Assessment of the Health Risks Associated with the Ingestion of Heavy Metals (As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni, Zn, Hg) in Vegetable Crops in the City of Daloa (Ivory Coast)

Yapi Yapo Hermann Aristide; Akesse Djamatche Paul Valery; Koffi Akissi Lydie Chantal; Dibi Brou; Dongui Bini Kouame

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajac.20210904.14

| Peer-Reviewed

Assessment of the Health Risks Associated with the Ingestion of Heavy Metals (As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni, Zn, Hg) in Vegetable Crops in the City of Daloa (Ivory Coast)

Yapi Yapo Hermann Aristide, Akesse Djamatche Paul Valery, Koffi Akissi Lydie Chantal, Dibi Brou, Dongui Bini Kouame

Published in American Journal of Applied Chemistry (Volume 9, Issue 4)

Received: 14 June 2021 Accepted: 30 June 2021 Published: 11 August 2021

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

In order to assess the health risks associated with the ingestion of heavy metals or trace metal elements (TME) contained in foodstuffs from market garden crops, we sampled the tomato, cabbage, onion and leaves of 'onions and lettuce grown in the lowlands of the town of Daloa. The concentrations of ETM contained in these market garden products were determined by an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) using three methods such as the flame method (Zn), the oven method (Pb, Cd, As, Cr, Ni) and the hydride (Hg) method. The results obtained showed that the heavy metals studied are present in fruits and vegetables with the most important Zn, Cr and Ni contents. However, metals such as arsenic, mercury and zinc present a concentration higher than that of the standard in force for the foodstuffs studied. Thus, the consumption of market garden products from cultivated soils in the areas studied could present dangers for the exposed population. Indeed, the study of the health risks associated with the ingestion of these vegetables has shown that for arsenic and zinc the determined Danger Quotient are all greater than 1. Which means that these vegetable crops present risks. related to the ingestion of zinc and arsenic. this means that the exposed population is theoretically out of danger. The values obtained from the Health Impact (SI) are all less than 1 for the population surveyed. On the other hand, for the estimated population of the city of Daloa we observe an IS> 1.

Published in	American Journal of Applied Chemistry (Volume 9, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajac.20210904.14
Page(s)	114-122
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Vegetable Crops, Heavy Metals, Evaluation, Ingestion, Sanitary Risks

References

[1]	Stefan S., Todor B. (2005). Heavy metal accumulation in solanaceae-plants grown at centaminared. Agricultural University of Plovdiv, 452-460.
[2]	Michel R., Pierre S. (1999). Soil and agriculture: soil resource, quality and degradation processes. A global, European and French perspective. Notebook and Agriculture, 8 (4): 301-308.
[3]	ADEME (2003). Management practices for polluted sites in France. ADEME, Angers.
[4]	Amoah P., Drechsel P., Abaidoo R., Ntow W. (2006). Pesticide and pathogen contamination of vegetables in Ghana's urban markets. Arch Environl Contam Toxicol. 50: 1–6.
[5]	Hocking P. and Mc-Laugbliog M. (2000). Genotypic variation in cadmium accumulation by seed of linseed an comparison with seeds of some other crop species. Journal of Agricultural and Research, 51: 427-433.
[6]	Berthelin, J. and Bourrelier, P. (1998). Soil contamination by trace elements: the risks and their management. Academy of Sciences, report n ° 42. TEC & DOC (Ed), London, Paris, New York. 440 pp.
[7]	Miquel G. (2001). The effects of heavy metals on the environment and health. Report n°261 of the Parliamentary Office for the Evaluation of Scientific and Technological Choices, 365 p.
[8]	Diels L., Dong Q., Van der Lelie D., Baeyens W. and Mergeay, M. (1995). The operon of Alcaligenes eutrophus from resistance mechanism to the removal of heavy metals. J. Ind. Microbiol., 14, 142-153.
[9]	FAO/WHO (2009b) Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants. Sixty-ninth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives. Geneva, World Health Organization (WHO Technical Report Series, No. 952; http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_952_eng.pdf).
[10]	Akessé V. (2014). Assessment of food and environmental risks in connection with the presence of TME in soils and foodstuffs in the Akouédo and Abouabou zones (Côte d'Ivoire), Doctoral Thesis, Nangui Abrogoua University, Côte d'Ivoire, pp 11-24.
[11]	IPCS (International Programme on Chemical Safety) (2009) Principles for modelling dose–response for the risk assessment of chemicals. Geneva, World Health Organization, (Environmental Health Criteria, No. 239; http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2009/9789241572392_eng.pdf).
[12]	“Ile de france” regional health observatory (2007). L’évaluation des risques sanitaires: principe et méthode. www.ors-idf.org. https://www.ors-idf.org/fileadmin/DataStorageKit/ORS/Etudes/2006/Etude2006_9/ERS_6p_1_pdf
[13]	IRIS (Risk Information System) (1995). Mercuric chloride (HgCl₂). In USEPA: Integrated. CASRN 7487-94-7.
[14]	InVS/Afsset (2005). Estimation of the health impact of environmental pollution and quantitative assessment of health risks. Provisional summary of the report. SANITARY, 2005.
[15]	General Population and Housing Census (GPHC or RGPH in french), (2014) Ivory Coast.
[16]	ATSDR (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry) (2007). Toxicological Profile for Lead.
[17]	USEPA (Environmental Protection Agency) (1999). Preliminary data summary of urban storm water best management practices. Washington, US, 135 p.
[18]	US EPA & IRIS (1996). Nickel, soluble salts-reference dose chronic oral exposure.
[19]	Kouassi J., Ahoua Y., Baize D., Denezon O., Moussa B., Fatiha Z. and Peggy M. (2008). Diagnosis of Trace Metal Contamination of Spinach (Spinacia Oleracea) Grown on Market Garden Soils in the City of Abidjan (Ivory Coast) Amended with Poultry Manure. European Journal of Scientific Research, 21: 471-487.
[20]	Tankari A., Guéro Y., Nomaou D., Baragé M., Balla A., Sterckeman T., Echevarria G. and Feidt C. (2013): Evaluation of the levels of contamination in metallic trace elements of lettuce and cabbage cultivated in the valley of Gounti Yena in Niamey, Niger. J. Appl. Biosci.
[21]	Uddin J. and Abdul G. (2010). Heavy metal contamination in water, soil, and vegetables of the industrial areas in Dhaka, Bangladesh. About Monit Assess, 166: 347–357.
[22]	Gupta N., Khan D. and Santra S. (2008). An assessment of heavy metal contamination in vegetables grown in wastewater-irrigated areas of Titagarh, West Bengal, India. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 80, 115–118.
[23]	Awofolu O. (2005). A survey of trace metals in vegetation, soil and lower animal along some selected major roads in metropolitan city of Lagos. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 105, 431-447.
[24]	Bassuk N. (1986). Reducing lead uptake in lettuce. Hort sciences, 21: 993-995.
[25]	Chinese Environmental Protection Agency (2005). The lirnits of pollutants in food. State Environmental Protection Administration, 45; 2762-2766.
[26]	Kabata-Pendias A. (2001). Trace Elements in Soils and Plants, third ed. CRC Press, New York, 432 pp.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Yapi Yapo Hermann Aristide, Akesse Djamatche Paul Valery, Koffi Akissi Lydie Chantal, Dibi Brou, Dongui Bini Kouame. (2021). Assessment of the Health Risks Associated with the Ingestion of Heavy Metals (As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni, Zn, Hg) in Vegetable Crops in the City of Daloa (Ivory Coast). American Journal of Applied Chemistry, 9(4), 114-122. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20210904.14

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Yapi Yapo Hermann Aristide; Akesse Djamatche Paul Valery; Koffi Akissi Lydie Chantal; Dibi Brou; Dongui Bini Kouame. Assessment of the Health Risks Associated with the Ingestion of Heavy Metals (As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni, Zn, Hg) in Vegetable Crops in the City of Daloa (Ivory Coast). Am. J. Appl. Chem. 2021, 9(4), 114-122. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20210904.14

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Yapi Yapo Hermann Aristide, Akesse Djamatche Paul Valery, Koffi Akissi Lydie Chantal, Dibi Brou, Dongui Bini Kouame. Assessment of the Health Risks Associated with the Ingestion of Heavy Metals (As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni, Zn, Hg) in Vegetable Crops in the City of Daloa (Ivory Coast). Am J Appl Chem. 2021;9(4):114-122. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20210904.14

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajac.20210904.14,
  author = {Yapi Yapo Hermann Aristide and Akesse Djamatche Paul Valery and Koffi Akissi Lydie Chantal and Dibi Brou and Dongui Bini Kouame},
  title = {Assessment of the Health Risks Associated with the Ingestion of Heavy Metals (As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni, Zn, Hg) in Vegetable Crops in the City of Daloa (Ivory Coast)},
  journal = {American Journal of Applied Chemistry},
  volume = {9},
  number = {4},
  pages = {114-122},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajac.20210904.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20210904.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajac.20210904.14},
  abstract = {In order to assess the health risks associated with the ingestion of heavy metals or trace metal elements (TME) contained in foodstuffs from market garden crops, we sampled the tomato, cabbage, onion and leaves of 'onions and lettuce grown in the lowlands of the town of Daloa. The concentrations of ETM contained in these market garden products were determined by an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) using three methods such as the flame method (Zn), the oven method (Pb, Cd, As, Cr, Ni) and the hydride (Hg) method. The results obtained showed that the heavy metals studied are present in fruits and vegetables with the most important Zn, Cr and Ni contents. However, metals such as arsenic, mercury and zinc present a concentration higher than that of the standard in force for the foodstuffs studied. Thus, the consumption of market garden products from cultivated soils in the areas studied could present dangers for the exposed population. Indeed, the study of the health risks associated with the ingestion of these vegetables has shown that for arsenic and zinc the determined Danger Quotient are all greater than 1. Which means that these vegetable crops present risks. related to the ingestion of zinc and arsenic. this means that the exposed population is theoretically out of danger. The values obtained from the Health Impact (SI) are all less than 1 for the population surveyed. On the other hand, for the estimated population of the city of Daloa we observe an IS> 1.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download

TY - JOUR
T1 - Assessment of the Health Risks Associated with the Ingestion of Heavy Metals (As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni, Zn, Hg) in Vegetable Crops in the City of Daloa (Ivory Coast)
AU - Yapi Yapo Hermann Aristide
AU - Akesse Djamatche Paul Valery
AU - Koffi Akissi Lydie Chantal
AU - Dibi Brou
AU - Dongui Bini Kouame
Y1 - 2021/08/11
PY - 2021
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20210904.14
DO - 10.11648/j.ajac.20210904.14
T2 - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
JF - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
JO - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
SP - 114
EP - 122
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2330-8745
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20210904.14
AB - In order to assess the health risks associated with the ingestion of heavy metals or trace metal elements (TME) contained in foodstuffs from market garden crops, we sampled the tomato, cabbage, onion and leaves of 'onions and lettuce grown in the lowlands of the town of Daloa. The concentrations of ETM contained in these market garden products were determined by an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) using three methods such as the flame method (Zn), the oven method (Pb, Cd, As, Cr, Ni) and the hydride (Hg) method. The results obtained showed that the heavy metals studied are present in fruits and vegetables with the most important Zn, Cr and Ni contents. However, metals such as arsenic, mercury and zinc present a concentration higher than that of the standard in force for the foodstuffs studied. Thus, the consumption of market garden products from cultivated soils in the areas studied could present dangers for the exposed population. Indeed, the study of the health risks associated with the ingestion of these vegetables has shown that for arsenic and zinc the determined Danger Quotient are all greater than 1. Which means that these vegetable crops present risks. related to the ingestion of zinc and arsenic. this means that the exposed population is theoretically out of danger. The values obtained from the Health Impact (SI) are all less than 1 for the population surveyed. On the other hand, for the estimated population of the city of Daloa we observe an IS> 1.
VL - 9
IS - 4
ER -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Yapi Yapo Hermann Aristide

Department of Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Computing, Laboratory of Environmental Sciences and Technology, Jean Lorougnon Guede University, Daloa, Ivory Coast
Akesse Djamatche Paul Valery

Department of Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Computing, Laboratory of Environmental Sciences and Technology, Jean Lorougnon Guede University, Daloa, Ivory Coast
Koffi Akissi Lydie Chantal

Department of Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Computing, Laboratory of Environmental Sciences and Technology, Jean Lorougnon Guede University, Daloa, Ivory Coast
Dibi Brou

Department of Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Computing, Laboratory of Environmental Sciences and Technology, Jean Lorougnon Guede University, Daloa, Ivory Coast
Dongui Bini Kouame

Department of Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Computing, Laboratory of Environmental Sciences and Technology, Jean Lorougnon Guede University, Daloa, Ivory Coast

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Yapi Yapo Hermann Aristide, Akesse Djamatche Paul Valery, Koffi Akissi Lydie Chantal, Dibi Brou, Dongui Bini Kouame. (2021). Assessment of the Health Risks Associated with the Ingestion of Heavy Metals (As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni, Zn, Hg) in Vegetable Crops in the City of Daloa (Ivory Coast). American Journal of Applied Chemistry, 9(4), 114-122. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20210904.14

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Yapi Yapo Hermann Aristide; Akesse Djamatche Paul Valery; Koffi Akissi Lydie Chantal; Dibi Brou; Dongui Bini Kouame. Assessment of the Health Risks Associated with the Ingestion of Heavy Metals (As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni, Zn, Hg) in Vegetable Crops in the City of Daloa (Ivory Coast). Am. J. Appl. Chem. 2021, 9(4), 114-122. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20210904.14

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Yapi Yapo Hermann Aristide, Akesse Djamatche Paul Valery, Koffi Akissi Lydie Chantal, Dibi Brou, Dongui Bini Kouame. Assessment of the Health Risks Associated with the Ingestion of Heavy Metals (As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni, Zn, Hg) in Vegetable Crops in the City of Daloa (Ivory Coast). Am J Appl Chem. 2021;9(4):114-122. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20210904.14

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajac.20210904.14,
  author = {Yapi Yapo Hermann Aristide and Akesse Djamatche Paul Valery and Koffi Akissi Lydie Chantal and Dibi Brou and Dongui Bini Kouame},
  title = {Assessment of the Health Risks Associated with the Ingestion of Heavy Metals (As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni, Zn, Hg) in Vegetable Crops in the City of Daloa (Ivory Coast)},
  journal = {American Journal of Applied Chemistry},
  volume = {9},
  number = {4},
  pages = {114-122},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajac.20210904.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20210904.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajac.20210904.14},
  abstract = {In order to assess the health risks associated with the ingestion of heavy metals or trace metal elements (TME) contained in foodstuffs from market garden crops, we sampled the tomato, cabbage, onion and leaves of 'onions and lettuce grown in the lowlands of the town of Daloa. The concentrations of ETM contained in these market garden products were determined by an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) using three methods such as the flame method (Zn), the oven method (Pb, Cd, As, Cr, Ni) and the hydride (Hg) method. The results obtained showed that the heavy metals studied are present in fruits and vegetables with the most important Zn, Cr and Ni contents. However, metals such as arsenic, mercury and zinc present a concentration higher than that of the standard in force for the foodstuffs studied. Thus, the consumption of market garden products from cultivated soils in the areas studied could present dangers for the exposed population. Indeed, the study of the health risks associated with the ingestion of these vegetables has shown that for arsenic and zinc the determined Danger Quotient are all greater than 1. Which means that these vegetable crops present risks. related to the ingestion of zinc and arsenic. this means that the exposed population is theoretically out of danger. The values obtained from the Health Impact (SI) are all less than 1 for the population surveyed. On the other hand, for the estimated population of the city of Daloa we observe an IS> 1.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download