This special issue focused on antimicrobial drug resistance, especially novelties concerning enzymes and genes involved nowadays in antibiotic resistance among bacteria of humans, animals, environmental (rivers, wastewaters, Lagoons, Dams, soils) and food origin (vegetables, meat, dairy products, seafood, fish...).
This issue addresses also challenge in new active molecules and drugs against multi-resistant bacteria in particular those which are resistant to the last resort antibiotics such as Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci (VRE), Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (SARM), Carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and others. It is also interestedin diagnostic methods and new technologies used in the screening and the identification of resistance mechanisms in bacterial isolates (Antimicrobial susceptibility testing, rapid diagnostic tests, Automation diagnostic ...).
The assembly of all these informations on antibiotic resistance, unbeatable problem worldwide, could be the first point to invent new therapeutic approaches and strategies.
This issue welcomes original articles, case report studies, reviews of literature and short notes.

Aims and Scope:

1. Epidemiology of resistant bacteria
2. Molecular research of resistance mechanisms
3. New diagnostic methods of antimicrobial resistance
4. Drug design
5. New therapeutic approaches
6. Pathogenicity, virulence and antibiotic resistance