American Journal of Pediatrics

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New Biomarkers in the Diagnosis of Kidney Injury in Children with Hereditary Nephritis and Tubulopaties

Received: Jan. 15, 2020    Accepted: Feb. 07, 2020    Published: Feb. 18, 2020
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Abstract

The search of non-invasive methods of diagnosis of kidney disease, new biomarkers of injury and its level is very important at present time. Such markers are KIM-1 (kidney injury molecule - 1), TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor - β1), RBP (retinol-binding protein) and β2-MG (β2 – microglobulin). β2-MG and RBP are low molecular weight proteins which are rapidly filtered in the glomerulus and catabolized in the renal tubules after resorption by cells of proximal part. These proteins aren't reabsorbed and appear in the urine in the pathology of the tubules. This fact allows using β2-MG and RBP for diagnostics of injury of the proximal tubules. KIM-1 isn't detected in normal kidney tissue. However, the expression level of this biomarker increases significantly on the surface of the epithelial cells of the proximal tubules after ischemic or toxic damage of kidneys. For this reasons KIM-1 is an ideal markers of kidney injury and allows differentiating ischemic damage from prerenal azotemia and chronic kidney disease (CKD). TGF-β1 indicates endothelial dysfunction and fibroangiogenesis which are the basis of remodeling of the microvascular bed of the kidney in various kinds of glomerulopathies. The results of determination of concentration in serum and urine are presented in this article. The introduction of KIM-1, TGF-β1, RBP and β2-MG into clinical practice will expand the possibility of diagnosis of kidney diseases, allow non-invasive monitoring of progression and the effectiveness of nephroprotective therapy.

DOI 10.11648/j.ajp.20200601.16
Published in American Journal of Pediatrics ( Volume 6, Issue 1, March 2020 )

This article belongs to the Special Issue Chronic Kidney Disease in Children

Page(s) 37-41
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Kidney, Injury, Markers, Urine, Serum

References
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[2] Falcone S, Wisby L, Nicol T, Blease A, Starbuck B, Parker A, Sanderson J, Brown SDM, Scudamore CL, Pusey CD, Tam FWK, Potter PK. Modification of an aggressive model of Alport Syndrome reveals early differences in disease pathogenesis due to genetic background. Sci Rep. 2019 Dec 31; 9 (1): 20398. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-56837-6.
[3] Tanase DM, Gosav EM, Radu S, Costea CF, Ciocoiu M, Carauleanu A, Lacatusu CM, Maranduca MA, Floria M, Rezus C. The Predictive Role of the Biomarker Kidney Molecule-1 (KIM-1) in Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity. Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Oct 22; 20 (20). pii: E5238. doi: 10.3390/ijms20205238.
[4] Srisawat N, Kellum JA. The Role of Biomarkers in Acute Kidney Injury. Crit Care Clin. 2020 Jan; 36 (1): 125-140. doi: 10.1016/j.ccc.2019.08.010.
[5] Seibert FS, Sitz M, Passfall J, Haesner M, Laschinski P, Buhl M, Bauer F, Babel N, Pagonas N, Westhoff TH. Prognostic Value of Urinary Calprotectin, NGAL and KIM-1 in Chronic Kidney Disease. Kidney Blood Press Res. 2018; 43 (4): 1255-1262. doi: 10.1159/000492407.
[6] Yin W, Kumar T, Lai Z, Zeng X, Kanaan HD, Li W, Zhang PL. Kidney injury molecule-1, a sensitive and specific marker for identifying acute proximal tubular injury, can be used to predict renal functional recovery in native renal biopsies. Int Urol Nephrol. 2019 Dec; 51 (12): 2255-2265. doi: 10.1007/s11255-019-02311-1.
[7] Laurentino MR, Parente Filho SLA, Parente LLC, da Silva Júnior GB, Daher EF, Lemes RPG. Non-invasive urinary biomarkers of renal function in sickle cell disease: an overview. Ann Hematol. 2019 Dec; 98 (12): 2653-2660. doi: 10.1007/s00277-019-03813-9.
[8] Koyawala N, Reese PP, Hall IE, Jia Y, Thiessen-Philbrook HR, Mansour SG, Doshi MD, Akalin E, Bromberg JS, Harhay MN, Mohan S, Muthukumar T, Schröppel B, Singh P, Weng FL, Parikh CR. Urine injury biomarkers are not associated with kidney transplant failure. Transplantation. 2019 Sep 13. doi: 10.1097/TP.0000000000002948.
[9] Tsai YL, Liu CW, Huang SF, Yang YY, Lin MW, Huang CC, Li TH, Huang YH, Hou MC, Lin HC. Urinary fatty acid and retinol binding protein-4 predict CKD progression in severe NAFLD patients with hypertension: 4-year study with clinical and experimental approaches. Medicine (Baltimore). 2020 Jan; 99 (2): e18626. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000018626.
[10] Qin Y, Zhang S, Shen X, Zhang S, Wang J, Zuo M, Cui X, Gao Z, Yang J, Zhu H, Chang B. Evaluation of urinary biomarkers for prediction of diabetic kidney disease: a propensity score matching analysis. Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab. 2019 Dec 2; 10: 2042018819891110. doi: 10.1177/2042018819891110.
[11] Zhang L, Sun J, Zhang M, Lin Y, Fang L, Fang X, Mai W, Yin Z. The significance of combined detection of CysC, urinary mAlb and β2-MG in diagnosis of the early renal injury in pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome. Saudi J Biol Sci. 2019 Dec; 26 (8): 1982-1985. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.07.013.
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  • APA Style

    Hanna Bialkevich, Ina Kazyra, Alexander Sukalo. (2020). New Biomarkers in the Diagnosis of Kidney Injury in Children with Hereditary Nephritis and Tubulopaties. American Journal of Pediatrics, 6(1), 37-41. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajp.20200601.16

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    ACS Style

    Hanna Bialkevich; Ina Kazyra; Alexander Sukalo. New Biomarkers in the Diagnosis of Kidney Injury in Children with Hereditary Nephritis and Tubulopaties. Am. J. Pediatr. 2020, 6(1), 37-41. doi: 10.11648/j.ajp.20200601.16

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    AMA Style

    Hanna Bialkevich, Ina Kazyra, Alexander Sukalo. New Biomarkers in the Diagnosis of Kidney Injury in Children with Hereditary Nephritis and Tubulopaties. Am J Pediatr. 2020;6(1):37-41. doi: 10.11648/j.ajp.20200601.16

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajp.20200601.16,
      author = {Hanna Bialkevich and Ina Kazyra and Alexander Sukalo},
      title = {New Biomarkers in the Diagnosis of Kidney Injury in Children with Hereditary Nephritis and Tubulopaties},
      journal = {American Journal of Pediatrics},
      volume = {6},
      number = {1},
      pages = {37-41},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajp.20200601.16},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajp.20200601.16},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajp.20200601.16},
      abstract = {The search of non-invasive methods of diagnosis of kidney disease, new biomarkers of injury and its level is very important at present time. Such markers are KIM-1 (kidney injury molecule - 1), TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor - β1), RBP (retinol-binding protein) and β2-MG (β2 – microglobulin). β2-MG and RBP are low molecular weight proteins which are rapidly filtered in the glomerulus and catabolized in the renal tubules after resorption by cells of proximal part. These proteins aren't reabsorbed and appear in the urine in the pathology of the tubules. This fact allows using β2-MG and RBP for diagnostics of injury of the proximal tubules. KIM-1 isn't detected in normal kidney tissue. However, the expression level of this biomarker increases significantly on the surface of the epithelial cells of the proximal tubules after ischemic or toxic damage of kidneys. For this reasons KIM-1 is an ideal markers of kidney injury and allows differentiating ischemic damage from prerenal azotemia and chronic kidney disease (CKD). TGF-β1 indicates endothelial dysfunction and fibroangiogenesis which are the basis of remodeling of the microvascular bed of the kidney in various kinds of glomerulopathies. The results of determination of concentration in serum and urine are presented in this article. The introduction of KIM-1, TGF-β1, RBP and β2-MG into clinical practice will expand the possibility of diagnosis of kidney diseases, allow non-invasive monitoring of progression and the effectiveness of nephroprotective therapy.},
     year = {2020}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - New Biomarkers in the Diagnosis of Kidney Injury in Children with Hereditary Nephritis and Tubulopaties
    AU  - Hanna Bialkevich
    AU  - Ina Kazyra
    AU  - Alexander Sukalo
    Y1  - 2020/02/18
    PY  - 2020
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajp.20200601.16
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajp.20200601.16
    T2  - American Journal of Pediatrics
    JF  - American Journal of Pediatrics
    JO  - American Journal of Pediatrics
    SP  - 37
    EP  - 41
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2472-0909
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajp.20200601.16
    AB  - The search of non-invasive methods of diagnosis of kidney disease, new biomarkers of injury and its level is very important at present time. Such markers are KIM-1 (kidney injury molecule - 1), TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor - β1), RBP (retinol-binding protein) and β2-MG (β2 – microglobulin). β2-MG and RBP are low molecular weight proteins which are rapidly filtered in the glomerulus and catabolized in the renal tubules after resorption by cells of proximal part. These proteins aren't reabsorbed and appear in the urine in the pathology of the tubules. This fact allows using β2-MG and RBP for diagnostics of injury of the proximal tubules. KIM-1 isn't detected in normal kidney tissue. However, the expression level of this biomarker increases significantly on the surface of the epithelial cells of the proximal tubules after ischemic or toxic damage of kidneys. For this reasons KIM-1 is an ideal markers of kidney injury and allows differentiating ischemic damage from prerenal azotemia and chronic kidney disease (CKD). TGF-β1 indicates endothelial dysfunction and fibroangiogenesis which are the basis of remodeling of the microvascular bed of the kidney in various kinds of glomerulopathies. The results of determination of concentration in serum and urine are presented in this article. The introduction of KIM-1, TGF-β1, RBP and β2-MG into clinical practice will expand the possibility of diagnosis of kidney diseases, allow non-invasive monitoring of progression and the effectiveness of nephroprotective therapy.
    VL  - 6
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Pediatrics, Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Republic of Belarus

  • Department of Pediatrics, Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Republic of Belarus

  • Department of Pediatrics, Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Republic of Belarus

  • Section