Bioavailability of Docosahexaenoic (DHA) and Eicosapentaenoic (EPA) Acids in the Oil Extracted from <i>Pellonula</i> <i>leonensis</i> from the Congo River and Nianga Lake

Mambou Lea Beatrice; Loumouamou Bob Wilfrid; Dzondo Gadet Michel

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajac.20231102.13

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Bioavailability of Docosahexaenoic (DHA) and Eicosapentaenoic (EPA) Acids in the Oil Extracted from Pellonula leonensis from the Congo River and Nianga Lake

Mambou Lea Beatrice, Loumouamou Bob Wilfrid, Dzondo Gadet Michel

Published in American Journal of Applied Chemistry (Volume 11, Issue 2)

Received: 16 April 2023 Accepted: 2 May 2023 Published: 10 May 2023

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Abstract

The objective of this work is to characterize and determine the fatty acid composition of Pellonula leonensis oil from the Congo River and Nianga Lake, in order to determine the bioavailability of docosahexaenoic (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic (EPA) acids. Pellonula leonensis fish were caught in the Congo River in southern Congo–Brazzaville in the localities of Kombé (Brazzaville) and Boko (Pool department) and in Nianga Lake (Pointe-Noire). The oil is extracted from the fish by the Soxhlet method using hexane as solvent. The fat content found is around 32% for all six samples from the Congo River (3 samples of kombe and 3 samples of Boko) and around 22% for the three samples from Nianga Lake. All samples have similar fatty acid profiles. These oils are characterized by the presence of palmitic acid C16:0, 27 to 28%; oleic acid: C18:1 cis, 23 to 24%; stearic acid: C18:0, 8 to 9%; palmitoleic acid: C16:1, about 6%; linoleic acid: C18:2 cis, about 5%; eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA): C20: 5 (n-3), 2-3%; arachidonic: C20:4 (n-6), 2-3%; margaric: C17:0, about 2%; myristic: C14:0, about 2%; linolenic: C18:3 (n-3), about 2%; docosahexaenoic (DHA): C22:6 (n-3), about 2%; docosapentaenoic (DPA): C22:5 (n-3), about 1%. The ratio of PUFAs to SFAs was approximately 0.50. Principal component analysis showed that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) content is anti-correlated with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) content. Pellonula leonensis oils from the river, especially those from Boko, have the highest EPA content, whereas the oils from the lake have the highest DHA content. However, the presence of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in the oils of P. leonensis, although low, proves its nutritional value in terms of lipids.

Published in	American Journal of Applied Chemistry (Volume 11, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajac.20231102.13
Page(s)	66-74
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Pellonula leonensis, Extraction, Bioavailability, Fatty Acid Composition, DHA, EPA

References

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Mambou Lea Beatrice, Loumouamou Bob Wilfrid, Dzondo Gadet Michel. (2023). Bioavailability of Docosahexaenoic (DHA) and Eicosapentaenoic (EPA) Acids in the Oil Extracted from Pellonula leonensis from the Congo River and Nianga Lake. American Journal of Applied Chemistry, 11(2), 66-74. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20231102.13

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ACS Style

Mambou Lea Beatrice; Loumouamou Bob Wilfrid; Dzondo Gadet Michel. Bioavailability of Docosahexaenoic (DHA) and Eicosapentaenoic (EPA) Acids in the Oil Extracted from Pellonula leonensis from the Congo River and Nianga Lake. Am. J. Appl. Chem. 2023, 11(2), 66-74. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20231102.13

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AMA Style

Mambou Lea Beatrice, Loumouamou Bob Wilfrid, Dzondo Gadet Michel. Bioavailability of Docosahexaenoic (DHA) and Eicosapentaenoic (EPA) Acids in the Oil Extracted from Pellonula leonensis from the Congo River and Nianga Lake. Am J Appl Chem. 2023;11(2):66-74. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20231102.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajac.20231102.13,
  author = {Mambou Lea Beatrice and Loumouamou Bob Wilfrid and Dzondo Gadet Michel},
  title = {Bioavailability of Docosahexaenoic (DHA) and Eicosapentaenoic (EPA) Acids in the Oil Extracted from Pellonula leonensis from the Congo River and Nianga Lake},
  journal = {American Journal of Applied Chemistry},
  volume = {11},
  number = {2},
  pages = {66-74},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajac.20231102.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20231102.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajac.20231102.13},
  abstract = {The objective of this work is to characterize and determine the fatty acid composition of Pellonula leonensis oil from the Congo River and Nianga Lake, in order to determine the bioavailability of docosahexaenoic (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic (EPA) acids. Pellonula leonensis fish were caught in the Congo River in southern Congo–Brazzaville in the localities of Kombé (Brazzaville) and Boko (Pool department) and in Nianga Lake (Pointe-Noire). The oil is extracted from the fish by the Soxhlet method using hexane as solvent. The fat content found is around 32% for all six samples from the Congo River (3 samples of kombe and 3 samples of Boko) and around 22% for the three samples from Nianga Lake. All samples have similar fatty acid profiles. These oils are characterized by the presence of palmitic acid C16:0, 27 to 28%; oleic acid: C18:1 cis, 23 to 24%; stearic acid: C18:0, 8 to 9%; palmitoleic acid: C16:1, about 6%; linoleic acid: C18:2 cis, about 5%; eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA): C20: 5 (n-3), 2-3%; arachidonic: C20:4 (n-6), 2-3%; margaric: C17:0, about 2%; myristic: C14:0, about 2%; linolenic: C18:3 (n-3), about 2%; docosahexaenoic (DHA): C22:6 (n-3), about 2%; docosapentaenoic (DPA): C22:5 (n-3), about 1%. The ratio of PUFAs to SFAs was approximately 0.50. Principal component analysis showed that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) content is anti-correlated with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) content. Pellonula leonensis oils from the river, especially those from Boko, have the highest EPA content, whereas the oils from the lake have the highest DHA content. However, the presence of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in the oils of P. leonensis, although low, proves its nutritional value in terms of lipids.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Bioavailability of Docosahexaenoic (DHA) and Eicosapentaenoic (EPA) Acids in the Oil Extracted from Pellonula leonensis from the Congo River and Nianga Lake
AU  - Mambou Lea Beatrice
AU  - Loumouamou Bob Wilfrid
AU  - Dzondo Gadet Michel
Y1  - 2023/05/10
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20231102.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajac.20231102.13
T2  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
JF  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
JO  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
SP  - 66
EP  - 74
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8745
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20231102.13
AB  - The objective of this work is to characterize and determine the fatty acid composition of Pellonula leonensis oil from the Congo River and Nianga Lake, in order to determine the bioavailability of docosahexaenoic (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic (EPA) acids. Pellonula leonensis fish were caught in the Congo River in southern Congo–Brazzaville in the localities of Kombé (Brazzaville) and Boko (Pool department) and in Nianga Lake (Pointe-Noire). The oil is extracted from the fish by the Soxhlet method using hexane as solvent. The fat content found is around 32% for all six samples from the Congo River (3 samples of kombe and 3 samples of Boko) and around 22% for the three samples from Nianga Lake. All samples have similar fatty acid profiles. These oils are characterized by the presence of palmitic acid C16:0, 27 to 28%; oleic acid: C18:1 cis, 23 to 24%; stearic acid: C18:0, 8 to 9%; palmitoleic acid: C16:1, about 6%; linoleic acid: C18:2 cis, about 5%; eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA): C20: 5 (n-3), 2-3%; arachidonic: C20:4 (n-6), 2-3%; margaric: C17:0, about 2%; myristic: C14:0, about 2%; linolenic: C18:3 (n-3), about 2%; docosahexaenoic (DHA): C22:6 (n-3), about 2%; docosapentaenoic (DPA): C22:5 (n-3), about 1%. The ratio of PUFAs to SFAs was approximately 0.50. Principal component analysis showed that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) content is anti-correlated with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) content. Pellonula leonensis oils from the river, especially those from Boko, have the highest EPA content, whereas the oils from the lake have the highest DHA content. However, the presence of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in the oils of P. leonensis, although low, proves its nutritional value in terms of lipids.
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Mambou Lea Beatrice

Multidisciplinary Food and Nutrition Research Team: Regional Center of Excellence in Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Science and Technology, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo
Loumouamou Bob Wilfrid

Multidisciplinary Food and Nutrition Research Team: Regional Center of Excellence in Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Science and Technology, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo
Dzondo Gadet Michel

Molecular and Sensory Food Engineering Laboratory, National Polytechnic School (ENSP), Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo

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APA Style

Mambou Lea Beatrice, Loumouamou Bob Wilfrid, Dzondo Gadet Michel. (2023). Bioavailability of Docosahexaenoic (DHA) and Eicosapentaenoic (EPA) Acids in the Oil Extracted from Pellonula leonensis from the Congo River and Nianga Lake. American Journal of Applied Chemistry, 11(2), 66-74. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20231102.13

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ACS Style

Mambou Lea Beatrice; Loumouamou Bob Wilfrid; Dzondo Gadet Michel. Bioavailability of Docosahexaenoic (DHA) and Eicosapentaenoic (EPA) Acids in the Oil Extracted from Pellonula leonensis from the Congo River and Nianga Lake. Am. J. Appl. Chem. 2023, 11(2), 66-74. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20231102.13

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AMA Style

Mambou Lea Beatrice, Loumouamou Bob Wilfrid, Dzondo Gadet Michel. Bioavailability of Docosahexaenoic (DHA) and Eicosapentaenoic (EPA) Acids in the Oil Extracted from Pellonula leonensis from the Congo River and Nianga Lake. Am J Appl Chem. 2023;11(2):66-74. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20231102.13

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajac.20231102.13,
  author = {Mambou Lea Beatrice and Loumouamou Bob Wilfrid and Dzondo Gadet Michel},
  title = {Bioavailability of Docosahexaenoic (DHA) and Eicosapentaenoic (EPA) Acids in the Oil Extracted from Pellonula leonensis from the Congo River and Nianga Lake},
  journal = {American Journal of Applied Chemistry},
  volume = {11},
  number = {2},
  pages = {66-74},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajac.20231102.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20231102.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajac.20231102.13},
  abstract = {The objective of this work is to characterize and determine the fatty acid composition of Pellonula leonensis oil from the Congo River and Nianga Lake, in order to determine the bioavailability of docosahexaenoic (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic (EPA) acids. Pellonula leonensis fish were caught in the Congo River in southern Congo–Brazzaville in the localities of Kombé (Brazzaville) and Boko (Pool department) and in Nianga Lake (Pointe-Noire). The oil is extracted from the fish by the Soxhlet method using hexane as solvent. The fat content found is around 32% for all six samples from the Congo River (3 samples of kombe and 3 samples of Boko) and around 22% for the three samples from Nianga Lake. All samples have similar fatty acid profiles. These oils are characterized by the presence of palmitic acid C16:0, 27 to 28%; oleic acid: C18:1 cis, 23 to 24%; stearic acid: C18:0, 8 to 9%; palmitoleic acid: C16:1, about 6%; linoleic acid: C18:2 cis, about 5%; eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA): C20: 5 (n-3), 2-3%; arachidonic: C20:4 (n-6), 2-3%; margaric: C17:0, about 2%; myristic: C14:0, about 2%; linolenic: C18:3 (n-3), about 2%; docosahexaenoic (DHA): C22:6 (n-3), about 2%; docosapentaenoic (DPA): C22:5 (n-3), about 1%. The ratio of PUFAs to SFAs was approximately 0.50. Principal component analysis showed that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) content is anti-correlated with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) content. Pellonula leonensis oils from the river, especially those from Boko, have the highest EPA content, whereas the oils from the lake have the highest DHA content. However, the presence of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in the oils of P. leonensis, although low, proves its nutritional value in terms of lipids.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Bioavailability of Docosahexaenoic (DHA) and Eicosapentaenoic (EPA) Acids in the Oil Extracted from Pellonula leonensis from the Congo River and Nianga Lake
AU  - Mambou Lea Beatrice
AU  - Loumouamou Bob Wilfrid
AU  - Dzondo Gadet Michel
Y1  - 2023/05/10
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20231102.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajac.20231102.13
T2  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
JF  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
JO  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
SP  - 66
EP  - 74
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8745
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20231102.13
AB  - The objective of this work is to characterize and determine the fatty acid composition of Pellonula leonensis oil from the Congo River and Nianga Lake, in order to determine the bioavailability of docosahexaenoic (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic (EPA) acids. Pellonula leonensis fish were caught in the Congo River in southern Congo–Brazzaville in the localities of Kombé (Brazzaville) and Boko (Pool department) and in Nianga Lake (Pointe-Noire). The oil is extracted from the fish by the Soxhlet method using hexane as solvent. The fat content found is around 32% for all six samples from the Congo River (3 samples of kombe and 3 samples of Boko) and around 22% for the three samples from Nianga Lake. All samples have similar fatty acid profiles. These oils are characterized by the presence of palmitic acid C16:0, 27 to 28%; oleic acid: C18:1 cis, 23 to 24%; stearic acid: C18:0, 8 to 9%; palmitoleic acid: C16:1, about 6%; linoleic acid: C18:2 cis, about 5%; eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA): C20: 5 (n-3), 2-3%; arachidonic: C20:4 (n-6), 2-3%; margaric: C17:0, about 2%; myristic: C14:0, about 2%; linolenic: C18:3 (n-3), about 2%; docosahexaenoic (DHA): C22:6 (n-3), about 2%; docosapentaenoic (DPA): C22:5 (n-3), about 1%. The ratio of PUFAs to SFAs was approximately 0.50. Principal component analysis showed that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) content is anti-correlated with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) content. Pellonula leonensis oils from the river, especially those from Boko, have the highest EPA content, whereas the oils from the lake have the highest DHA content. However, the presence of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in the oils of P. leonensis, although low, proves its nutritional value in terms of lipids.
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
ER  -

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