Optics

Special Issue

Optics and Spectroscopy of the Charge Carriers and Excitons States in Quasi - Zero - Dimensional Nanostructures

  • Submission Deadline: 31 October 2014
  • Status: Submission Closed
  • Lead Guest Editor: Sergey  Pokutnyi
About This Special Issue

The review analyzes the results of theoretical investigations of excitons states (electron - hole pairs states) in a quasi - zero - dimensional nanosystems consisting of spherical semiconductor nanocrystals (quantum dots) placed in transparent dielectric matrices. The theory of exciton states in a quantum dot under conditions of dominating polarization interaction of an electron and a hole with a spherical (quantum dot – dielectric matrix) interface are developed. An shown, that the energy spectrum of heavy hole in the valence band quantum dot is equivalent to the spectrum of hole carrying out oscillator vibrations in the adiabatic electron potential. In the framework of the dipole approximation theory are developed interband absorption of light in quasi – zero – dimensional nanosystems. An shown, that the absorption and emission edge of quantum dots is formed by two transitions of comparable intensity from different hole size – quantization levels and into a lower electron size – quantization level. Propose a theoretical prospect of using hole transitions between equidistant series of quantum levels observed in nanocrystals for desining a nanolaser. The theory of an exciton formed from spatially separated electron and hole (the hole is in the quantum dot volume, and the electron is localized at the outer spherical quantum dot–dielectric matrix interface) is developed within the modified effective mass method. The effect of significantly increasing the exciton binding energy in quantum dots of zinc selenide, synthesized in a borosilicate glass matrix, relative to that in a zinc selenide single crystal is revealed. We developed the theory of a biexcitons formed from spatially separated electrons and holes (the hole is in quantum dot volume, and the electron is localized at the outer surface of the quantum dot – dielectric matrix interface) in a nanosystem that consists of zinc selenide quantum dots synthesized in a glassy matrix.


The theoretical model of transmission spectrum of dielectric nanoparticles ensemble is presented. This model describes the dependence of the transmission spectrum on bot hof the particles size and the radiation frequency.This basis of the model is: the energy gap of the nanoparticle material contains energy levels, that is caused by the presence of a great number of defects of the nanoparticles crystal structure; the quantization of the charge carriers and excitons states. The theoretical model is compared with experimental results on the transmission spectrum.

Lead Guest Editor
  • Sergey  Pokutnyi

    Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry NASU, Kyiv, Ukraine

Guest Editors
  • Gholamreza Shayeganrad

    Physics Department, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy

  • Gholamreza Shayeganrad

    Physics Department, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy

  • Sushanta Das

    Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, United States

Published Articles
  • Size Quantization Stark Effect in Quantum Dots

    Sergey I. Pokutnyi , Oksana V. Naumenko

    Issue: Volume 3, Issue 6-1, November 2014
    Pages: 57-60
    Received: 29 September 2014
    Accepted: 6 October 2014
    Published: 25 October 2014
    DOI: 10.11648/j.optics.s.2014030601.19
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    Abstract: Advantages of semiconductor quantum dots for study and diagnostics of biological nanosystems are discussed. A new method for amino acid diagnostics used semiconductor quantum dots is posed. Interaction of isolated quantum dots with charged amino acids is studied in detail. It is shown that such interaction results in a shift of the quantum dots lum... Show More
  • Optical Absorption of One-Particle Quantum-Confined States of Charge Carriers in Quasi-Zero-Dimensional Nanogeterostructures: Theory

    Sergey I. Pokutnyi

    Issue: Volume 3, Issue 6-1, November 2014
    Pages: 53-56
    Received: 22 September 2014
    Accepted: 25 September 2014
    Published: 25 October 2014
    DOI: 10.11648/j.optics.s.2014030601.18
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    Abstract: A theory is developed for the interaction of an electromagnetic field with one-particle quantum-confined states of charge carriers in semiconductor quantum dots. It is shown that the oscillator strengths and dipole moments for the transitions involving one-particle states in quantum dots are gigantic parameters, exceeding the corresponding typical ... Show More
  • Local Electron States in Ellipsoidal Nanosystems in Magnetic Field: Theory

    Sergey I. Pokutnyi

    Issue: Volume 3, Issue 6-1, November 2014
    Pages: 48-52
    Received: 29 September 2014
    Accepted: 5 October 2014
    Published: 25 October 2014
    DOI: 10.11648/j.optics.s.2014030601.17
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    Abstract: The influence of a homogeneous magnetic field on the electron states localized over the surface of an ellipsoidal semiconductor (dielectric) nanoparticle by the electrostatic image forces is studied theoretically. The effects of the resonant interaction of light with such local electron states in presence and in absence of a homogeneous magnetic fi... Show More
  • Superatoms and Quasimolecules in Quasi-Zero-Dimensional Nanoheterostructures: Future Research

    Sergey I. Pokutnyi , Petr P. Gorbyk

    Issue: Volume 3, Issue 6-1, November 2014
    Pages: 42-47
    Received: 22 September 2014
    Accepted: 6 October 2014
    Published: 25 October 2014
    DOI: 10.11648/j.optics.s.2014030601.16
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    Abstract: This review discusses the current state of research of artificial atoms (superatoms) (quasiatomic nanoheterostructures) and more complex nanostructures based on them - synthetic molecules, proposed a new model of an artificial atom, satisfactorily explaining its electronic properties, as well as the prospects for the development of the new scientif... Show More
  • Quasiatomic Nanoheterostructures: New Model Superatom in the Alkali - Metal Atoms

    Sergey I. Pokutnyi , Petr P. Gorbyk

    Issue: Volume 3, Issue 6-1, November 2014
    Pages: 38-41
    Received: 22 September 2014
    Accepted: 6 October 2014
    Published: 25 October 2014
    DOI: 10.11648/j.optics.s.2014030601.15
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    Abstract: The theory of superatom (or artificial atom) formed from spatially separated electrons and holes (hole moving in the volume of a semiconductor (dielectric) quantum dot and an electron localized on the outer spherical interface between the quantum dot and a dielectric matrix) is developed. Predicted a new hydrogen - artificial atom, which is similar... Show More
  • Optical Nonlinearity of Dielectric Nanocomposite

    Vladimir P. Dzyuba , Yurii N. Kulchin , Sergey I. Pokutnyi

    Issue: Volume 3, Issue 6-1, November 2014
    Pages: 22-37
    Received: 9 July 2014
    Accepted: 15 July 2014
    Published: 31 July 2014
    DOI: 10.11648/j.optics.s.2014030601.14
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    Abstract: In paper, being based upon the results of our works deals with experimental and theoretical studies of physical characteristics of nanoparticles responsible for specific optical properties of dielectric nanocomposites. During theoretical description and explanation of experimental data obtained, we considered nanoparticle as a multi-particle quantu... Show More
  • Theory of Excitons and Excitonic Quasimolecules Formed from Spatially Separated Electrons and Holes in Quasi - Zero - Dimensional Nanosystems

    Sergey I. Pokutnyi

    Issue: Volume 3, Issue 6-1, November 2014
    Pages: 10-21
    Received: 9 July 2014
    Accepted: 15 July 2014
    Published: 31 July 2014
    DOI: 10.11648/j.optics.s.2014030601.13
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    Abstract: The theory of an exciton formed from spatially separated electron and hole (the hole is in the quantum dot volume, and the electron is localized at the outer spherical quantum dot–dielectric matrix interface) is developed within the modified effective mass method. The effect of significantly increasing the exciton binding energy in quantum dots of ... Show More
  • Exciton States Spectroscopy in Quasi - Zero - Dimensional Nanostruсtures: Theory

    Sergey I. Pokutnyi

    Issue: Volume 3, Issue 6-1, November 2014
    Pages: 2-9
    Received: 9 July 2014
    Accepted: 15 July 2014
    Published: 31 July 2014
    DOI: 10.11648/j.optics.s.2014030601.12
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    Abstract: The theory of exciton states in a quantum dot under conditions of dominating polarization interaction of an electron and a hole with a spherical (quantum dot – dielectric matrix) interface is developed. An shown, that the energy spectrum of heavy hole in the valence band quantum dot is equivalent to the spectrum of hole carrying out oscillator vibr... Show More
  • Optics and Spectroscopy of Exciton States in Quasi - Zero - Dimensional Nanostruсtures: Theory

    Sergey I. Pokutnyi

    Issue: Volume 3, Issue 6-1, November 2014
    Pages: 1-1
    Received: 9 July 2014
    Accepted: 15 July 2014
    Published: 31 July 2014
    DOI: 10.11648/j.optics.s.2014030601.11
    Downloads:
    Views:
    Abstract: The review analyzes the results of theoretical investigations of excitons states (electron - hole pairs states) in a quasi - zero - dimensional nanosystems consisting of spherical semiconductor nanocrystals (quantum dots) placed in transparent dielectric matrices. The theory of exciton states in a quantum dot under conditions of dominating polariza... Show More