American Journal of Pediatrics

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Leucopenia, Neutropenia, Lymphopenia and Monocytopenia in a 15 year Old Girl with Iron Deficiency Anemia Responding to Iron Therapy: A Case Report

Received: Jul. 08, 2020    Accepted: Jul. 27, 2020    Published: Aug. 18, 2020
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Abstract

Despite the high prevalence of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in children, extensive information about its impact on growth and cognitive functions, less is known about how it affects the non-erythrocytes cell lines and its implications. High erythropoietin levels in severe iron deficiency anemia may down regulate the production of non- erythroid precursors resulting in various cytopenia, however, the mechanism of this is not fully understood. Reports depicting the association of iron deficiency anemia with cytopenia is quite scarce in pediatric population. We report a case of a 15 year old girl presented with severe iron deficiency anemia and leucopenia, lymphopenia, neutropenia and monocytopenia who has no other evidence of bone marrow dysfunction. The patient responded to iron therapy with prompt reversal of all cell counts. It is therefore recommended to include iron study and plasma erythropoietin concentration in the evaluation of otherwise healthy children presenting with cytopenia. Likewise, to consider iron deficiency in the causative list of non-erythroid cytopenia such as neutropenia.

DOI 10.11648/j.ajp.20200603.35
Published in American Journal of Pediatrics ( Volume 6, Issue 3, September 2020 )
Page(s) 322-326
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Iron Deficiency Anemia, Erythropoietin, Leucopenia, Neutropenia, Monocytopenai, Lymphopenia

References
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[3] Cronin SJF, Woolf CJ, Weiss G et al, The role of iron regulation in immunometabolism and immune-related disease; Front. Mol. Biosci, 2019; https://doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2019.00116.
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[11] Tojo Y, Sekine H, Hirano I et al; Hypoxia Signaling Cascade for Erythropoietin Production in Hepatocytes; (2015); Molecular and Cellular Biology; 35 (15) 2658-2672; DOI: 10.1128/MCB.00161-15; DOI: 10.1128/MCB.00161-15.
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[13] Avneon M, Lifshitz L, Katz O et al, (2009). Non-erythroid effects of erythropoietin: Are neutrophils a target? Leukemia research; 33: 1430-1432. 10.1016/j.leukres.2009.03.020.).
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  • APA Style

    Sam Hassan, Tessy Augustine, Nidal Mahgoub. (2020). Leucopenia, Neutropenia, Lymphopenia and Monocytopenia in a 15 year Old Girl with Iron Deficiency Anemia Responding to Iron Therapy: A Case Report. American Journal of Pediatrics, 6(3), 322-326. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajp.20200603.35

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    ACS Style

    Sam Hassan; Tessy Augustine; Nidal Mahgoub. Leucopenia, Neutropenia, Lymphopenia and Monocytopenia in a 15 year Old Girl with Iron Deficiency Anemia Responding to Iron Therapy: A Case Report. Am. J. Pediatr. 2020, 6(3), 322-326. doi: 10.11648/j.ajp.20200603.35

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    AMA Style

    Sam Hassan, Tessy Augustine, Nidal Mahgoub. Leucopenia, Neutropenia, Lymphopenia and Monocytopenia in a 15 year Old Girl with Iron Deficiency Anemia Responding to Iron Therapy: A Case Report. Am J Pediatr. 2020;6(3):322-326. doi: 10.11648/j.ajp.20200603.35

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajp.20200603.35,
      author = {Sam Hassan and Tessy Augustine and Nidal Mahgoub},
      title = {Leucopenia, Neutropenia, Lymphopenia and Monocytopenia in a 15 year Old Girl with Iron Deficiency Anemia Responding to Iron Therapy: A Case Report},
      journal = {American Journal of Pediatrics},
      volume = {6},
      number = {3},
      pages = {322-326},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajp.20200603.35},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajp.20200603.35},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajp.20200603.35},
      abstract = {Despite the high prevalence of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in children, extensive information about its impact on growth and cognitive functions, less is known about how it affects the non-erythrocytes cell lines and its implications. High erythropoietin levels in severe iron deficiency anemia may down regulate the production of non- erythroid precursors resulting in various cytopenia, however, the mechanism of this is not fully understood. Reports depicting the association of iron deficiency anemia with cytopenia is quite scarce in pediatric population. We report a case of a 15 year old girl presented with severe iron deficiency anemia and leucopenia, lymphopenia, neutropenia and monocytopenia who has no other evidence of bone marrow dysfunction. The patient responded to iron therapy with prompt reversal of all cell counts. It is therefore recommended to include iron study and plasma erythropoietin concentration in the evaluation of otherwise healthy children presenting with cytopenia. Likewise, to consider iron deficiency in the causative list of non-erythroid cytopenia such as neutropenia.},
     year = {2020}
    }
    

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    AB  - Despite the high prevalence of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in children, extensive information about its impact on growth and cognitive functions, less is known about how it affects the non-erythrocytes cell lines and its implications. High erythropoietin levels in severe iron deficiency anemia may down regulate the production of non- erythroid precursors resulting in various cytopenia, however, the mechanism of this is not fully understood. Reports depicting the association of iron deficiency anemia with cytopenia is quite scarce in pediatric population. We report a case of a 15 year old girl presented with severe iron deficiency anemia and leucopenia, lymphopenia, neutropenia and monocytopenia who has no other evidence of bone marrow dysfunction. The patient responded to iron therapy with prompt reversal of all cell counts. It is therefore recommended to include iron study and plasma erythropoietin concentration in the evaluation of otherwise healthy children presenting with cytopenia. Likewise, to consider iron deficiency in the causative list of non-erythroid cytopenia such as neutropenia.
    VL  - 6
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Author Information
  • Department of Pediatrics, Mediclinic City Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates

  • Department of Pediatrics, Mediclinic City Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates

  • Department of Pediatrics, Mediclinic City Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates

  • Section