Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries

| Peer-Reviewed |

Analyzing Constraints and Opportunities of Urban Agriculture in the Greenbelt of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

Received: Jun. 17, 2019    Accepted: Jul. 10, 2019    Published: Jul. 23, 2019
Views:       Downloads:

Share This Article

Abstract

Urban agriculture (UA) is seen as one of the solutions for ensuring food security in African cities, but it remains marginalized. In Burkina Faso, it is not explicitly taken into account in Agricultural Development Plans. Here we analyze the opportunities and constraints related to the practice of UA in the Green belt of Ouagadougou and provide informations that may be useful to land use decision-makers. The results after a review of literature and field surveys showed that women represented 55% of producers. The age of the producers was between 21 and 80 years old and that of the farms was between 1 and 70 years old. The surfaces managed are between 0.25 to 5 hectares. The farms found belonged to individuals 65% or families 35%. About 30 species of plants were grown for consumption or sale at the same proportions. The problems faced by farmers included lack of agricultural inputs and equipment, lack of irrigation water, low soil fertility. The solutions to overcome those problems according to the farmers included, support with fountains, fertilizers and finances. We found that men invested more in market oriented agriculture than women and that farmers who own land invested more in fertilizer application. The land acquisition is continuous and not organized leading to a degradation of the green belt. For a better management of the Green belt we suggest among other things to develop a management plan and set up an exchange framework and precise specifications for the exploitations.

DOI 10.11648/j.aff.20190803.13
Published in Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries ( Volume 8, Issue 3, June 2019 )
Page(s) 73-80
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Land Use, Urban Agriculture, Green Belt, Legislation, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

References
[1] FAO (2011). Produire plus avec moins. Guide à l’intention des décideurs sur l’intensification durable de l’agriculture paysanne. 116 p.
[2] FAO (2018). L’avenir de l’alimentation et de l’agriculture – Parcours alternatifs d’ici à 2050. Rome. 64 p.
[3] FAO (2017). Regional Overview of Food Security and Nutrition in Africa 2016. The challenges of building resilience to shocks and stresses. Accra. 40 p.
[4] Edame, G. E., Ekpenyong, A. B., Fonta, W. M., Duru, E. J. C. (2011). Climate Change, Food Security and Agricultural Productivity in Africa: Issues and policy directions. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science 21: 205-223.
[5] Temple L., Moustier P. (2003). L’agriculture péri-urbaine en Afrique tropicale: caractéristiques, fonctions, contraintes et opportunités à partir d’études de cas. SEREIN Occasional Paper No 15: 39-58.
[6] Karg, H. (2018). Urban Food Supply. In Karg, H. Drechsel, P. (Eds.). 2018. Atlas of West African urban food systems: examples from Ghana and Burkina Faso. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE) pp 36-37.
[7] Nahmias, P., Le Caro, Y. (2012). Les défis et les perspectives de l’agriculture urbaine Pour une définition de l’agriculture urbaine: réciprocité fonctionnelle et diversité des formes spatiales. Environnement Urbain / Urban Environment Volume 6, 17 p.
[8] FAO (2011). The place of urban and peri-UA (UPA) in national food security program. Integrated food security support service (TCSF) policy and program development support division technical cooperation department. Rome. 46 p.
[9] Magazine de l’agriculture urbaine. Vol 19. Promouvoir les innovation dans l'agriculture urbaine. 48 p.
[10] Rouchiche, S. (2001). La foresterie urbaine et périurbaine en Afrique une étude de cas sur le sahel (Dakar, Niamey, Nouakchott et Ouagadougou). www.fao.org/3/X3994F/X3994F01.htm2001 (accessed in April 2019).
[11] Awal, H. M. (2015). La métropole-village (s) de Ouagadougou: explorer les potentiels d’un territoire, supports de processus de projet architectural. Architecture, aménagement de l’espace. Université Grenoble Alpes.
[12] Kalmogo, A. (2017). La ceinture verte de la ville de Ouagadougou: état des lieux et perspectives de réhabilitation. Mémoire de fin de cycle Inspecteurs des Eaux et Forêt. Ecole Nationale des Eaux et Forêts de Dindéresso, Bobo-Dioulasso. 91 p.
[13] MHU (Ministère de l’Habitat et de l’Urbanisme). (2010). Schéma Directeur d’Aménagement du Grand Ouaga Horizon 2025. Volume 1. Le portrait du grand Ouaga. 216 p.
[14] Aboubacar, A. (2018). Dégradation de la ceinture verte de Niamey. Niger Inter Magazine N°010 Mars 2018. Accessible au site: https://www.nigerinter.com/2018/03/degradation-de-la-ceinture-verte-de-niamey/ (accessed in April 2019).
[15] Sanga B., Ouehoura F., Tietiembou T. (2012). Projet d’aménagement de la "ceinture verte": des poumons verts à Ouagadougou pour une vie meilleure. Accessible au site: http://lefaso.net/spip.php?article46177(accessed in April 2019).
[16] MEEVCC (Ministère de l’Environnement, de l’Economie Verte et du Changement Climatique). (2017). Note d’information sur la ceinture verte de Ouagadougou. Comité de mise en œuvre de la réhabilitation. 5 p.
[17] MEEVCC (Ministère de l’Environnement, de l’Economie Verte et du Changement Climatique). (2017). Arrêté N°2017-261/MEEVCC/CC/CAB portant création, attributions, composition et fonctionnement du comité de mise en œuvre de la réhabilitation de la ceinture verte de la ville de Ouagadougou, du 14 juillet 2017.
[18] CES (Conseil Economique et Social). (2017). Rapport de la deuxième session ordinaire de l’année 2017. Recommandation relative à la réhabilitation et à la protection de la ceinture verte de Ouagadougou, 29 novembre 2017.
[19] SP-CONEDD (2010). Troisième rapport sur l’état de l’environnement au Burkina Faso. P66, 263p.
[20] Zida Y. (2009). Monographie de la région du Centre. Ministère de l’Economie et des Finances. 154p.
[21] Nacoulma-Ouédraogo, O. G. (1996). Plantes médicinales et pratiques médicales traditionnelles au Burkina Faso: cas du plateau central. Thèse de doctorat d’Etat, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université de Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, tome 1, 320 p, tome 2, p285.
[22] Thiombiano A. Schmidt M.; Dressler S.; Ouédraogo A.; Hahn K., Zizka, G. (2012). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Burkina Faso. Boissiera volume 65. 391 p.
[23] Brink, M. & Belay, G. (Editeurs), (2006). Ressources végétales de l'Afrique tropicale 1. Céréales et légumes secs. [Traduction de: Plant Resources of Tropical Africa 1. Cereals and pulses. 2006]. Fondation PROTA, Wageningen, Pays-Bas / Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, Pays-Bas / CTA, Wageningen, Pays-Bas. 328 pp.
[24] MASA (Ministère de l’Agriculture et de la Sécurité Alimentaire) - Ministère de la Recherche Scientifique et de l’Innovation - Ministère de l’Environnement et du Développement Durable. (2014). Catalogue national des espèces et variétés agricoles du Burkina Faso. 81 p.
[25] Prain, G. (2008). Promouvoir l'innovation technique, organisationnelle et institutionnelle dans l'agriculture urbaine. Magazine de l’Agriculture Urbaine 19: 3-11.
[26] Ouédraogo, D. B., Gnankambary, Z., Nacro H. B., Sedogo P. M. (2018). Caractérisation et utilisation des eaux usées en horticulture dans la ville de Ouagadougou au Burkina Faso. International Journal of Biology and Chemical Science 12: 2564-2577.
[27] Kiba, D. I., Zongo, N. A., Lompo, F., Jansa, J., Compaore, E., Sedogo, P. M., Frossard, E. (2012). The diversity of fertilization practices affects soil and crop quality in urban vegetable sites of Burkina Faso. European Journal of Agronomy 38: 12-21.
[28] Burkina Faso. (2017). Schéma national d'aménagement et de développement durable du territoire (SNADDT) 2040. 165 P.
[29] Burkina Faso. (2010). JO n°10. Loi 065-2009/AN du 09/12/2009 modifiant la Loi n°055-2004/AN du 21 décembre 2004 portant Code général des collectivités territoriales au Burkina Faso.
[30] MECV et FAO (2006). Plan d’action pour la mise en œuvre des Réformes Institutionnelles et Juridiques pour la Décentralisation dans le Secteur Forestier au Burkina Faso (Rapport final), 119 p.
[31] Burkina Faso. (2011). Loi n° 03-2011/AN du 28 avril 2011 portant Code forestier au Burkina Faso.
[32] Diallo, A. (2019). Au Burkina, polémique sur un projet d’hôpital financé par la Chine dans la forêt classée de Kua. In jeune Afrique Accessible sur: https://www.jeuneafrique.com/pays/burkina-faso/. (accessed in June 2019).
[33] Sidwaya. (2019). N° 8904 du Vendredi 24 au Dimanche 26 Mai 2019 N° 8904 Paru le Vendredi 24 Mai 2019.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Delphine Bernadette Ouédraogo, Bassirou Belem, Delwendé Innocent Kiba, Zacharia Gnankambary, Hassan Bismarck Nacro, et al. (2019). Analyzing Constraints and Opportunities of Urban Agriculture in the Greenbelt of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 8(3), 73-80. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20190803.13

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Delphine Bernadette Ouédraogo; Bassirou Belem; Delwendé Innocent Kiba; Zacharia Gnankambary; Hassan Bismarck Nacro, et al. Analyzing Constraints and Opportunities of Urban Agriculture in the Greenbelt of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Agric. For. Fish. 2019, 8(3), 73-80. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20190803.13

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Delphine Bernadette Ouédraogo, Bassirou Belem, Delwendé Innocent Kiba, Zacharia Gnankambary, Hassan Bismarck Nacro, et al. Analyzing Constraints and Opportunities of Urban Agriculture in the Greenbelt of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Agric For Fish. 2019;8(3):73-80. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20190803.13

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.aff.20190803.13,
      author = {Delphine Bernadette Ouédraogo and Bassirou Belem and Delwendé Innocent Kiba and Zacharia Gnankambary and Hassan Bismarck Nacro and Papaoba Michel Sedogo},
      title = {Analyzing Constraints and Opportunities of Urban Agriculture in the Greenbelt of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso},
      journal = {Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries},
      volume = {8},
      number = {3},
      pages = {73-80},
      doi = {10.11648/j.aff.20190803.13},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20190803.13},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.aff.20190803.13},
      abstract = {Urban agriculture (UA) is seen as one of the solutions for ensuring food security in African cities, but it remains marginalized. In Burkina Faso, it is not explicitly taken into account in Agricultural Development Plans. Here we analyze the opportunities and constraints related to the practice of UA in the Green belt of Ouagadougou and provide informations that may be useful to land use decision-makers. The results after a review of literature and field surveys showed that women represented 55% of producers. The age of the producers was between 21 and 80 years old and that of the farms was between 1 and 70 years old. The surfaces managed are between 0.25 to 5 hectares. The farms found belonged to individuals 65% or families 35%. About 30 species of plants were grown for consumption or sale at the same proportions. The problems faced by farmers included lack of agricultural inputs and equipment, lack of irrigation water, low soil fertility. The solutions to overcome those problems according to the farmers included, support with fountains, fertilizers and finances. We found that men invested more in market oriented agriculture than women and that farmers who own land invested more in fertilizer application. The land acquisition is continuous and not organized leading to a degradation of the green belt. For a better management of the Green belt we suggest among other things to develop a management plan and set up an exchange framework and precise specifications for the exploitations.},
     year = {2019}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Analyzing Constraints and Opportunities of Urban Agriculture in the Greenbelt of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
    AU  - Delphine Bernadette Ouédraogo
    AU  - Bassirou Belem
    AU  - Delwendé Innocent Kiba
    AU  - Zacharia Gnankambary
    AU  - Hassan Bismarck Nacro
    AU  - Papaoba Michel Sedogo
    Y1  - 2019/07/23
    PY  - 2019
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20190803.13
    DO  - 10.11648/j.aff.20190803.13
    T2  - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
    JF  - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
    JO  - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
    SP  - 73
    EP  - 80
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2328-5648
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20190803.13
    AB  - Urban agriculture (UA) is seen as one of the solutions for ensuring food security in African cities, but it remains marginalized. In Burkina Faso, it is not explicitly taken into account in Agricultural Development Plans. Here we analyze the opportunities and constraints related to the practice of UA in the Green belt of Ouagadougou and provide informations that may be useful to land use decision-makers. The results after a review of literature and field surveys showed that women represented 55% of producers. The age of the producers was between 21 and 80 years old and that of the farms was between 1 and 70 years old. The surfaces managed are between 0.25 to 5 hectares. The farms found belonged to individuals 65% or families 35%. About 30 species of plants were grown for consumption or sale at the same proportions. The problems faced by farmers included lack of agricultural inputs and equipment, lack of irrigation water, low soil fertility. The solutions to overcome those problems according to the farmers included, support with fountains, fertilizers and finances. We found that men invested more in market oriented agriculture than women and that farmers who own land invested more in fertilizer application. The land acquisition is continuous and not organized leading to a degradation of the green belt. For a better management of the Green belt we suggest among other things to develop a management plan and set up an exchange framework and precise specifications for the exploitations.
    VL  - 8
    IS  - 3
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Institut de Génie de l’Environnement et du Développement Durable, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

  • Centre National de Semences Forestières, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

  • Institut de l'Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

  • Institut de l'Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

  • Université Nazi Boni, Institut du Développement Rural, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso

  • Institut de l'Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

  • Section