COVID-19: What Lessons Learned in Anticipation of Future Pandemics in the Field of Water Resources

Noui Abderrahmane; Guesbaya Zineb

doi:doi:10.11648/j.advances.20220303.13

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COVID-19: What Lessons Learned in Anticipation of Future Pandemics in the Field of Water Resources

Noui Abderrahmane, Guesbaya Zineb

Published in Advances (Volume 3, Issue 3)

Received: 16 June 2022 Accepted: 14 July 2022 Published: 5 August 2022

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Abstract

According to the recommendations of the WHO, the most effective way to eliminate COVID-19 is the quarantine and always clean hands by rubbing them with an alcohol disinfectant or washing them with soap and water, but alcohol disinfectants are expensive compared to water, and billions of people in the world lack clean water. The aim of this study is to evaluate the amount of water needed to wash hands only during quarantine for a period of 75 days to eliminate the corona virus in the country’s most affected by it, with a focus on countries with water shortages, to alert governments to mobilize sufficient water resources to eliminate this epidemic and future epidemics. By a rough calculation, we assessed the water requirements for hand washing for 75 days of quarantine in the 53 countries most affected by the epidemic, and we summarized them in (Table 1). The average increase in the water needs to face the Corona virus by hand washing only ranges between: 3.20% to 15.70%, at a global average rate of 9.68%. Among the 53 countries most affected by the Corona virus, 27 countries in five continents suffer from significant water stress, which means that 50% of these countries may be unable to provide water to their citizens to wash their hands only, without considering the quantities of water required to sterilize hospitals, administrations, shops and streets. To face the COVID-19 and various epidemics in the future, all governments must mobilize adequate water resources and expedite the completion of water networks.

Published in	Advances (Volume 3, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.advances.20220303.13
Page(s)	60-64
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Corona Virus, Quarantine, Hand Washing, Global Water Deficit, Countries in Danger, Future Epidemics

References

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[2]	Hannah R (2019) - "Clean Water". Published online at Our World In Data.org. Retrieved from: 'https://ourworldindata.org/water-access' [Online Resource].
[3]	Mackenzie JS, Smith DW. COVID-19. (2020). A novel zoonotic disease caused by a corona virus from China: what we know and what we don't [published online ahead of print, 2020 Mar 17]. Microbiol Aust. 2020. DOI: 10.1071.
[4]	Rutger WH, Paul R, Leah S. (2019). 17 Countries, Home to One-Quarter of the World's Population, Face Extremely High Water Stress. World Resources Institute.
[5]	UNICEF (2020). Everything you need to know about washing your hands to protect against corona virus (COVID-19). UNICEF; 2020. Report 13 March 2020.
[6]	UNWATER (2020). Handwashing / Hand hygiene. UNWATER; 2020.
[7]	UNWATER (2019). World Water Development Report 2019. UNWATER; 2019. Report 18 March, 2019.
[8]	WHO (2020). Corona virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). WHO; 2020. Situation Report 71.
[9]	NOUI A, GUESBAYA Z. (2022). Modélisation Numérique de L’equilibre Hydrogéologique Application à La Nappe Mio-pliocène de Biskra [Numerical Modeling of Hydrogeological Balance Application to the Mio-Pliocene Biskra Aquifer]. Communication science et technologie 57-62.
[10]	NOUI A. (2021). COVID-19: STATISTICAL REPORT ON THE QUANTITIES OF GLOBAL WATER NEEDED TO WASH HANDS DURING A TOTAL QUARANTINE OF 75 DAYS THE CHINESE EXPERIENCE, The International Conference on Recent Advances in Water Science and Technology (ICRAWST-2021).
[11]	NOUI A, (2021). Global water resources between scarcity and medical necessity against COVID-19, Séminaire international sur COVID-19, université de Biskra.
[12]	NOUI A, GUESBAYA Z. (2022). Contribution à la cartographie des EAUX SOUTERRAINES de la région de BISKRA par la prospection géophysique et le système d’information géographique [Contribution to the mapping of GROUNDWATER in the BISKRA region by geophysical prospecting and the geographical information system]. Concours du meilleur projet de gestion des ressources hydriques AGIR et ANVREDET.
[13]	NOUI A, (2022). Impact de l'expansion urbaine en bordure des vallées sur l'aggravation du risque d'inondation - cas des zones arides [Impact of urban expansion on the edge of valleys on the aggravation of the risk of flooding - case of arid region]. 1er Colloque National sur l'aménagement Urbaine Durable en Algérie université de Biskra.
[14]	NOUI A, GUESBAYA Z. (2019). Protecting the elderly from the risks of flooding in Algeria (case of the Biskra region) Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction GP2019.

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Noui Abderrahmane, Guesbaya Zineb. (2022). COVID-19: What Lessons Learned in Anticipation of Future Pandemics in the Field of Water Resources. Advances, 3(3), 60-64. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.advances.20220303.13

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ACS Style

Noui Abderrahmane; Guesbaya Zineb. COVID-19: What Lessons Learned in Anticipation of Future Pandemics in the Field of Water Resources. Advances. 2022, 3(3), 60-64. doi: 10.11648/j.advances.20220303.13

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AMA Style

Noui Abderrahmane, Guesbaya Zineb. COVID-19: What Lessons Learned in Anticipation of Future Pandemics in the Field of Water Resources. Advances. 2022;3(3):60-64. doi: 10.11648/j.advances.20220303.13

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@article{10.11648/j.advances.20220303.13,
  author = {Noui Abderrahmane and Guesbaya Zineb},
  title = {COVID-19: What Lessons Learned in Anticipation of Future Pandemics in the Field of Water Resources},
  journal = {Advances},
  volume = {3},
  number = {3},
  pages = {60-64},
  doi = {10.11648/j.advances.20220303.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.advances.20220303.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.advances.20220303.13},
  abstract = {According to the recommendations of the WHO, the most effective way to eliminate COVID-19 is the quarantine and always clean hands by rubbing them with an alcohol disinfectant or washing them with soap and water, but alcohol disinfectants are expensive compared to water, and billions of people in the world lack clean water. The aim of this study is to evaluate the amount of water needed to wash hands only during quarantine for a period of 75 days to eliminate the corona virus in the country’s most affected by it, with a focus on countries with water shortages, to alert governments to mobilize sufficient water resources to eliminate this epidemic and future epidemics. By a rough calculation, we assessed the water requirements for hand washing for 75 days of quarantine in the 53 countries most affected by the epidemic, and we summarized them in (Table 1). The average increase in the water needs to face the Corona virus by hand washing only ranges between: 3.20% to 15.70%, at a global average rate of 9.68%. Among the 53 countries most affected by the Corona virus, 27 countries in five continents suffer from significant water stress, which means that 50% of these countries may be unable to provide water to their citizens to wash their hands only, without considering the quantities of water required to sterilize hospitals, administrations, shops and streets. To face the COVID-19 and various epidemics in the future, all governments must mobilize adequate water resources and expedite the completion of water networks.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
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AU  - Noui Abderrahmane
AU  - Guesbaya Zineb
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AB  - According to the recommendations of the WHO, the most effective way to eliminate COVID-19 is the quarantine and always clean hands by rubbing them with an alcohol disinfectant or washing them with soap and water, but alcohol disinfectants are expensive compared to water, and billions of people in the world lack clean water. The aim of this study is to evaluate the amount of water needed to wash hands only during quarantine for a period of 75 days to eliminate the corona virus in the country’s most affected by it, with a focus on countries with water shortages, to alert governments to mobilize sufficient water resources to eliminate this epidemic and future epidemics. By a rough calculation, we assessed the water requirements for hand washing for 75 days of quarantine in the 53 countries most affected by the epidemic, and we summarized them in (Table 1). The average increase in the water needs to face the Corona virus by hand washing only ranges between: 3.20% to 15.70%, at a global average rate of 9.68%. Among the 53 countries most affected by the Corona virus, 27 countries in five continents suffer from significant water stress, which means that 50% of these countries may be unable to provide water to their citizens to wash their hands only, without considering the quantities of water required to sterilize hospitals, administrations, shops and streets. To face the COVID-19 and various epidemics in the future, all governments must mobilize adequate water resources and expedite the completion of water networks.
VL  - 3
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Author Information

Noui Abderrahmane

Center for Scientific and Technical Research on Arid Regions, Biskra, Algeria
Guesbaya Zineb

Faculty of Exact Sciences, Natural Sciences and Life, University of Biskra, Biskra, Algeria

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APA Style

Noui Abderrahmane, Guesbaya Zineb. (2022). COVID-19: What Lessons Learned in Anticipation of Future Pandemics in the Field of Water Resources. Advances, 3(3), 60-64. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.advances.20220303.13

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ACS Style

Noui Abderrahmane; Guesbaya Zineb. COVID-19: What Lessons Learned in Anticipation of Future Pandemics in the Field of Water Resources. Advances. 2022, 3(3), 60-64. doi: 10.11648/j.advances.20220303.13

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AMA Style

Noui Abderrahmane, Guesbaya Zineb. COVID-19: What Lessons Learned in Anticipation of Future Pandemics in the Field of Water Resources. Advances. 2022;3(3):60-64. doi: 10.11648/j.advances.20220303.13

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@article{10.11648/j.advances.20220303.13,
  author = {Noui Abderrahmane and Guesbaya Zineb},
  title = {COVID-19: What Lessons Learned in Anticipation of Future Pandemics in the Field of Water Resources},
  journal = {Advances},
  volume = {3},
  number = {3},
  pages = {60-64},
  doi = {10.11648/j.advances.20220303.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.advances.20220303.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.advances.20220303.13},
  abstract = {According to the recommendations of the WHO, the most effective way to eliminate COVID-19 is the quarantine and always clean hands by rubbing them with an alcohol disinfectant or washing them with soap and water, but alcohol disinfectants are expensive compared to water, and billions of people in the world lack clean water. The aim of this study is to evaluate the amount of water needed to wash hands only during quarantine for a period of 75 days to eliminate the corona virus in the country’s most affected by it, with a focus on countries with water shortages, to alert governments to mobilize sufficient water resources to eliminate this epidemic and future epidemics. By a rough calculation, we assessed the water requirements for hand washing for 75 days of quarantine in the 53 countries most affected by the epidemic, and we summarized them in (Table 1). The average increase in the water needs to face the Corona virus by hand washing only ranges between: 3.20% to 15.70%, at a global average rate of 9.68%. Among the 53 countries most affected by the Corona virus, 27 countries in five continents suffer from significant water stress, which means that 50% of these countries may be unable to provide water to their citizens to wash their hands only, without considering the quantities of water required to sterilize hospitals, administrations, shops and streets. To face the COVID-19 and various epidemics in the future, all governments must mobilize adequate water resources and expedite the completion of water networks.},
 year = {2022}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - COVID-19: What Lessons Learned in Anticipation of Future Pandemics in the Field of Water Resources
AU  - Noui Abderrahmane
AU  - Guesbaya Zineb
Y1  - 2022/08/05
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.advances.20220303.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.advances.20220303.13
T2  - Advances
JF  - Advances
JO  - Advances
SP  - 60
EP  - 64
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2994-7200
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.advances.20220303.13
AB  - According to the recommendations of the WHO, the most effective way to eliminate COVID-19 is the quarantine and always clean hands by rubbing them with an alcohol disinfectant or washing them with soap and water, but alcohol disinfectants are expensive compared to water, and billions of people in the world lack clean water. The aim of this study is to evaluate the amount of water needed to wash hands only during quarantine for a period of 75 days to eliminate the corona virus in the country’s most affected by it, with a focus on countries with water shortages, to alert governments to mobilize sufficient water resources to eliminate this epidemic and future epidemics. By a rough calculation, we assessed the water requirements for hand washing for 75 days of quarantine in the 53 countries most affected by the epidemic, and we summarized them in (Table 1). The average increase in the water needs to face the Corona virus by hand washing only ranges between: 3.20% to 15.70%, at a global average rate of 9.68%. Among the 53 countries most affected by the Corona virus, 27 countries in five continents suffer from significant water stress, which means that 50% of these countries may be unable to provide water to their citizens to wash their hands only, without considering the quantities of water required to sterilize hospitals, administrations, shops and streets. To face the COVID-19 and various epidemics in the future, all governments must mobilize adequate water resources and expedite the completion of water networks.
VL  - 3
IS  - 3
ER  -

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