Determinants of Women Farmers’ Access to Agricultural Extension Services in Ethiopia: A Review

Bayeta Gadissa Gemechu

doi:doi:10.11648/j.advances.20230402.12

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Determinants of Women Farmers’ Access to Agricultural Extension Services in Ethiopia: A Review

Bayeta Gadissa Gemechu

Published in Advances (Volume 4, Issue 2)

Received: 23 February 2023 Accepted: 25 June 2023 Published: 6 July 2023

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Abstract

Women and men living in rural areas in the world are involved in range of productive activities that is crucial for the welfare, agricultural productivity and economic growth of the household. However, women’s significant contribution continues to be systematically marginalized and underestimated in conventional agricultural and economic analyses and policies, while men's contribution remains the dominant, and got attention. In Africa, women farmers participated in various farming activities while receiving little of the infrastructural support men farmers get. Women farmers rarely get extension services and have little contact with extension services organizations in Ethiopia. There are an interaction of different demographic, socio-economic, institutional and women related factors that hinder them to participate in agricultural extension services. Among these factors sex of household head (being male), age of women farmers, sex of development agent (being male), time spent on domestic activities, mobility constraints and distance from extension services decreases the probability of women farmers’ access to extension services. On the other hand, education level, farm experience, family size, land holding size, access to credit, access to irrigation, participation in off/non-farm activities, access to information and access to market increase the probability of women farmers access to extension services. Based on this, provision of gender inclusive extension programs, awareness creation and training, provision of informal education, considering women farmers’ situation in extension services, provision of credit services, developing irrigation facilities, dissemination of appropriate information and reaching women farmers who are far from extension center are recommended.

Published in	Advances (Volume 4, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.advances.20230402.12
Page(s)	44-48
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Agricultural Extension Services, Determinants, Women

References

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[2]	Amare Biftu. (2014). Determinants of Women Farmers’ Participation in Seed System: The Case of Local Seed Business in Sinana, Agarfa and Dodola Districts of Southeastern Oromia, Ethiopia. MSc Thesis, Haramaya University, Haramaya, Ethiopia.
[3]	Birhane A. A. and Biruk Y. (2020). Determinants of Women’s Participation in Agricultural Extension Services among Rural Women Farmers in Yilmanadensa District, Northwest Ethiopia.
[4]	Daniel T., Umer H. and Jamal Y. (2015). Determinants of farm women participation in agricultural extension training programs: A case from selected district of Oromia Region of Ethiopia. Intern. Journal of Agricultural Science Research; 4 (4): 067-077.
[5]	Deribe K. K. (2007). Agricultural Information Networks of Farm Women and Role of Agricultural Extension: The Case of Dale Woreda, Southern Nations, Nationalities & Peoples’ Region. Studies Haramaya University MSc Thesis.
[6]	F, A. Suleiman and A, M. Saeed. (2013). Factors Affecting Women's Access to Agricultural Services and Farm Income in Sennar State. 3rd International Geography Symposium – GEOMED.
[7]	FAO. 2011. World Census of Agriculture: analysis and international comparison of the results (1996-2005). FAO Statistical Development Series No. 13. Rome.
[8]	Fikrineh Negash. (2012). The Role of Rural Women in Agricultural Development: A Review. Paper presented on: the 1st Annual Research Symposium of Public Service College of Oromia (PSCO) held at Adama, Ethiopia, 1 to 2 July, 2012.
[9]	Firafis Haile. (2016). Factors Affecting Women Farmers' Participation in Agricultural Extension Services for improving the production in Rural District of Dendi West Shoa Zone, Ethiopia; International Journal of Agricultural Research, Sustainability, and Food Sufficiency; 3 (4): 69-82.
[10]	Gashaw Tenna Alemu. 2015. Gender Disparity in the Utilization of Agricultural Extension Services in Bure Woreda, North Western Ethiopia. J. Agric. Environ. Sci. 1 (1).
[11]	Getu Mitiku. (2016). Analysis of Female-Headed and Male-Headed Households’ Participation in Public Agricultural Extension Services: The Case of Meskan Woreda, Gurage Zone, Ethiopia. MSc Thesis, Haramaya University, Haramaya, Ethiopia.
[12]	Gurmessa Umeta. (2013). Analysis of Female Headed Households’ Participation in Agricultural Extension Package Program in East Showa Zone, Ethiopia. American Journal of Research Communication; 1 (8).
[13]	M, A. Manyeh, D, S. Gill, B, Matthews and Eloise C. Murrays. (1994). Factors Constraining Women Farmers’ Access to Agricultural Extension Services in Serra Leone. Staff Paper 94-04.
[14]	Mbo’o-Tchouawou, M. and Colverson, K. (2014). Increasing access to agricultural extension and advisory services: How effective are new approaches in reaching women farmers in rural areas? Nairobi, Kenya: International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI).
[15]	Mulutena S., J. Paul M. and Mulu D. (2018). Determinants of Rural Women’s Participation in Agricultural Extension Services: Case of Irrigable Vegetable Production in Oromia Region, Ethiopia.
[16]	Tewodaj M, Cohen MJ, Birner R, Mamusha L, Randriamamonjy J, Fanaye T, Zelekawork P. (2009). Agricultural Extension in Ethiopia through a Gender and Governance Lens. Development Strategy and Governance Division, International Food policy Research Institute-Ethiopia Strategy Support Program 2, Ethiopia. Discussion Paper.

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Bayeta Gadissa Gemechu. (2023). Determinants of Women Farmers’ Access to Agricultural Extension Services in Ethiopia: A Review. Advances, 4(2), 44-48. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.advances.20230402.12

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Bayeta Gadissa Gemechu. Determinants of Women Farmers’ Access to Agricultural Extension Services in Ethiopia: A Review. Advances. 2023, 4(2), 44-48. doi: 10.11648/j.advances.20230402.12

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Bayeta Gadissa Gemechu. Determinants of Women Farmers’ Access to Agricultural Extension Services in Ethiopia: A Review. Advances. 2023;4(2):44-48. doi: 10.11648/j.advances.20230402.12

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@article{10.11648/j.advances.20230402.12,
  author = {Bayeta Gadissa Gemechu},
  title = {Determinants of Women Farmers’ Access to Agricultural Extension Services in Ethiopia: A Review},
  journal = {Advances},
  volume = {4},
  number = {2},
  pages = {44-48},
  doi = {10.11648/j.advances.20230402.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.advances.20230402.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.advances.20230402.12},
  abstract = {Women and men living in rural areas in the world are involved in range of productive activities that is crucial for the welfare, agricultural productivity and economic growth of the household. However, women’s significant contribution continues to be systematically marginalized and underestimated in conventional agricultural and economic analyses and policies, while men's contribution remains the dominant, and got attention. In Africa, women farmers participated in various farming activities while receiving little of the infrastructural support men farmers get. Women farmers rarely get extension services and have little contact with extension services organizations in Ethiopia. There are an interaction of different demographic, socio-economic, institutional and women related factors that hinder them to participate in agricultural extension services. Among these factors sex of household head (being male), age of women farmers, sex of development agent (being male), time spent on domestic activities, mobility constraints and distance from extension services decreases the probability of women farmers’ access to extension services. On the other hand, education level, farm experience, family size, land holding size, access to credit, access to irrigation, participation in off/non-farm activities, access to information and access to market increase the probability of women farmers access to extension services. Based on this, provision of gender inclusive extension programs, awareness creation and training, provision of informal education, considering women farmers’ situation in extension services, provision of credit services, developing irrigation facilities, dissemination of appropriate information and reaching women farmers who are far from extension center are recommended.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Determinants of Women Farmers’ Access to Agricultural Extension Services in Ethiopia: A Review
AU  - Bayeta Gadissa Gemechu
Y1  - 2023/07/06
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.advances.20230402.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.advances.20230402.12
T2  - Advances
JF  - Advances
JO  - Advances
SP  - 44
EP  - 48
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2994-7200
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.advances.20230402.12
AB  - Women and men living in rural areas in the world are involved in range of productive activities that is crucial for the welfare, agricultural productivity and economic growth of the household. However, women’s significant contribution continues to be systematically marginalized and underestimated in conventional agricultural and economic analyses and policies, while men's contribution remains the dominant, and got attention. In Africa, women farmers participated in various farming activities while receiving little of the infrastructural support men farmers get. Women farmers rarely get extension services and have little contact with extension services organizations in Ethiopia. There are an interaction of different demographic, socio-economic, institutional and women related factors that hinder them to participate in agricultural extension services. Among these factors sex of household head (being male), age of women farmers, sex of development agent (being male), time spent on domestic activities, mobility constraints and distance from extension services decreases the probability of women farmers’ access to extension services. On the other hand, education level, farm experience, family size, land holding size, access to credit, access to irrigation, participation in off/non-farm activities, access to information and access to market increase the probability of women farmers access to extension services. Based on this, provision of gender inclusive extension programs, awareness creation and training, provision of informal education, considering women farmers’ situation in extension services, provision of credit services, developing irrigation facilities, dissemination of appropriate information and reaching women farmers who are far from extension center are recommended.
VL  - 4
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Bayeta Gadissa Gemechu

Agricultural Extension Research Team, Sinana Agricultural Research Center, Oromia Agricultural Research Institute, Bale Robe, Ethiopia

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APA Style

Bayeta Gadissa Gemechu. (2023). Determinants of Women Farmers’ Access to Agricultural Extension Services in Ethiopia: A Review. Advances, 4(2), 44-48. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.advances.20230402.12

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ACS Style

Bayeta Gadissa Gemechu. Determinants of Women Farmers’ Access to Agricultural Extension Services in Ethiopia: A Review. Advances. 2023, 4(2), 44-48. doi: 10.11648/j.advances.20230402.12

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AMA Style

Bayeta Gadissa Gemechu. Determinants of Women Farmers’ Access to Agricultural Extension Services in Ethiopia: A Review. Advances. 2023;4(2):44-48. doi: 10.11648/j.advances.20230402.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.advances.20230402.12,
  author = {Bayeta Gadissa Gemechu},
  title = {Determinants of Women Farmers’ Access to Agricultural Extension Services in Ethiopia: A Review},
  journal = {Advances},
  volume = {4},
  number = {2},
  pages = {44-48},
  doi = {10.11648/j.advances.20230402.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.advances.20230402.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.advances.20230402.12},
  abstract = {Women and men living in rural areas in the world are involved in range of productive activities that is crucial for the welfare, agricultural productivity and economic growth of the household. However, women’s significant contribution continues to be systematically marginalized and underestimated in conventional agricultural and economic analyses and policies, while men's contribution remains the dominant, and got attention. In Africa, women farmers participated in various farming activities while receiving little of the infrastructural support men farmers get. Women farmers rarely get extension services and have little contact with extension services organizations in Ethiopia. There are an interaction of different demographic, socio-economic, institutional and women related factors that hinder them to participate in agricultural extension services. Among these factors sex of household head (being male), age of women farmers, sex of development agent (being male), time spent on domestic activities, mobility constraints and distance from extension services decreases the probability of women farmers’ access to extension services. On the other hand, education level, farm experience, family size, land holding size, access to credit, access to irrigation, participation in off/non-farm activities, access to information and access to market increase the probability of women farmers access to extension services. Based on this, provision of gender inclusive extension programs, awareness creation and training, provision of informal education, considering women farmers’ situation in extension services, provision of credit services, developing irrigation facilities, dissemination of appropriate information and reaching women farmers who are far from extension center are recommended.},
 year = {2023}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Determinants of Women Farmers’ Access to Agricultural Extension Services in Ethiopia: A Review
AU  - Bayeta Gadissa Gemechu
Y1  - 2023/07/06
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.advances.20230402.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.advances.20230402.12
T2  - Advances
JF  - Advances
JO  - Advances
SP  - 44
EP  - 48
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2994-7200
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.advances.20230402.12
AB  - Women and men living in rural areas in the world are involved in range of productive activities that is crucial for the welfare, agricultural productivity and economic growth of the household. However, women’s significant contribution continues to be systematically marginalized and underestimated in conventional agricultural and economic analyses and policies, while men's contribution remains the dominant, and got attention. In Africa, women farmers participated in various farming activities while receiving little of the infrastructural support men farmers get. Women farmers rarely get extension services and have little contact with extension services organizations in Ethiopia. There are an interaction of different demographic, socio-economic, institutional and women related factors that hinder them to participate in agricultural extension services. Among these factors sex of household head (being male), age of women farmers, sex of development agent (being male), time spent on domestic activities, mobility constraints and distance from extension services decreases the probability of women farmers’ access to extension services. On the other hand, education level, farm experience, family size, land holding size, access to credit, access to irrigation, participation in off/non-farm activities, access to information and access to market increase the probability of women farmers access to extension services. Based on this, provision of gender inclusive extension programs, awareness creation and training, provision of informal education, considering women farmers’ situation in extension services, provision of credit services, developing irrigation facilities, dissemination of appropriate information and reaching women farmers who are far from extension center are recommended.
VL  - 4
IS  - 2
ER  -

Copy | Download