Mitochondria, the organelles that generate energy for the cell, are considered as the "powerhouses" of eukaryotic cells. Mitochondrial diseases are a group of disorders caused by the dysfunction of mitochondria, which may be caused by mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) , or in nuclear genes that code for mitochondrial components, or by the adverse effects of drugs, infections, or other environmental factors. This special issue of the American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences covers the novel latest researches and advancements in our knowledge of Mitochondrial diseases.

Aims and Scope: