and ecological concept of preserving environment today, which is persistently ignored at the production and technical, national, educational, domestic and even scientific level. Utilization of used technical products, which has high environmental expectations, requires additional natural, and in the first place, energy resources, and it is accompanied by a loss of materials up to 60%. Taking into account the annual write-off of more than 10% of the production of various complex technical products (cars - up to 20%, disposable items – up to 100%), mass renovation will reduce world extraction of natural non-renewable resources by over 10% and further overall environmental pollution will also be reduced. High ecological, technical and economic efficiency of renovation is so obvious and relevant, that it deserves the priority development of national and international resource-saving programs for renovation of technical products in terms of integrated development and conservation of the Earth interior.
Abstract: In the world no more than 0.1-0.5% of over 10% of complex technical products are removed from circulation (written off) annually due to the weight wear of machine parts. Financial, energy, labour, material and natural resources spent on their production are used by less than 1%. General environmental pollution, obtained in the manufacture of these ...
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